Managing North Sea Pollution Effectively:Linking International and Domestic Institutions

Most pollution problems arise as by-products of domestic activity. The effectiveness of international environmental regimes thus depends on the operations of domestic political and administrative institutions. However, the study of regime effectiveness tends to overlook the operation of domestic institutions as well as the interests and preferences of sub-national non-state actors. In this article, a framework for combining the study of regime effectiveness with domestic institutions and actors is initially presented. The merits of this framework within the context of the North Sea regime is then explored. The article concludes that the effectiveness of this regime depends on the operation of both international and domestic institutions. Of particular importance are those sub-national actors actually causing the problem in the first place as well as domestic institutions influencing the behaviour of target groups.     

南海共同开发制度化：内涵、条件与制约因素

南海共同开发是当今世界的热点问题之一，但目前南海共同开发的现状没有达到中国与有关争端国的期望值。本文以南海共同开发制度化的内涵为逻辑起点，提出南海共同开发制度化的完成，至少需要4个基本条件：南海共同开发逐渐成为强势的区域共识；南海共同开发制度化符合各方利益，经得起利益的考量；南海共同开发的不断实践；南海共同开发的外在压力。但有许多因素阻碍了南海共同开发制度化的进程。南海共同开发制度化还需要很长的路要走。     

渤海溢油事故海洋生态损害赔偿法律问题研究

2011年我国渤海溢油事故引起了社会的强烈关注,尤其对我国海洋环境保护相关法律提出了挑战。在对渤海溢油事故所涉及的"海洋生态损害"的概念界定、责任主体与索赔主体、赔偿范围、索赔额度及评估标准等法律问题进行分析后,还将揭示该溢油事故对我国海洋生态损害赔偿制度的几点启示。     

Sino-Japanese Energy Security and Regional Stability: The Case of the East China Sea Gas Exploration

The Sino-Japanese dispute over the East China Sea maritime resources was triggered by the unsettled maritime boundary and the territorial dispute over the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands. The dispute has been ascribed by many to intensified competition between China and Japan over energy supply. However this article attributes the fundamental cause of the conflict to power politics and political distrust, which are deemed to have the key role in preventing the two governments from finding a solution. The article analyses the origin and the causes responsible for the Sino-Japanese dispute over the East China Sea gas exploration, and then proceeds to investigate the diplomatic dialogues to reveal the key obstacles in the process.

理解南海争端：来自非声索国专家的观点

本文总结了20多位来自非声索国专家在南海问题上的观点。大部分专家认为：应该依据国际法解决南海争端;美国在南海的利益包括商业自由航行、争端和平解决与美国海军搜集情报,在专属经济区内搜集情报活动不违反《公约》;九段线缺乏法律依据,且内涵不清,因而引发其他国家的担心;在南沙海域争端中,多边谈判是现实途径;海峡两岸最好还是各做各的;《南海各方行为宣言》约束力不够,应该尽快制定“南海行为准则”。     

奥巴马政府南海政策特征论析

自2010年"高调介入"南海事务以来,奥巴马政府的南海政策呈现出以下几个特征:其一,从战略高度审视南海事务,将南海问题纳入到"重返亚洲"的战略架构之中;其二,以"维护航行自由"为名,寻求对制海权的掌控;其三,注重"均势"战略的运用,以求在南海形成相互制衡的格局;其四,以"巧实力"外交来实现其南海政策目标;其五,从走势看,日益由前期的模糊处理转向明朗化、强硬化。     

印度尼西亚与南海海上安全机制建设

南海及其邻接周边是海上安全机制云集之地。对印度尼西亚而言,后冷战时期南海争端的凸显时值其谋求并巩固区域大国地位的关键时期。此间印尼逐渐在东南亚安全区域主义中发挥核心作用,即通过安全机制建设通联区域安全秩序内外建构,调处南海争端并建构相应安全机制成为印尼塑造区域安全能力的重要途径。文章通过对印尼独立主持的“处理南中国海潜在冲突研讨会”的案例分析,指出该安全机制对南海争端具有针对性;其形成与运作综合了印尼的国家与区域安全观,是印尼实践安全战略与政策、协调区域主义与大国角色的工具,对南海海上安全机制以及印尼建构区域安全机制起到了协同补充作用。     

越南海洋鱼类捕捞量演变特征及对中国的启示

文章通过对越南1995—2014年海洋渔业数据进行整理,运用GIS空间分析方法,对其沿海地区海洋鱼类捕捞量的演变过程进行研究。结果表明,1995—2014年间,越南海洋捕捞业呈现出迅猛发展的势头,其中北部湾沿岸省份整体增速较快;产量分布的空间差异明显,呈现出平均产量“南高北低”,平均增速“北快南慢”的发展特点;发展重心有所波动,但整体呈现出向北发展的趋势。可以判断,未来在南海地区,尤其是西沙、南沙海域的渔业资源,受到来自越南方面非法捕捞的威胁会逐渐增加,中越在上述地区爆发渔业冲突的可能性在增长。文章最后结合中国海洋渔业发展现状,从渔业合作、渔业执法和深海渔业发展等方面提出了中国的应对之策。     

环渤海区域生态环境及其政策法制协调机制建设

环渤海地区经济的发展带来了一系列生态环境问题,要从根本上解决这些生态环境问题,必须加强政策与法制协调机制建设,建立协调区域关系,完善环渤海区域生态补偿机制。     

Organized transnational crime in the Black Sea Region: a geopolitical dilemma?

States are unique and individual entities. However, geographic proximity, a common history and fate may cause existential threats to have common causes and solutions. To understand how, and why, states experience transnational organized crime as a national security threat differently, it is necessary to learn about the states and the culture of organized crime in the geographic region in which they are embedded. The objective here is to present the Post-Soviet Political Criminal Nexus as a part of the identity of Newly Independent States in the Black Sea Region (Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine) which poses an international security threat and impedes democratic development.