台湾地区智慧财产法院特色机制及其运行评述

台湾地区智慧财产法院的设立,最大程度地实现了知识产权案件的集中审判,审判效率获得极大提升。采用法官与技术审查官相结合模式,设置技术审查官辅助法官判案,有效解决法官技术知识不足问题。引入法院审理侵权诉讼可自行判断知识产权有效性制度,并协调各案间知识产权有效性判断的冲突,彰显案件审判之效率。     

Fostering political leadership for the demographic dividend in Africa: relevant cultural values

A foremost challenge to the realisation of the accelerated economic growth of the demographic dividend in Africa remains the commitment of the region’s political leadership to creating the enabling contexts to maximise the potential of its youthful population. This viewpoint considers three critical African cultural mores – the reverence-for-posterity norm; leader-as-community-proxy culture; and the elder tradition – that offer unique levers for fostering political leadership for the demographic dividend in Africa. Strategies for successfully tapping these cultural traditions require further research.     

Towards universal health coverage in Zambia: impediments and opportunities

Universal health coverage has been given a prominent place in the post-2015 global development agenda, but there are concerns over its feasibility in low- and middle-income countries. This article assesses successive Zambian governments’ efforts to achieve this agenda. We discuss the recent restructuring of health governance to support policies that re-emphasise the social determinants of health and health equity. This includes a new Ministry of Community Development and Mother and Child Health alongside the Ministry of Health. We argue that recent innovations in policy and practice need to be extended to include ministries which focus on economic development.     

Supporting farmer participation in formal seed systems: lessons from Tharaka,Kenya

This article examines contemporary challenges of formal seed sector participation for resource-poor farmers in Tharaka and engages in a wider discussion of national seed policy and formal seed sector development in Kenya. While many farmers reported utilising modern seed varieties developed by the formal seed sector, the majority of these were introduced through seed aid and maintained through seed saving, supporting seed system integration strategies. Building on these findings, the article discusses ways in which national seed policy in Kenya might be refined to better meet national and regional development goals focused on decreasing the incidence of hunger and poverty.     

试论跨国社会运动的特点及其对当代国际格局演变的影响

冷战之后迅速勃兴的新一轮跨国社会运动,出现了运动范围的全球化、社会诉求的多样性、组织形式的网络化以及运动目标的去革命化等特征,这些都与以往的跨国社会运动形成很大区别。更为重要的是,当代跨国社会运动通过不断地冲击着国家在国际格局中的垄断地位,推动非国家行为体走向全球治理的前台,促使国际格局向着多元化的方向不断发展,以及促进国际规范结构的重构而推动着当代国际格局的演变。     

从“经济建设型政府”转向“公共服务型政府”——新时期中国政府治理模式初探

由于全球化和资讯时代的冲击,政府—市场—社会的三元社会结构范式逐渐取代了政府—市场的二元社会结构范式,从而改变了政府治理的规模和传统边界。针对这种大变革时期的发展趋势,中国政府必须重新认识和改革传统体制的政府治理模式,充分发挥三元社会结构共同治理模式的互补优势,在中国渐进改革的演进发展中构建出一种新型的、有中国实践特色的政府治理模式,即实现从经济建设型政府向公共服务型政府的转变。     

有组织的合作行动何以可能? ——上海梅村党建激活社区治理实践的案例研究

【问题】社区治理日益成为国家治理和社会治理的关键场域,然而真正实现社区有效治理的情形并不多见。纵观上海梅村30年治理变迁,其从效果不彰转向治理成功,论文将这种转变视作有组织的合作行动所致,进而探究社区治理中有组织的合作行动何以可能、如何可能。【方法】通过5年非连续时间对梅村治理实践及变迁进行的长时段观察,以及对各类人员进行深度访谈,借助个案研究法对梅村治理变迁的内在机制进行了多维度分析。【发现】上海梅村治理的转型体现出政党激活社会、社会助推治理效能的双向运作机理,促进了社区从治理失败到治理成功的转变。一方面,社区党组织通过规则制定和组织观念塑造,以再组织化机制将原先隐蔽的社会力量激活;另一方面,社区居民借助党组织搭建的项目化平台,以自组织化机制参与到社区公共事务治理之中,提升了党建引领社区治理的效能。【贡献】论文批判性地反思了集体行动的经典理论命题,结合特定社区治理情境提出了“政党激活社会”的本土解释框架;从再组织化和自组织化两个方面阐释了党建引领社区治理的有效运作机制,对目前意义宽泛的党建引领机制进行了学理建构,为党建引领社区治理的制度优势转化为实践效能提供了创新视角。     

依法治国中的依法执政

依法执政是中国共产党领导方式转变的必然结果和应然目标,是中国法治发展的时代要求。它是中国共产党领导方式的历史性转变,它对党的领导具有重要的意义,它与依法治国具有内在的联系,它需要通过特定的具体方式来加以实现。文章论述了依法执政确立的历史根据,阐述了依法执政的重要意义,探讨了它与依法治国的关系和实现依法执政的具体路径。     

基于胜任力的公安人力资源管理模式研究

随着所处内外环境的变化,目前公安机关所采用的基于工作分析、职位分类的公安人力资源管理固有的缺陷逐渐显现出来,需要构建新的人力资源管理模式。美国的著名心理学家麦克利兰提出的胜任力理论,为构建基于胜任力的人力资源管理模式提供了新的视角。在对胜任力理论进行简要综述的基础上,对基于胜任力的公安人力资源规划、基于胜任力的绩效管理、基于胜任力的公安人力资源培训与开发等进行了较为详细的阐述,指出了应用范围和基础,构建了一个基于胜任力的公安人力资源管理新模式。     

Defining child labour: a controversial debate

While it is internationally agreed that the worst forms of child labour should be eliminated in order to promote children's welfare, the consensus breaks down when trying to define what constitutes ‘light work’. This article seeks to show why it is difficult to get everyone to agree on this issue, focusing on the definition of child labour proposed by the International Labour Organization (ILO).