Between regulatory field structuring and organizational roles: Intermediation in the field of sustainable urban development

Recent contributions in the domains of governance and regulation elucidate the importance of rule‐intermediation (RI), the role that organizations adopt to bridge actors with regulatory or “rulemaking” roles and those with target or “rule‐taking” roles. Intermediation not only enables the diffusion and translation of regulatory norms, but also allows for the representation of different actors in policymaking arenas. While prior studies have explored the roles that such RIs adopt to facilitate their intermediation functions, we have yet to consider how field‐level structuring processes influence (and are influenced by) the various and changing roles adopted by RI. In this study we focus on the mutually constitutive relations between field‐level change processes and the evolving roles of RIs by studying the rise of the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI)/Local Governments for Sustainability, an RI serving as a bridge for sustainable urban development policies between the United Nations and local authorities. Using ICLEI as an illustrative case, we theorize four different processes of regulatory field structuration: problematization, role specialization, marketization, and orchestrated decentralization. We discuss their implications for RI roles in the field and further theorize the changing dynamics of trickle‐up intermediation processes as an RI gains power and influence.     

人类社会发展机制研究

社会发展是社会有机体各构成要素、各组成部分之间所发生的不以人的主观意志为转移的相互联系、相互制约、相互作用的矛盾运动。推动社会发展的主体和享有社会发展成果的主体是人民群众。人类社会发展的最佳状态是和谐发展,人人共享社会发展成果与人的全面发展是社会和谐的前提。     

科学权威的哲学解读

科学权威是科学共同体中拥有最高承认程度的阶层,是整个共同体评价系统的中坚和核心。科学权威作为一种历史现象,一方面对科学发展有积极的促进作用,另一方面由于时代的局限及个人修养等原因,也存在一些消极影响。因此,客观公正地分析科学权威的积极作用及其消极影响并寻求应对之策,无疑对科学的研究和发展具有重要的理论意义与实践意义。     

化解群体性事件的法律思考

近年来,群体性事件日益增多,规模也有扩大趋势,在一定程度上影响了社会稳定。诱发群体性事件的主要因素是,公民认为自己的合法权益受到侵害时缺乏有效的救济渠道。为了维护公民的合法权益,创建一个更加和谐的社会,化解群体性事件应从以下几方面入手：一是扩大公民政治参与,让其充分表达自身的利益诉求;二是政府要依法行政,实现社会公平正义;三是确保司法公正,强化司法权威;四是公民应依法行事,理性对待群体性事件。     

权利社会理论与社会“弱势化”心态矫正

社会＂弱势化＂心态是当前社会转型期值得警惕的社会问题,其本质问题是社会权利贫困问题。权利贫困决定了社会利益分配的不平衡,加剧社会分化和社会结构失衡,从而引发不同社会群体之间的对立和冲突,妨碍经济发展和社会稳定。为此,必须适时着手赋权社会的改革,使社会弱势群体获得更多的生存、发展、医疗、教育和文化等社会权利,获得和分享更多的改革开放的成果,以权利同质和机会均等实现包容发展。     

加快城镇化建设,着力推动少数民族发展

城镇化是指人类生产和生活方式由乡村型向城市型转化的历史进程,表现为乡村人口向城市人口转化以及城市不断发展和完善的过程。城镇化是人类由农业经济类型向工业经济类型转变的必然产物。在城镇化过程中,少数民族的发展遇到了生产方式和生活方式的转变,以及职业技能培训的缺失。加快城镇化建设可以推动少数民族生产方式、生活方式的转变,可以有效地提升少数民族的人力资本,可以有效地保护资源和环境。城镇化的重点是创造农村人口进得来、留得住的环境,把农民变市民。必须加大中学后职业技能教育培训,注重民族文化的保护、传承与创新,消除城镇化建设的体制和政策障碍。     

中国共产党90年来探索解决民族问题发展道路探析

理论创新是实践的必然要求,中国共产党90年来不断把马列主义民族理论创造性地运用于解决中国民族问题的实践,制定了符合中国国情的民族政策,开展了卓有成效的民族工作,促进了中国民族问题的解决,丰富和发展了马列主义民族理论。新世纪新阶段,民族工作面临机遇与挑战,我们要在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央领导下,紧扣各民族共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展的民族工作主题,努力探索解决民族问题的新途径,促进各民族的团结和发展繁荣。     

隐名出资的类型重释与规范构造——基于对契约法思维的反思

隐名出资的股权状态,不同于“出资人—股权—公司”的传统认定结构,涉及对内对外多重法律关系。现有相关规定深受契约法思维定式的影响,忽视了公司的程式地位,不仅使得股东认定标准在司法实践中存在摇摆,而且严重困扰隐名出资的制度定型。从组织法视域出发,隐名出资可分为“借名取利型”和“借名经营型”两种类型,基于此,能够在公司程式运行、股权争议状态、善意取得等环节合理划定各主体间的关系,完成隐名出资的完整应用。此二元类型的划分以“行权”作为核心要素,从公司关系角度分析“名实分离”的两个主体与公司之间的关系,通过重点识别实际出资人在组织法中的规范位置,实现对隐名出资的理论解读。     

RemoteForensicCSI: Enriching teaching,training and learning through networking and timely CPD

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about rapid, transformational change to pedagogic practice on a global scale. During this time, educators across all levels needed to significantly broaden and upskill their digital skills and competence to instantaneously turn face-2-face content into remote, online provision, particularly during periods of national lockdown. Whilst there was significant e-content available in some subject domains, there were limited e-resources available to those working within the criminal justice sector. The #RemoteForensicCSI network was established in attempts to fill this gap and support both practitioner and learner transition within further and higher education and industry.This article evaluates the value and impact that the #RemoteForensicCSI initiative had on the personal development of network participants, their peers and learners, whilst considering, reflecting on and recommending how remote delivery may influence the future of teaching, training and learning within education and the wider criminal justice sector.     

Unravelling the ‘devolution paradox’: Citizen preferences for self-rule and for shared rule

Recent survey research has revealed a ‘devolution paradox’: some citizens who favour stronger regional governments inconsistently desire policy uniformity across regions and state-wide intervention in policy provision. It is argued and empirically shown that preferences for regional authority can be broken down into preferences for self-rule – that is, for autonomy for the region – and for shared rule – that is, for collaboration between regional and national governments. Drawing upon the International Constitutional Values Survey, which includes 4,930 respondents from 142 regions in eight countries, it is also shown that preferences for self-rule and shared rule have different impacts. Preferences for self-rule translate into a preference for regional reform that strengthens regional autonomy, whereas preferences for shared rule drive preferences for fiscal transfers from richer to poorer regions. These results are important because they can explain why citizens who are in favour of more regional authority may support an apparently ‘paradoxical’ set of policy outcomes.