An examination of implicit theories among francophone child molesters

Abstract

According to Ward (2000), cognitive distortions emerge from “implicit theories” (ITs). Ward and Keenan (1999) established a typology of the ITs of child molesters in which they classified existing knowledge on their cognitive distortions into five categories: “entitlement”, “nature of harm”, “uncontrollability”, “child as sexual being” and “dangerous world”. The purpose of this research was to examine whether the cognitive distortions of child molesters are encapsulated fully by these five categories of ITs. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 convicted francophone child molesters and their cognitive distortions were analysed. Results indicate that six ITs were present in this sample. “Entitlement”, “nature of harm” and “uncontrollability” were identical to those of Ward and Keenan. “Child as sexual being” and “dangerous world” were present, but varied from their original versions. A new IT emerged, which we called “child as partner”. We discuss these findings in comparison to their original versions.     

马克思主义中国化的基本经验再认识

九十多年来我党推进马克思主义中国化的基本经验为：实事求是是其重要前提,解决中国革命和社会主义建设的实际问题是其目标,理论创新是其动力,＂从群众中来,到群众中去＂是其有效方法,民族的科学的大众的文化是其载体,党的建设是其主体条件。     

论西方就业理论对解决我国就业问题的启示

就业问题是关系国计民生的重要问题。西方就业理论经过长期发展，已形成较为科学的体系，虽然其观点不尽相同，但各有其合理性。我们应从我国的实际情况出发，有选择地借鉴西方的就业理论及政策，采取积极稳妥的措施，尽快解决我国的就业问题。     

THE SOCIAL SOURCES OF AMERICANS' PUNITIVENESS: A TEST OF THREE COMPETING MODELS*

The sustained movement to “get tough” on crime, especially through mass imprisonment, has prompted several prominent efforts to explain the public's harshness toward crime. From the extant literature, we demarcate the following three competing theories of public punitiveness: the escalating crime-distrust model, the moral decline model, and the racial animus model. Controlling for other known predictors of crime-related opinions, we test the explanatory power of these perspectives to account for support for the death penalty and for a punitive crime-control approach. Our analysis of a national sample of respondents surveyed in the 2000 National Election Study reveals partial support for each model. Racial animus, however, seems to exert the most consistent effect on public sentiments. This finding suggests that racial resentments are inextricably entwined in public punitiveness and thus should be incorporated into any complete theory of this phenomenon.     

改革开放的历史进程和启示

30年改革开放的进程可以划分为三个阶段，即改革开放的起步和全面展开的阶段、改革开放以建立社会主义市场经济为主线深入发展的阶段和改革开放沿着科学发展道路继续推进的阶段。事实雄辩地证明，改革开放是决定当代中国命运的关键抉择，是发展中国特色社会主义、实现中华民族伟大复兴的必由之路。改革开放以来，我们也遇到了很多新的问题和新的困难，人民群众对目前的社会状况也有不满意之处。所有这些，都要认真加以解决。但不能因此而否定改革开放的必要性。改革开放对我们的最大启示，就是十七大报告指出的，改革开放以来我们取得的一切成绩和进步的根本原因，归结起来就是：开辟了中国特色社会主义道路，形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系。     

学习中国特色社会主义理论体系重在领会其精神实质

中国特色社会主义理论体系的精神实质就是中国特色社会主义理论体系一系列观点、主张所体现出的最根本的精神，是中国特色社会主义理论体系的灵魂、精髓、真意。可从宏观和微观两个层次来把握中国特色社会主义理论体系的精神实质。     

伦理人概念对民法体系构造的影响——民法体系的基因解码之一

在德国古典自然法中,人被视为具备理智与意志的伦理人,他是伦理与法律上的主体。普芬道夫与沃尔夫从伦理人概念中推导出自然权利义务理论体系。德国民法学对该理论体系予以批判性地吸收,从而形成古典私权一般理论。权利开始成为民法学的核心范畴,以之为逻辑主线,民法素材被重新整合为一个与传统的法学阶梯式体系迥然有别的潘得克吞式体系。民法体系由此发生基因突变。历史经验表明,民法体系植根于民法学理传统。我国民法典应采用潘得克吞式体系,并对其作必要的改进。     

"人格说"在文学理论中的现代性转化

近代中国思想虽然以反传统为其主要特色,但由于其在社会、历史方面的复杂的现代性转型,传统思维在其中仍然扮演着错综复杂的角色。梁启超、王国维的思想涉及到这一传承的系谱、内在理路和外在环境,落实到人格说的现代性转化这一重要的契机上,他们从不同维度对传统资源进行深入而广泛的扬弃。     

EARNEST A. HOOTON AND THE BIOLOGICAL TRADITION IN AMERICAN CRIMINOLOGY*

Biological explanations shaped criminology at its inception, and today they are reemerging with fresh vigor and increased potential. But many criminologists do not understand how biological theories developed, what they contributed to criminology generally and where they went astray. This paper focuses on the work of Earnest A. Hooton, whose criminological studies, published in 1939, met with decidedly mixed reviews but were nonetheless discussed for decades in criminological textbooks. Information about a now half‐forgotten and misunderstood figure like Hooton, in addition to being useful in and of itself, contributes to the history of criminology as a discipline—a project essential to the field's ultimate maturity. It helps build a history of criminological knowledge.     

基于心理语言学理论的大学英语听力教学探讨

文章从心理语言学角度出发，分析听力理解过程中的心理语言模式和心理过程，并结合教学实践提出了听前准备，听大意，听细节，口头复述，全文听写的教学模式。