自闭症儿童康复救助的现状和改革思路

自闭症发病率越来越高,而目前没有很好的治疗方法,需要终身养护。自闭症儿童康复费用较高,给社会和家庭带来了巨大的经济和精神负担。文中针对目前自闭症儿童康复救助存在的问题,提出了建立自闭症儿童康复救助体系的思路,以期改变自闭症儿童康复的现状。     

谈以美育人

儿童是祖国的花朵,是祖国的未来和希望。民间有一句谚语:“发不发,看娃娃”。意思是说小至一个家庭能否发家致富,大至一个国家能否发达富强,都要看娃娃能否茁壮成长。用今天的热     

“网络化”拐卖妇女儿童犯罪及其侦查对策

近年来拐卖妇女、儿童犯罪在中国逐步向着高级化、智能化方向发展,至今已形成"网络化"的新形态.其犯罪团伙内部的组织结构极其复杂,各联系人的关系千头万绪,很难整体上把握其规律特点,打击"网络化"的拐卖犯罪需要侦查实战部门采取"网络化"的侦查方式.     

论学前儿童音乐审美经验的建构

学前儿童具有先天的音乐能力。这是人类音乐性的体现,是人类的一种生存本能和由音乐经验积淀而形成的集体无意识。以此为前提,学前儿童能够通过与音乐作品的互动来建构审美经验。从感知到音乐文本的存在开始,学前儿童以一种主动的态度去理解、阐释音乐,并将所获得的音乐体验内化、再建构,从而形成对某一作品的我自己的审美经验。其后,学前儿童将此经验迁移以形成良好的音乐审美判断和鉴赏能力。在这一过程中,听觉与动觉的相互转换占主导地位。学前儿童音乐审美经验的建构是存在于幼儿、作曲家、社会之间的一种多重交互行为,其结果是建立一种共享体验。     

关于流动儿童群体的研究综述

本文从社会学的角度出发,通过对我国流动儿童社会学研究方面的文章进行梳理,简述了不同时期的研究特点,概括了我国学者从社会化、社会融合,社会排斥、社会资本等视角的相关研究内容,并进行了述评。     

Foster children＇s right to family： A description and analysis of the legislative approach in Sweden

This paper emphasizes the foster children＇s right to family life and investigates whether change of custody and guardianship to foster parents is a successful option to achieve this right. Using CRC as the base for my definition of the right to family I will include the right to continuity, well-being and a family environment in the understanding of the term ＂right to family＂ in this article. These rights may, primarily, be fulfilled by the child＇s parents, and, if necessary for the best interest of the child, be complemented or substituted by foster or adoption parents. The analysis of different solutions concerning state interventions will base on Swedish law. In Sweden, a child in need of help or assistance as a result of abuse, neglect, or other inappropriate behavior in the home setting may be helped by the Social Welfare Committee-voluntarily or by a court order-in the child＇s home or a foster home. Other alternatives contain judicial involvement by changing custody and guardianship or making a decision for adoption. Since many years ago, the most commonly used alternative for children needing long term placements outside their homes in Sweden has become foster care. This development of many long-term placements has been criticized for not fulfilling the needs of the children, especially their needs for family continuity, stability and well-being. As a consequence, an amendment to the Social Services Act 200l was enacted in 2003 which states that the Social Services Committee shall consider the ＂permanence＂ of foster care by changing custody and guardianship to the foster parents three years later since a child starts in foster care, and every six months thereafter, as long as the child remains in the foster parents＇ care. Assuming that the foster parents are fit and willing to become custodians and guardians, and the child views the foster home as his or her home, the District Court can decide to change the custody and the guardianship to the foster parents. The assessment is to be based solely on the best interest of the child, and not on the fitness or wishes of the original custodian. However, can changing the custody and guardianship assist foster children＇s right to family？ This paper elaborates on this question by describing a legal reform in Sweden.     

禁止体罚儿童的国际法律规定与国内法律实施——以家庭内体罚儿童为视角

普遍存在的体罚儿童现象随着国际社会对儿童权利的关注逐渐进入人们的视野,特别是家庭内部的儿童体罚问题也开始受到关注。近年来,禁止一切形式的儿童体罚的观念逐渐被越来越多的国家所接受。探析儿童体罚问题的原因和危害,从国际人权文件和我国国内法律体系中寻找家庭内部禁止体罚儿童的依据,以类型化分析的方法比较世界各国保护儿童的立法例及其进展,借鉴外国禁止体罚的立法实践,针对我国在禁止家庭内体罚儿童中存在的种种问题,提出若干改进方向,以求尽快达到禁止体罚儿童的国际人权法律标准、不断改善国内儿童权利保护状况十分必要。     

嫖宿幼女罪的存废之争

嫖宿幼女罪自从被刑法典单独规定为一项罪名起,就一直受到理论界对其存废的争论,实践中的很多案件也因为嫖宿幼女罪的存在而备受争议。本文汇总了目前对嫖宿幼女罪存废之争的多种观点及修改建议,分析中国古代和国外对于类似行为的规定,总结出该问题存在的几个关键点并在此基础上提出了完善的建议,其中包括与有些学者一致的解释性解决办法,如依据法条竞合理论实现罪刑均衡;也包括最终通过修改法律进行完善的几点建议:取消嫖宿的使用,改为以支付报酬或允诺支付报酬为手段的奸淫行为;将幼男纳入性犯罪保护对象,将幼女改为儿童;将此类犯罪行为移至刑法典第四章,与强奸罪规定于同一法条之中,明确该类行为的法定刑,即不是单纯的五年以上十五年以下有期徒刑,而是也可以适用强奸罪中的加重法定刑;根据被害人的年龄区分犯罪行为人的法定刑幅度,将需要保护的未成年人的年龄提高到十八周岁。     

论性侵害犯罪中受害儿童的权益保护

性侵害犯罪给受害儿童带来巨大的身心创伤.传统的刑事司法缺乏专业办案人员、及时的心理治疗和应有的国家补偿,受害儿童容易遭受二度的伤害.我国应当借鉴境外的司法制度,确立国家补偿机制,制定针对未成年被害人的办案规则,建立专家参与制或成人陪同制,设立被害人服务机构,为受害儿童提供全方位的保障.     

社会转型期农村留守儿童安全问题探析

农村留守儿童作为社会中的边缘群体,具有有别于其他青少年群体的特征,他们在成长过程中面临着诸多安全问题。近年来,农村留守儿童安全事故频发,这些隐患应引起社会各界及相关部门的广泛关注。社会、学校、家庭都有义务采取措施,确保农村留守儿童的安全。