职工集体福利的理论分析与制度建构

构建全体成员各尽其能、各得其所而又和谐相处的社会已经成为未来的奋斗目标,而衡量标准之一就是社会总体福利和成员个体福利的同步增长。历史经验和理论研究已经证明,增进福利的重要使命不能由国家独自承担,多元化的福利供给是构建和谐社会的重要内容。企业是社会主义市场经济的活动主体,也应当和能够参与福利供给,内容之一就是职工集体福利。我国旧的职工福利制度是计划经济和国家福利的产物,必须在理论反思基础上,就职工集体福利的资金筹集、管理机构和供给方式等方面予以制度重构。     

Democracy Beyond Secrecy: Assessing the Promises and Pitfalls of Collective Voting

This paper assesses collective voting as a specific mode of democratic decision‐making and compares it to secret voting. Under collective voting, voters gather in one place and decide by the show of hands. We theorise two potential advantages and two disadvantages of collective voting so defined. We then draw on original survey data from one of the largest polities practising collective voting, the citizen assembly of the Swiss canton of Glarus. We find that both the promises and pitfalls of non‐secret voting are exaggerated. Non‐secret voting’s suspected pitfalls – social pressure and abstention – do not generally materialise in our sample, although for women they do appear to be relevant to some extent. However, the promises of collective voting – enabling cue‐taking and discursive bridging and bonding – are equally realised to a limited extent only.     

试论警察查缉战术意识及其培养

警察查缉活动是一项存在较大潜在危险性的工作。警察查缉活动的特殊性要求警察必须具备良好的战术意识。查缉战术意识包括谋略运用意识、危险评估意识、安全保护意识、角色定位意识、整体配合意识、执法程序意识等。培养和强化警察查缉战术意识,对于提高执法水平、有效打击犯罪、维护社会的长治久安以及有效地保护人身安全等,具有重要的现实意义。     

集体合同履行难原因浅析

通过平等协商签订集体合同是工会维护职工合法权益的重要途径和有效手段,但是履行难的问题已经对集体合同制度的顺利实施构成了很大的障碍。解决这一难题,对维护我国和谐、稳定的劳动关系、实现工会维权职能有重大意义。     

《诗经》的方位词文化

《诗经》中有许多方位词，包含着先民的集体心理。分析《诗经》中出现次数较多的几个方位“东”、“南”、“北”，可以阐释这一集体心理。在《诗经》所体现的先民思维中，“东”与太阳、动态、爱情等联系在一起，“南”与长养、男性、尊贵等联系在一起，“北”则与阴冷、水、忧伤等联系在一起。     

In search of a theoretical approach to the analysis of the ‘Colour revolutions’: Transition studies and discourse theory

The article aims to identify a theoretical framework which would be able to provide explanation for the cases of political mobilization during the ‘Colour revolutions’ in Georgia, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan. It reviews the existing literature on the topic, which is predominantly oriented by the ‘transition paradigm’. The major shortcomings of this literature are identified: the privileging of either structure or agency when accounting for social change, a strong emphasis on the role of elites and insufficient attention to collective agency. Accordingly, I argue that the methodology of poststructuralist discourse theory may importantly supplement the ‘transitological’ framework owing to its ability to conceptualize the dynamic interdependence between structure and agency, as well as the formation of collective political identities.     

Collective Memory from a Psychological Perspective

The study of collective memory has burgeoned in the last 20 years, so much so that one can even detect a growing resistance to what some view as the imperialistic march of memory studies across the social sciences (e.g., Berliner 2005; Fabian 1999). Yet despite its clear advance, one area that has remained on the sidelines is psychology. On the one hand, this disinterest is surprising, since memory is of central concern to psychologists. On the other hand, the relative absence of the study of collective memory within the discipline of psychology seems to suit both psychology and other disciplines of the social sciences, for reasons that will be made clear. This paper explores how psychology might step from the sidelines and contribute meaningfully to discussions of collective memory. It reviews aspects of the small literature on the psychology of collective memory and connects this work to the larger scholarly community’s interest in collective memory. The first three authors contributed equally to this paper. The order in which they are listed reflects the throw of a die.     

在上帝与虚无之间——黑格尔的苦恼意识及其现代变式

黑格尔将自我意识视为精神现象发展的转折点,而苦恼意识则是自我意识的完成,它完整地展示出人类所有精神形态的基本辩证结构。近代以来,围绕哲学与科学、知识与信仰、理性与虚无的争论无不源自自我意识这种令人“苦恼”或“不幸”的辩证结构。认识到这种结构就是人的根本的生存状态、存在状态,这不但是人追求自由和幸福、克服虚无主义的起点,也是人的使命和命运。     

论市场经济国家对劳资冲突的法律规制

西方市场经济国家劳资关系经历了一个较长发展时期,逐步形成一套比较完整的规制劳资冲突的法律制度。主要表现为通过劳动基准、团结权、集体谈判和产业行动立法,规制双方行为,将冲突纳入法制化轨道中。同时,建立完善的劳资争议处理法律制度,作为解决劳资冲突的底线。     

The economics of collective knowledge and technological communication

Technological knowledge can be understood as a collective good when it is the outcome of the integration between internal to the firm investments in R&D and learning and the absorption of competencies and technologies provided by external organizations (such as, other firms, universities, R&D centers). Technological communication is a crucial strategy in such dynamic interaction between the firm and the system. Only under effective conditions of technological communication the private and social benefits derived from the exploitation of spillovers are higher than the private losses due to partial inappropriability. The article presents a simple microeconomic framework to understand knowledge production and distribution, integrating the effects and conditions of technological communication within a knowledge production function. The interaction between internal investments in R&D and learning, partial inappropriability, the conditions for the access to external knowledge and the exploitation of spillovers explains increasing returns in the production of knowledge.