The Effects of Majoring in Political Science on Political Efficacy

This study tests, and finds support, for the hypotheses that a student who majors in political science will have stronger feelings of political competence and will be more willing to engage in hypothetical political actions than two peer groups: (a) those who major in other fields and (b) those who show an interest in politics but have not studied it. In a study of 1,083 undergraduates at two different universities, we find that senior political science majors have higher feelings of internal political efficacy than comparison groups and are more willing than their peers or than interested freshmen to say that they would engage in meaningful political action, especially joining organized groups.     

中国人力资源测评研究与应用趋势

我国人力资源测评事业虽然有着良好的发展势头,但仍然存在着诸多问题, 这些问题对政府部门如何正确引导和规范人力资源测评提出了更高的要求。在人力资源测评的研究趋势上具有方向的中国化、模式的多元化、技术的综合化、方法的信息化和内容的人性化;在人力资源测评的应用实践中,应用领域从企业深入到政府部门、应用对象个体和群体相结合、应用内涵兼顾人员特征和岗位特征、评价方法定性与定量并重、结果解释综合维度测评和任务测评、专业人员队伍培养与认证并举、完善产权保护,建立良性资本效益模式。     

Validity and reliability of the Self-Report Delinquency among a sample of at-risk youths

Self-Report Delinquency scales have formed the basis of much understanding of juvenile delinquency today, but further improvement and extensive measurement research on self-report measures of crime are needed. The present study examined the psychometric properties of the shorter general delinquency scale version of the classic commonly used Self-Report of Delinquency (SRD) measure created for the original National Youth Survey (NYS) using a sample (N = 412) of male (n = 200) and female (n = 212) at-risk Portuguese youths. The shorter version of the SRD demonstrated satisfactory validity and reliability, namely in terms of its latent one-factor structure, internal consistency, convergent validity, divergent validity, concurrent criterion validity and discriminant groups validity that overall justifies its use among this population. The shorter general delinquency scale version of the SRD is a valid and reliable measure from a modern psychometric perspective that can be used with at-risk youths.     

Single-item predictive validity of the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START) for violent behaviour in outpatient forensic psychiatry

The single-item predictive validity of the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START) has not been thoroughly investigated, although this has great clinical relevance for the selection of treatment targets. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether the characteristic START additions of scoring strengths next to vulnerabilities and selecting key items, add incremental predictive validity. Finally, predictive validity has primarily been studied in inpatient settings and included mainly patients with a psychotic disorder. We analysed data from a mixed diagnostic sample of 195 forensic psychiatric outpatients with a 3-month and 170 patients with a 6-month follow-up period, using logistic regression analysis. The occurrence of violent or criminal behaviour was established based on the case manager’s recordings in the patient’s file. Only 5 of the 20 START items were found to have predictive validity: Impulse Control, Attitudes, Material Resources, Rule Adherence and Conduct. The last three were the only items for which incremental predictive validity was found with respect to scoring it as a strength and a vulnerability. Selection of key items did not add to the predictive validity. While possibly having therapeutic significance, the scoring of strength next to vulnerability and the selection of key items, may not be beneficial for risk assessment.     

Judges’ Perceptions of Screening,Assessment, Prevention,and Treatment for Substance Use, Mental Health,and HIV among Juveniles on Community Supervision: Results of a National Survey

Juvenile Justice‐Translational Research on Interventions for Adolescents in the Legal System (JJ‐TRIALS) National Survey was funded in part to describe the current status of screening, assessment, prevention and treatment for substance use, mental health, and HIV for youth on community supervision within the US juvenile justice system. Surveys were administered to community supervision agencies and their primary behavioral healthcare providers, as well as the juvenile or family court judge with the largest caseload of youth on community supervision. This article presents the findings from the judges’ survey. Survey results indicated juvenile and family court judges were open to innovations for improving the court's performance, rated their relationships with collaborators highly, and appreciated the impact of screening, assessment, prevention, and treatment on judicial practices.     

城市公共场所大型活动拥挤踩踏事故的风险评估与防控——基于事故机理的分析

城市公共场所大型活动拥挤踩踏事故的发生、发展和演化有其规律性。依据风险理论和事故致因理论,从城市公共场所大型活动拥挤踩踏事故的致因机理及人群运动规律和事故发展演变规律方面分析发现,拥挤踩踏事故风险与场所聚集总人数、现场滞留人数、死亡人数及事故触发因子之间存在一定的函数关系,人群聚集是大型活动事故风险产生和发展演变的根源。应预先了解人群结构,严格控制人群流量与密度,及时疏导拥挤人群,提升人群安全能力,从人群管理方面加强对城市公共场所大型活动拥挤踩踏事故风险的防控。     

Tasmania's Tamar Valley Pulp Mill: A Comparison of Planning Processes Using a Good Environmental Governance Framework

In November 2004, the Tasmanian government requested the state's planning body, the Resource Planning and Development Commission (RPDC), to undertake an evaluation of a proposal to establish a pulp mill at Long Reach near Bell Bay on Tasmania's Tamar Estuary. In early 2007, Gunns Limited, the project's proponent, pulled out of the RPDC process and the government established an alternative, ‘fast‐track’ process under the Pulp Mill Assessment Act (PMAA). This article evaluates the RPDC and the PMAA assessment processes using a ‘good environmental governance’ framework composed of eight criteria – transparency, accountability, openness, balance, deliberation, efficiency, science and risk. The comparison reveals that although the RPDC process fell short of the ideal, it was markedly superior to the PMAA process that replaced it. The case highlights how political economic power can be used to the detriment of public planning and the communities and environment that rely on it.     

论刑法中重复评价的本质及其禁止

犯罪行为的本质是客观上侵犯了刑法所保护的法益,主观上反映出行为人反规范的人格态度。所谓重复评价,表面上是在定罪量刑时对存在论上的同一犯罪行为进行了重复使用,但本质上是对其所反映出来的同一不法内涵和同一罪责内涵进行了重复考量,结果导致重复处罚。禁止重复评价的本质则相应表现为禁止对反映同一不法内涵和同一罪责内涵的同一犯罪行为进行重复使用。     

基于贸易引力模型的广西与越南进出口贸易状况评估分析

中国与东盟国家经贸合作取得丰硕成果,广西与越南进出口贸易在中国与东盟国家贸易往来格局中有着重要的地位和作用。本文运用贸易引力模型方法对广西与越南进出口贸易状况进行实证分析,研究影响因素,抓住问题关键,提出对策建议。中国与东盟国家经贸合作取得丰硕成果,广西与越南进出口贸易在中国与东盟国家贸易往来格局中有着重要的地位和作用。本文运用贸易引力模型方法对广西与越南进出口贸易状况进行实证分析,研究影响因素,抓住问题关键,提出对策建议。