Adolescent observers of marital violence

The relationship between observation of marital violence and adolescent behavior and adjustment was studied. One hundred and one predominantly white 13- to 18-year-olds from four residential treatment agencies and one youth shelter were interviewed. Approximately half reported witnessing marital violence and were compared with those not exposed to interparental violence with respect to depression, running away, use of violence toward parents, and approval and use of violence toward dating partners. Substantial numbers reported being depressed, running away, hitting their parents, and hitting and being hit by dating partners. However, the findings indicated only a modest effect of witnessing interparental violence, which was mediated by gender. Males exposed to spousal abuse were significantly more likely to have run away, report suicidal thoughts, and somewhat more likely to hit their mothers as compared to nonobservers. Witnessing marital violence was unrelated to females' behavior or well-being.     

家庭冷暴力的法律规制

家庭冷暴力属于精神暴力,它是与身体暴力、性暴力并存的家庭暴力形式。目前,我国在防治家庭冷暴力方面存在如立法缺失、司法界定难、追究法律责任难等诸多困境。因此,应尽快出台《家庭暴力防治法》,明确家庭冷暴力的法律责任,实行举证责任倒置原则,扩大证据形式,赋予受害人精神损害赔偿的权利,不断完善我国家庭立法,进而保护受害者的合法权益。     

试论驰名商标权的滥用及解决途径

驰名商标已日益为人们所关注,人们对驰名商标的保护意识也不断增强.然而,对驰名商标的特殊保护往往会助长商标权所有人对其所拥有的权利的滥用,驰名商标滥用的实质是商标所有人损害他人和公众的合法权益的一种不正当竞争.目前,我国对驰名商标权利滥用的立法规制亟待加强.     

论警察执法过程中的自由裁量权

警察行政自由裁量权作为警察权中一种具有特殊地位的行政管理权,有其存在的客观必然性。警察自由裁量权有许多积极方面的贡献和价值,但在警察自由裁量权行使的过程中,也存在着滥用、乱用和私用行政自由裁量权的问题？因此,在保证警察自由裁量权的同时,如何对其进行必要的控制便显得尤为重要。应针对目前我国警察自由裁量权使用的现状以及行使过程中存在的问题．提出相应的规范建议,从立法、司法、行政三个方面做出具体的规范要求,以期使警察自由裁量权在法制规范的前提下,发挥更好的作用,     

食品监管渎职罪的认定及适用

重大食品安全事故频频发生,许多案件触目惊心,人民群众的生命和健康安全受到极大威胁,社会危害极其严重。导致这种现象的原因很多,但不可否认的是,食品安全领域的渎职行为是不容忽视的一个重要因素。     

辅助生殖技术的刑法学审视

随着辅助生殖技术的发展与应用,滥用辅助生殖技术行为的社会危害性日益凸显,并已引发了一系列社会、伦理、道德及法律等方面的问题。但是,现行的刑事制裁体系对于滥用辅助生殖技术行为却存在着严重的立法滞后和司法缺失。传统刑法既要运用合理解释对滥用辅助生殖技术行为予以规制,更要考虑将此行为予以入罪。     

Battle Against Antibiotics

正In spite of tough measures,the overuse of antibiotics in China is still rampant Since penicillin was invented in 1928,antibiotics have spread rapidly around the world.In China,antibiotics are commonly referred to by another name—medicine to diminish inflammation.     

Indians are drunks and drunks are Indians: alcohol and indigenismo in Guatemala, 1890–1940

This article explores the ways in which the use of alcohol articulated with the discourse of indigenismo in Guatemala between the late 1890s and the late 1930s. In the first decades of the twentieth century, the public language of alcoholism merged with that of indigenismo. By the early 1930s, during presidency of Jorge Ubico (1931–1944), the theoretical conflation of alcoholism and indigenismo was fully evolved, providing a seamless paradigm for those who would place the credited Guatemala's‘drunken’and‘racially degenerate’indigenous majority with the nation's underdevelopment. The article utilises indigenista literature, newspapers, contemporary legislation and judicial records on the alcohol contraband trade and drunkenness to construct this argument.     

The Role of Community in Facilitating Service Utilization

SUMMARY

Guided by an integrated theory of parent participation, this study examines the role community characteristics play in influencing a parent's decision to use voluntary child abuse prevention programs. Multiple regression techniques were used to determine if different community characteristics, such as neighborhood distress and the community's ratio of caregivers to those in need of care, predict service utilization levels in a widely available home visiting program. Our findings suggest that certain community characteristics are significant predictors of the extent to which families utilize voluntary family supports over and above the proportion of variance explained by personal characteristics and program experiences. Contrary to our initial assumptions, however, new parents living in the most disorganized communities received more home visits than program participants living in more organized communities. The article concludes with recommendations on how community capacity building might be used to improve participant retention.     

Loperamide as a Potential Drug of Abuse and Misuse: Fatal Overdoses at the Medical University of South Carolina

Loperamide is an over‐the‐counter, μ‐opioid receptor agonist commonly used as an antidiarrheal agent. Loperamide was thought to have minimal abuse potential due to its low bioavailability and limited central nervous system activity; however, there have been increasing reports of loperamide misuse in supratherapeutic doses to achieve euphoria and/or avoid opioid withdrawal. A literature review suggests a rise in loperamide abuse was inevitable, with substantial increases in reported cases over the last decade. Five fatal cases of toxic medication use where loperamide was listed as a primary or contributory cause of death were identified at the Medical University of South Carolina. The characteristic autopsy demographics and findings are described, and the mechanisms of abuse and toxicity of loperamide are reviewed. Loperamide overdoses are a growing concern from both a forensic and clinical standpoint, and the frequency of reported cases will likely increase as awareness grows within the medical and toxicological communities.