不同通信系统下的说话人识别探究

目的研究不同通信系统条件下,利用语音进行说话人识别的基本假设＂个体之间的语音差异大于个体自身的语音变异＂是否成立。方法选择宽带语图差异较大的不同通信系统下语音进行比对及差异的统计。结果发现说话人识别的基本假设在不同通信系统条件下成立。结论得出了不同通信系统条件下进行说话人识别的方法与判阈。     

辅音的声学特征在声纹鉴定中的应用研究

针对汉语普通话辅音的声学特征进行个体特性的声学研究,提取能量集中区、过渡音征、送气辅音的嗓音起始时间值等三种特征参数,以最终确定它们能否作为稳定的个体特征参数在声纹鉴定中应用。     

Role of voice in the legal process*

As communities face unrest and protest because of perceived racial bias and decreased trust and confidence in the criminal justice system, it is critical to explore mechanisms that foster institutional legitimacy. Voice is a central element in the procedural justice framework because it is anticipated to promote process control as well as a shared understanding between institutions and communities. As a concept, however, voice is undertheorized. Measures of voice used in legitimacy research may result in oversimplification of the concept, not fully capturing the struggles disadvantaged people face in trying to exercise influence in the court system. Through the use of rich data from qualitative interviews with youth and families involved in the juvenile justice system and in‐depth observations of juvenile court events, we explore what voice is, the mechanisms through which people try to assert voice, and how voice matters in the legal process. Respondents sought voice for many reasons, including to validate their experiences, to affirm their membership in a community, and to assert concerns about perceived police misconduct. Contrary to traditional conceptualizations of voice as a static event (e.g., having voice or not having voice), voice was a process of negotiating dialogue between court officials and court participants throughout the legal process.     

电视时政新闻报道实证研究三题

本文聚焦于重庆电视媒体的时政新闻报道,从具体业务切入,对其进行了比较系统的实证研究。首先从文化品位的角度。围绕片头、播音员、栏目设计、文字、声音和画面等具体业务,探讨了地方主流电视台的定位。其次针对电视时政新闻报道缺少同期声、缺乏真实性和现场感、违背电视新闻"声画合一"要求的积弊,提出了解决的措施。最后集中阐述了创造电视时政新闻报道精品的具体途径和办法。文章立足于电视时政新闻报道实例基础之上,对电视时政新闻报道业务工作的改进,具有一定的现实指导意义。     

VoIP G.723.1语音算法的优化与实现

提出一种VoIP G.723.1双速率语音算法汇编优化及其DSP实现方法。通过阐述G.723.1信源编码的实现过程,讨论纯C代码在DSP平台上运行速度慢的原因。对关键代码全汇编优化以及优化过程的同步调试,采用该方法的优化结果和预期优化结果基本符合。FIFO环形缓冲区可以实现实时语音播放和IP-Phone,PESQ测试结果表明系统满足VoIP语音的质量要求。     

Preface to Yoshimi Shun'ya's Voice Capitalism

Abstract

This article is a translation of the preface to Voice Capitalism by influential sociologist Yoshimi Shun'ya. The chapter ties together a wealth of discourse on the meaning of sound to society and to the individual, and its evolving role as a means of expression and connection to our environments. Yoshimi walks us through Nagai Kafū's reverence for tangible sound, R. Murray Schafer's schizophonic soundscapes, Marshal McLuhan's essays on the impact of the advent of sound recordings and electronic voices, Glenn Gould's theories on the blurring borders between musical performer and audience – amongst numerous other topics and writers.     

Predictors of Level of Voice in Adolescent Girls: Ethnicity,Attachment, and Gender Role Socialization

The current study empirically examined predictors of level of voice (ethnicity, attachment, and gender role socialization) in a diverse sample of 108 14-year-old girls. Structural equation modeling results indicated that parental attachment predicted level of voice with authority figures, and gender role socialization predicted level of voice with authority figures and peers. Both masculinity and femininity were salient for higher levels of voice with authority figures whereas higher scores on masculinity contributed to higher levels of voice with peers. These findings suggest that, contrary to previous theoretical work, femininity itself is not a risk factor for low levels of voice. In addition, African-American girls had higher levels of voice with teachers and classmates than did Caucasian girls, and girls who were in a school with a greater concentration of ethnic minorities had higher levels of voice with peers than did girls at a school with fewer minority students.

The Accuracy of Auditors' and Layered Voice Analysis (LVA) Operators' Judgments of Truth and Deception During Police Questioning*

The purpose of this study was to determine if auditors could identify truthful and deceptive persons in a sample (n = 74) of audio recordings used to assess the effectiveness of layered voice analysis (LVA). The LVA employs an automated algorithm to detect deception, but it was not effective here. There were 31 truthful and 43 deceptive persons in the sample and two LVA operators averaged 48% correct decisions on truth‐tellers and 25% on deceivers. Subsequent to the LVA analysis the recordings were audited by three interviewers, each independently rendering a decision of truthful or deceptive and indicating their confidence. Auditors' judgments averaged 68% correct decisions on truth‐tellers and 71% on deceivers. Auditors' detection rates, generally, exceeded chance and there was significantly (p < 0.05) greater confidence on correct than incorrect judgments of deceivers but not on truth‐tellers. These results suggest that the success reported for LVA analysis may be due to operator's judgment.     

声纹鉴定中普通话音素间过渡方式特征研究

不同人所讲的普通话语流中相邻音素间的过渡方式分为不同的类型.音节内辅音-元音之间、音节间元音-辅音之间的过渡方式分为清晰过渡(或停顿过渡)和模糊过渡(或缓冲过渡)两种类型;音节内元音-辅音之间的过渡方式分为间断过渡和连续过渡两种类型;音节内元音-元音之间的过渡方式分为平滑过渡、间断过渡、交错过渡和异变过渡四种类型.对同...     

从话者识别角度认识山西汾城方言的紧喉音节

目的明确山西汾城方言紧喉音节与对应普通话音节在司法话者识别时的可比性及该紧喉音的声学特性。方法利用VS-99语音工作站对山西汾城方言紧喉音节及对应普通话音节的韵律特性、音质特性等声学特性进行定性与定量分析。结果得出了汾城方言紧喉音的发声态主要为嘎裂声,汾城方言紧喉音对声母没有明显影响,紧喉音韵母与普通话韵母在共振峰频率上的一致性要远高于共振峰相对强度上的一致性等认识。结论为在汾城方言与普通话之间进行司法话者识别以及田野调查提供了依据。