The Benefits of Experimental Methods for the Study of Campaign Effects

Researchers rely heavily on observational designs to study the effects of political campaigns. In doing so, scholars often overlook serious threats to causal inference that bedevil their research designs. The strategic nature of campaigns leads to serious selection biases in voter exposure to campaign stimuli and, ultimately, generates biased estimates of campaign effects. Standard approaches to establishing causal effects in observational research, such as the collection of panel data and the inclusion of covariates, are often inadequate. In contrast, experimental approaches offer researchers a more promising way to estimate accurately the causal effects of campaigns. In this essay, I discuss the recent renaissance of experimental research in the study of campaigns and illustrate how scholars can use lab, field, and survey experiments to good effect. When experimental methods are not feasible, studies of campaign effects would benefit from paying better attention to the causal identification strategy. In closing, I discuss how the logic of experimentation can be applied to some observational settings.     

Field Experimental Designs for the Study of Media Effects

Field experimentation is a promising but seldom used method for studying the effects of media messages on political attitudes and behavior. The practical challenges of conducting media experiments in real-world settings often come down to securing cooperation from research partners, such as political campaigns. To do so, researchers must be prepared to adapt their experimental designs to satisfy the constraints imposed by research partners and the media environment in which they operate. This article provides an overview of some alternative field experimental designs that allow researchers to maintain the advantages of random assignment while addressing practical considerations. Examples are drawn from the growing field experimental literature examining the effects of television, radio, and online communication.     

高校惩防体系建设中的问题与对策

在构建和谐社会、建设文化强国的时代背景下,高校的反腐倡廉建设面临的任务更重、要求更高。当前高校惩防体系建设仍存在着案件多发、行风不正、制度短板、执行短腿、文化欠缺等问题。我们应总结经验教训,把握建设重点,站在新的战略高度,通过加强顶层设计,采取针对性措施,强化对主动腐败行为的惩戒;将廉政文化贯穿于惩防体系建设的始终,不断推进廉洁教育"三进",营造风清气正的廉洁文化氛围;进一步深化高校的惩防体系建设,深入贯彻落实国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要,为高等教育事业的发展提供保障。     

关于企业形象设计与导入的拓展性研究

国际大型企业的CI发展,现已达到阶段性巅峰状态,因曲高和寡而出现发展瓶颈。国企CI战略要想优于竞争对手,跻身世界一流行列,就须对CI设计与导入进行深入的拓展性思考。     

集体行动困境的应对之道--以广州市老旧小区加装电梯工作为例

老旧小区加装电梯是一项面向特定空间、特定人群的准公共产品,居民协商是实现这一公共产品供给的集体行动,但居民的个体理性会导致实施时出现集体行动困境。广州是国内较早开展这项工作的城市,通过访谈和政策内容分析梳理广州市老旧小区加装电梯的工作历程,结合集体行动理论分析老旧小区加装电梯面临的协商规模和价值偏好的困境,并在此基础上进一步探讨居民协商集体行动困境的破解之策。广州市的经验不仅为其他城市老旧小区加装电梯提供了借鉴,也为今后通过制度设计促成居民集体行动、推进城镇老旧小区改造工作,形成社区治理的长效机制提供了有益的启示。     

The incumbency disadvantage in South Korean National Assembly elections: Evidence from a regression discontinuity approach

In marked contrast to the findings from advanced democracies that incumbent office holders enjoy electoral advantages, this study finds that a substantial incumbency disadvantage exists in South Korean National Assembly (KNA) elections. I employ a quasi-experimental regression discontinuity design to distinguish the true effects of incumbency from the selection effects associated with candidate qualities, such as charisma and ability levels. My results show that serving a term in office reduces the probability of winning by around 20–30 percentage points and reduces the vote share by about 3–7 percentage points. Possible reasons for the incumbency disadvantage are briefly discussed, with an emphasis on the particularly high level of public discontent with governing elites in the KNA due to what voters perceive to be their widespread corruption.     

基于汉语言文学专业能力要求的学生活动设计

汉语言文学专业人才能力既要求有良好的思想道德素养和身心素质,扎实的汉语言文学专业基础知识,较强的专业核心能力,体现专业通识能力;又要有专业方向知识、技能,体现专业方向能力.紧扣“专业”设计与组织学生活动是对课堂教学的巩固和拓展.在设计学生活动时,要以“专业能力培养”为价值取向,遵循专业性、目的性、融合性、系统性、地方性等设计原则.     

浅析学习设计为导向的教学设计

现今高等教育,偏重内容导向发展的模式,导致忽视了对教学环节与具体教学环节的追踪、辅导;增加学习者认知负荷;不能动态调整学习策略。针对以上问题,寻找能够在教学者、学习者、资源与学习环境之间形成互动的解决方案。学习设计理念强调要关注教学设计过程,重视活动内容与活动顺序的设计,为我们解决上述问题,提供了重要思路。     

科学发展观指导下的廉政教育内容与形式设计——基于南通反腐倡廉教育实践的思考

科学发展观指导下的廉政教育是搭建惩防体系基本框架的应有之义,是全面推进反腐倡廉建设的必然要求,是构建社会主义和谐社会的客观需要。从实际经验来看,党员干部理想信念的动摇、道德操守的缺失、法律法规的淡漠是导致腐败的直接因素。提高廉政教育实效性,应以人性的发展要求为出发点,根据“不想腐”、“不愿腐”一“畏腐”、“惧腐”一“防腐”、“拒腐”的发展路径,积极开展廉政教育内容与形式的设计。     

浅谈传统美学对现代招贴广告设计的应用

将中国传统美学融入现代艺术感强烈的招贴广告中,逐渐成为我国招贴广告设计行业、甚至是全球招贴广告行业的一种时尚和趋势。传统美学中对美的追求影响着现代招贴广告的设计,反过来,现代广告招贴又影响着传统美学的传承和发展。