论我国社区矫正制度的确立——以《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（八）》为观照

社区矫正代表着当今行刑制度的发展趋势。刑法修正案（八）实行社区矫正的规定,为司法行政机关开展社区矫正工作提供了法律依据,为改革完善我国刑罚执行制度奠定了重要基础,标志着我国社区矫正法律制度的确立。     

侦查理论与实务几个问题的探讨

我国《刑事诉讼法》的修改必须考虑到中国的实际情况,应避免立法主张上浓厚的理想主义色彩;我国正酝酿着侦查理念的一次变革和飞跃,但相应的制度和经费保障能不能到位,对此有着直接的影响;“命案必破”的提法虽有积极作用,但其负面作用日益凸显,因此应停止使用;处置劫持人质案件的培训工作应有计划性和整体规范;对心理画像结论的准确性、具体性和可靠性程度应该有客观的认识,不能对其怀有过高的期望。     

试论证券市场中的非法承销证券犯罪

本文突破现有刑事立法的框架结构 ,大胆探索新型证券犯罪的立法空间 ,对证券市场非法承销刑事犯罪化问题进行了探讨 ,以弥补《证券法》与《刑法》在欺诈客户行为刑事责任问题上的漏洞。     

论期待可能性理论在我国适用范围的限定

期待可能性理论源于德国,在日本得到发扬.但现阶段期待可能性在德日刑法理论与刑事司法实践中的适用受到严格限制.然而期待可能性理论在我国方兴未艾,却出现了滥用之势,有必要厘清其适用之范围.首先,不能以是否具有期待可能性检验罪过存在与否;其次,没有法律依据不能以缺乏期待可能性作为出罪根据;再次,期待可能性理论只适用于稀罕案件...     

Rape Shield Laws and Sexual Behavior Evidence: Effects of Consent Level and Women’s Sexual History on Rape Allegations

Rape shield laws, which limit the introduction of sexual history evidence in rape trials, challenge the view that women with extensive sexual histories more frequently fabricate charges of rape than other women. The present study examined the relationship between women's actual sexual history and their reporting rape in hypothetical scenarios. Female participants (college students and a community sample, which included women working as prostitutes and topless dancers, and women living in a drug and alcohol rehabilitation center) imagined themselves in dating scenarios that described either a legally definable act of rape or consensual sexual intercourse. Additionally, within the rape scenarios, level of consensual intimate contact (i.e., foreplay) preceding rape was examined to determine its influence on rape reporting. Women were less likely to say that they would take legal action in response to the rape scenarios if they had extensive sexual histories, or if they had consented to an extensive amount of intimate contact before the rape. In response to the consensual sexual intercourse scenarios, women with more extensive sexual histories were not more likely to say that they would report rape, even when the scenario provided them with a motive for seeking revenge against their dating partner.     

暴力与屠杀:刑法上的“敌人”还是刑法上的“不人道”

法律对屠杀问题的回应,始终在两种模式之间徘徊:一种是以国家刑法为给养来源的刑法上的敌人模式,另一种是源于国际刑法的刑法上的不人道模式。后者更适合屠杀的定性标准,它暗示了在大量死难者面前,对人性的否定。建立刑法上的不人道模式需要回应三个方面的问题:第一,罪的含义;第二,归责;第三,惩罚的实质。首先,根据《国际刑事法院规约》第7条,我们至少可以认为反人道模式中被保护的人性包含着两个相辅相成的要素:每个人的特殊性,以及每个人都平等地归属于人类共同体。其次,在归责问题上,我们不能满足于只制裁处于权力链条最顶端的人,还必须考虑等级体系的所有级别。最后在惩罚实质上,我们不仅要在刑罚制裁上考虑惩罚的本质,而且还需要从修复以及协商的角度看待这一问题。文章最后指出,刑法上的不人道模式成为一个可以实现的、普世的理想,尚需国际法与国内法的合作以及各个学科之间的协力。     

商业贿赂范围及数额司法认定疑难问题

具有市场价格且受贿人实际取得价值的礼券应当计入商业贿赂犯罪数额。将免费旅游界定为商业贿赂,并非意味着与免费旅游相关的费用一概认定为商业贿赂数额。收受银行卡案件应当区分不同情况计算犯罪数额。贿赂案件中特殊汽车牌照、特殊手机号码的费用应当记入犯罪数额。行贿方付出了金钱,虽然没有直接交付受贿方,但将金钱周转成通过特殊汽车牌照、特殊手机号码表现的现实利益或者享受资格。应当将以金钱为背景、体现贿赂犯罪权钱关系的性贿赂认定为商业贿赂。     

The Cybercrime Convention Committee's 2017 Guidance Note on Production Orders: Unilateralist transborder access to electronic evidence promoted via soft law

This article provides a critical analysis of the Council of Europe Cybercrime Convention Committee's Guidance Note of Production Orders, published on 1 March 2017. The article looks at the legal controversies surrounding production orders with a cross-border element. It explains the Guidance Note's background and origins, the basic provisions in the Cybercrime Convention allowing the law enforcement authorities to order and obtain certain information and discusses the requirements that follow from the relevant provisions of the Convention. This analysis is complemented by four critical remarks on the way the Guidance Note pushes the boundaries of acceptable treaty interpretation on the necessity of the Guidance Note, its position in regard to extraterritorial enforcement jurisdiction and sovereignty, its reticence towards fundamental rights and its refusal to define or clarify the important notion of “subscriber information”. The article argues that unilateralism is not a solution. Instead of soft law plumbing, what is needed is an agreement between sovereign states checked by their constituencies.     

What do students really know about criminal justice?

This survey of three hundred and twenty undergraduate students attempted to determine their knowledge of crime and punishment in North Carolina. Respondents answered a series of open- and closed-ended questions regarding various legal topics, such as statutory rape and the legal ages for tobacco and alcohol use. The participants were also asked to list punishments for various offenses, such as possession of marijuana, driving while intoxicated, and rape. They were then asked to define certain legal terms such as larceny. The results indicated that most students were unable to provide correct corresponding punishments for many offenses. They were also unable to accurately define various legal terms, such as robbery or rape. The implications for stronger education in the area of criminal justice are discussed.