试论文化研究的基本思路

文化研究的基本思路大致可以这样概括 :1 文化首先是一个特定群体共同拥有的意义系统 ,它最基本的功能就是确立和强化一个特定群体 ;文化发展的途径是通过个体与群体的冲突 ,生成新的符号系统 ,乃至生成新的内在法则。 2 文化是一个开放的能量交换系统 ,它服从于热力学第一定律和热力学第二定律 ;任何文化现象都是直接或间接地根据这两个定律服务于能量的转换 ;心理能量是能量摄取和转换水平的关键 ,但是心理能量的开发不是技术性的 ,而是象征性的。 3 人文科学的非线性特征 ,要求田野工作应该是一个多学科专家共同参与进行的系统工程     

死者生前债务法律处置初探

我国实行限定继承的继承制度,又采取的是直接继承的方式,在缺乏对继承人有效监督的情况下,对债权人的保护极为不利,有必要对继承人予以限制。死者生前和死后都可能达成债务承担协议,实现债务全部或部分转移。由此,极可能引发纠纷。这些问题又恰恰是法律所未规定或规定不全面而为司法实践所常见者。因此从解决实际问题出发,本文对此略作探讨。     

简论诉讼权利平等原则

诉讼永恒的生命基础在于其公正性,而诉讼平等,作为与诉讼公正同等重要的概念之一,则被视为实现诉讼公正的必由之途或形式标志。文章在界定诉讼权利平等原则内涵之后,讨论了与诉讼平等相关的两个问题:诉讼中立与实质平等。在此基础上,作者进一步分析了诉讼立法中有违诉讼平等的几项缺失,如被告人答辩无限制性规定等。最后提出了改进的基本思路。     

INTRODUCING PERSPECTIVES IN FAMILY LAW AND SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH

This article provides an editorial introduction to the following three related articles on the growing use and influence of social science research in family law. It first considers why this has become problematic and identifies some common strategies used by advocates, sometimes under the guise of scholarship, to destroy the standing of research findings contrary to their ideological or political position. Then it discusses briefly the remedies proposed to mitigate these kinds of problems within the following three articles.     

RETHINKING JUVENILE STATUS OFFENSE LAWS: CONSIDERATIONS FOR CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF THE JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION ACT

Families struggling with a breakdown in communication, trying to control the behavior of an unruly child, or experiencing a crisis often look for outside help. Many families, particularly those without resources to pay for private support, turn to their local status offense system. Status offenders are young people charged with behavior unique to their status as juveniles such as running away, truancy, or disobedience. In 2007, Congress will begin to consider reauthorization of the Juvenile Justice Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA), the federal act related to status‐offender policy. By providing an overview of recent state status‐offense legislation and case law, this article identifies issues to be addressed by Congress in reauthorizing the JJDPA.     

PUNCHING THE PARENTING TIME CLOCK: THE APPROXIMATION RULE,SOCIAL SCIENCE,AND THE BASEBALL BAT KIDS*

The American Law Institute proposes that in contested physical custody cases the court should allocate to each parent a proportion of the child's time that approximates the proportion of time each has spent performing caretaking functions in the past. Examined through the lens of child development research, the approximation rule is unlikely to improve on the best interests standard. It is difficult to apply; is perceived as gender‐biased; creates a new focus for disputing parents; renders a poor estimate of parents’ contributions to their child's best interests; overlooks parents’ intangible, yet significant, contributions to their child's well‐being; and miscalculates the essence of how a child experiences the family. A preferable alternative is a better defined, contemporary best interests standard that accommodates new knowledge and reforms that encourage nonadversarial, individualized resolutions of custody disputes.     

工业化中后期苏南地区产业升级的路径选择

在工业化的初始阶段,苏南地区主要依靠要素、投资驱动产业升级.进入21世纪以来,这种高投入、高消耗的产业升级路径,使其进一步发展面临巨大的挑战.借鉴日本和韩国等国相关的做法和经验,处于工业化中后期的苏南地区必须以科技创新引领产业升级.其基本路径是:加大科技人才的培养引进力度,突出企业科技创新的主体地位,努力营造科技创新的机制环境,积极推进国际技术的转移与合作,大力促进产业的企业区域集中,加快传统优势产业的高新技术改造.     

我国侦、控、审关系的五大误区及校正

通过比较研究与理论剖析,关于我国的侦、控、审关系,我们发现存在着五大误区应予校正:侦、审之间应该是二元化的配合制约关系而非互相配合制约关系或无关系,侦、控之间应该是配合关系而非制约关系,控、审之间应该是制约关系而非配合关系,整体结构应以审判为中心而非侦查为中心,应该是共时性的诉讼结构而非历时性的工序结构。     

教育公平面临的现状及对策分析

教育是“培养新生一代准备从事社会生活的整个过程”。受教育是宪法赋予每个公民的权利,但是,还有相当一部分应该接受教育的人群因为诸多因素的影响而不能受到比较系统的教育。教育的不公平不仅拉大了社会成员之间的距离,也不利于社会的稳定和发展。为此,亟需制定相应的对策促进教育公平。     

试论我国的关税强制措施及其完善

关税强制措施作为我国海关对纳税义务人所采取的具体行政行为,是保障关税顺利征收的重要手段。但是,我国现行的关税强制措施无论是法律定位还是实践运用都较薄弱。因此,对我国《海关法》进行修改与完善,规范与调整现行关税强制措施,尽快出台一部《海关实施关税强制措施管理办法》迫在眉睫。