实行过限之构成及其判定标准

在实行过限状态下，存在两个犯罪行为：基本行为和过限行为。基本行为的构成要件为：共犯关系、实行行为、实行故意；过限行为的构成要件为：行为主体的同一性、时空场域的密接性、主观犯意的超出性。实行过限的判定标准应当有不同的等级层次。在立法领域，应当坚持超出共同故意说，此为一般判定标准；在司法领域，应当坚持实质改变说，此为具体判定标准。     

西方政法知识在中国的早期传播--以《东西洋考每月统记传》为中心

19世纪前期是西法东渐过程中一个不可忽视的阶段.在国人睁眼看世界之前,那些首先掌握了中国语言文字的新教传教士通过编印中文书刊等途径,最早向中国传入了关于西方政制法律等方面的大量信息;<东西洋考每月统记传>即为反映这个历史真实状况的一个重要载体.近代中国输入西方法学的进路亦以此为嚆矢.     

我国农村教育政策30年的演进与变迁

改革开放30年来，我国农村教育的发展与农村教育政策的调整与变革相联系。30年农村教育政策的演进与变迁大体经历了三个阶段，有其自身的演进路向和变迁途径。1978—1984年，农村教育的政策重心是：恢复教学秩序，普及小学教育，改善教育结构的单一化和发展农民教育；1985--2002年，农村教育以改革基础教育的管理体制，有步骤地实施九年制义务教育和加强改革农村教育结构为重要政策指向；2003年以来，在落实科学发展观和建设社会主义新农村的背景中，农村教育政策有着新的调整与变革。30年农村教育发展的实践，既彰显着教育政策的积极功能与成效，也留下了值得反思的政策问题。     

试谈历史文化遗迹在公民道德建设中的作用

甘肃境内以远古文明遗址、丝绸之路文化遗存以及革命历史遗迹为骨架的丰富的历史文化遗迹 ,是过去、现在和未来进行对话和沟通最便捷有效的载体 ,是引导人们树立正确的世界观、人生观 ,深刻解析“爱国守法、明礼诚信、团结友善、勤俭自强、敬业奉献”二十字基本道德规范最生动有益的课堂。     

对电视娱乐明星形象传播的文化批判

在当下中国的电视娱乐明星的形象传播中存在着悖论现象:一方面,媒体和明星自身联合塑造出“德艺双馨”的完美形象;另一方面,明星又往往因种种不合道德法纪的行为而出现在电视媒体上。针对这种状况,本文从娱乐明星自身、媒介的明星运作机制和受众三方面出发,分析其原因并提出相应的批判对策。     

It's all relative: Spatial positioning of parties and ideological shifts

The usefulness of the general class of spatial econometric models, which relaxes the assumption that the observations are independent, has only recently been realised. One particularly fruitful application includes models of parties' ideological change as well as the electoral consequences of party competition. In these studies, scholars can explicitly model the spatial interconnectedness of political parties in theoretically pleasing ways, producing inferences that are consistent with formal models of party competition, but are beyond the grasp of traditional ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models. To illustrate these benefits, this article replicates Adams and Somer‐Topcu's 2009 study of parties' responses to ideological shifts by rival parties to show that appropriately modeling patterns of interconnectivity between parties via weights matrices provides more realistic inferences that are more consistent with formal models of party competition.     

How the World Trade Organization shapes regulatory governance

The World Trade Organization (WTO) arguably shapes regulatory governance in more countries to a greater extent than any other international organization. This article provides a new framework for assessing the broader transnational regulatory implications of the WTO as part of a transnational legal order (TLO) in terms of four dimensions of regulatory change that permeate the state: (i) changes in the boundary between the market and the state (involving concomitantly market liberalization and growth of the administrative state); (ii) changes in the relative authority of institutions within the state (promoting bureaucratized and judicialized governance); (iii) changes in professional expertise engaging with state regulation (such as the role of lawyers); and (iv) changes in normative frames and accountability mechanisms for national regulation (which are trade liberal and transnational in scope). In practice, these four dimensions of change interact and build on each other. The article presents what we know to date and a framework for conducting further study of such transnational legal ordering.     

The Devilish Details: Key Legal Issues in the 2015 Climate Negotiations

The ongoing UN negotiations for a 2015 climate agreement have yet to resolve two fundamental legal issues on which its effectiveness will hinge. The first is the precise legal form this agreement will take. Parties had agreed to work towards a ‘protocol, another legal instrument or an agreed outcome with legal force under the Convention applicable to all Parties’. This leaves scope for a range of possible legal forms, only some of which are legally binding. Second, they have yet to determine the legal nature of the ‘nationally determined contributions’ submitted by Parties. This article addresses these two critical issues: on ‘legal form’, it identifies the instruments that could form part of the Paris package, focussing on their legal status, significance and influence; and on the ‘legal nature’ of nationally determined contributions, it considers their nature and scope, the range of options for ‘housing’ these contributions as well as their relationship to the core 2015 agreement.     

Size and Shape Differences in the Distal Femur and Proximal Tibia between Normal Weight and Obese American Whites

This study tests for differences in articular and diaphyseal size and shape of the distal femur and proximal tibia between normal weight and obese individuals, and discusses the effects of obesity on the patterns of sexual dimorphism and secular change in the skeletal morphology of the knee. Measurements of the femur and tibia were recorded for 143 American White adult males and females born in the 20th century. The sample was divided into normal and obese weight categories based on the body mass index. Results show differences between normal weight and obese individuals in the size and shape of the femoral shaft and the medial side of the knee joint, none of which affect the pattern of sexual dimorphism. While changes in skeletal morphology associated with obesity may be observed in recent secular changes, its role is still unclear because of the relatively recent increase in obesity prevalence.     

公安机关服务经济建设的辩证思考

公安机关服务经济建设 ,必须树立公安工作与经济建设“一体论”的观念 ,坚持知与行的统一 ;必须树立公安工作以“经济建设为中心”的观念 ,坚持局部和全局的统一 ;必须树立公安队伍形象就是“最好的经济发展环境”的观念 ,坚持治内与治外的统一 ;必须树立以“三个有利于”标准检验公安工作成败的观念 ,坚持管理与服务的统一。