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81.
Survival analysis: A survey   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This paper is a survey of statistical methods used to analyze the length of time until a specified event occurs. These models have often been used to analyze the survival times (i.e., time until death) of medical patients, and so the term survival analysis is natural. In criminology, the main application of these models has been to analyze the time until recidivism, but many other applications are possible. The paper summarizes the statistical literature on survival analysis, and describes its applications in criminology. The methods are illustrated by an application to the prediction of time until recidivism for a sample of North Carolina prison releasees.  相似文献   
82.
Abstract: A new screening method for detecting gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in drink matrices, using the IonSense, Inc. (Saugus, MA) direct analysis in real time (DART) ion source coupled to a JEOL exact mass time-of-flight mass spectrometer (AccuTOF), was validated and compared with the current screening methodology. The DART ion source allows for analysis of samples under ambient conditions with little to no sample preparation. Fifty drink specimens were spiked at levels of 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/mL GHB, and analyzed on the AccuTOF-DART. Positive detection of GHB occurred for each of the samples at each concentration level, giving 100% accuracy for the samples tested. Twenty-five of the 50 drink specimens were spiked at 1 mg/mL GHB and tested using a color test known as the GHB Color Test #3. Only two of these 25 specimens tested positive for the presence of GHB, giving only 8% accuracy. Implementation of this new methodology as a screening tool for GHB analysis will quickly eliminate negative specimens allowing the examiner to focus analysis time on those that screened positive.  相似文献   
83.
Researchers are frequently interested in estimating the elapsed time until the occurrence of an event, such as an arrest following release from prison, dissolution of a marriage, and death following the onset of a disease. Estimation is often hindered by the occurrence of a competing event, which prevents the event of interest from being observed, and by limited follow-up periods. A parametric procedure developed in this paper is suitable for dealing with nonrepeatable competing events when the events are correlated and when independent righthand censoring also exists. Weak distributional assumptions are accommodated by using a Box-Cox transformation and by explicit modeling of heteroscedasticity. The procedure is applied to data pertaining to failure on probabation and parole.  相似文献   
84.
马克思主义时代化的路径探析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
时代性是马克思主义的本质属性。作为不断发展的理论,马克思主义的每一次历史性飞跃,都带有深刻的时代烙印,都是马克思、恩格斯、列宁、毛泽东、邓小平等马克思主义者在马克思主义基本原理的指导下精细考察时代特征、准确把握时代脉搏、深刻洞察时代趋势的基础上,把对马克思主义的"文本解读"与对各个历史时期的"时代解读"相结合,不断实现马克思主义时代化的过程。"文本解读"与"时代解读"相结合,是实现马克思主义时代化的根本途径。  相似文献   
85.
学术研究有其存在的历史境域。对一个学科而言,只有在贴合具体的历史境域下讨论该学科的学术研究,讨论该学科的发展方向时才具有意义。从我国历史上看,宪法学研究从清末开始,到现在已有100多年,无论其几经沧海桑田,但它之所以可以沿称到现在,自有它自立的关切方法、问题和理论体系。中国宪法研究的中国性问题,不仅涉及宪法学在中国的时间性差别问题,也涉及其地域性差别问题。  相似文献   
86.
科学发展观是发展观演化的新阶段和新高度,以科学发展观为指导,对实现学生社团的全面、协调、可持续发展具有重要意义。文章阐述了学生社团科学发展“以人为本”的内涵及其五大基本特征,提出了推动学生社团科学发展的策略。  相似文献   
87.
中国工人阶级具有崇高的理想抱负、远大的政治眼光、开拓进取的生命特质和勇于变革的时代精神,并以"大公无私、舍己为人"的品行信仰;"厚德载物,安贫乐道"的高尚情操;"开拓创新、自强不息"时代需求;"迎难而上、坚忍不拔"的拼搏意识;"信念坚定、立场鲜明"的理想气节;"艰苦奋斗、勇于奉献"的精神气质;"胸怀大局、纪律严明"的历史传统;"埋头苦干、爱岗敬业"的道德风貌而始终洋溢着工人阶级伟大品格的时代风范。  相似文献   
88.
The testing of oral fluid for drugs of abuse has increased significantly over recent years and is now commonplace in drug rehabilitation clinics, the workplace, prisons and custody suites. The global problem of identifying drugged drivers has also led to an increase in oral fluid testing at the roadside. The main requirements for the implementation of roadside drug testing are a rapid sample collection time, collection of a known sample volume and recovery of drugs from the collection device. We report here the development of the Cozart® DDS oral fluid collector, an oral fluid collector that combines rapid and adequate sample collection with satisfactory drug recovery. Oral fluid was collected from drug users (n = 134) and drug-free individuals (n = 137), using the Cozart® DDS oral fluid collector. The mean time for the completion of collection (full coloration of the sample presence indicator) was 34 s for drug-free individuals and 44 s for drug users. The average volume collected was 0.34 mL (n = 271). No chemical stimulant (to induce salivation) was used to achieve the collection times observed in either the drug-free or the drug-taking sample populations. Drugs were extracted from the collector using the Cozart® DDS buffer and drug recovery was determined by Cozart® enzyme immunoassays. The recovery studies showed that for amphetamine, Δ9THC, cocaine, methadone, methamphetamine, morphine and temazepam over 90% of the drug in the sample was eluted from the collector. The Cozart® DDS oral fluid collector provides a reliable mechanism for the collection of oral fluid at the roadside that achieves the rapid collection times required.  相似文献   
89.
本文分析了转型时期制约行政监督效能提升的五个主体因素,即效能理念、专业人才、策略运用、资源建设和有效管理,在此基础上对转型时期如何提升行政监督效能提出了相应的对策。  相似文献   
90.
以人为本的科学发展观,提升了中国人权事业全面发展的新境界,深化了中国人权事业全面发展的新内涵,指明了中国人权事业全面发展的新思路.  相似文献   
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