一种概念界定的工具：原子图谱法——以“绩效”、“政府绩效”、“政府绩效评估”概念为例

科学研究中经常需要面对一个个不容易界定的概念，而这些不容易界定的概念往往都是研究的重点甚至研究的重心，这使得概念界定成为一个看似简单，却很难真正做到位的研究工作。从目前常见的概念界定方式来看，“站在巨人的肩膀上”无疑是一种省时省力的方式，然而这种方法在应用中却存在着“认认真真走过场”的现象，如何提高其效率是个需要面对的问题。我们尝试性地提出了一种原子图谱的方式，采取分析概念的心像的方式来引入大样本统计的思想来提高“站在巨人的肩膀上”的效率，这是一种“客观德尔菲法”。在原子图谱的基础上，我们以“政府绩效”相关概念界定为例展示了如何使用原子图谱法并最终确定之。     

国家治理体系现代化的制度样本——评析《重大行政决策程序暂行条例》

《重大行政决策程序暂行条例》是新时代推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的制度样本。它统筹协调处理行政决策所涉及的多种关系,以形成良法善治的制度合力。理论上,它对行政决策范围的界定、重大行政决策的判断标准、公众参与的模式、合法性审查的模式、行政决策的终身责任追究等方面进行了回应或取舍。制度上,它对适用主体、重大决策事项划定方式、创新和拓展公众参与渠道、专家库和专家信用体系建设等问题进行了回应与设计。     

费孝通的《乡土中国》对于新时代乡村社会治理的意义

费孝通的《乡土中国》是一部乡村社会学著作,该书不但说明了传统中国基层社会的乡土性质以及具有差序格局特征的社会结构形式,而且叙述了建立在这一社会结构基础上的治理方式,如礼治秩序、无讼、无为政治、长老统治等。当社会性质由乡土社会转变为现代社会,社会结构形式以及治理方式也随之发生改变。这一过程表现为内生性、渐进性、长期性的特征,基于此,乡土社会的治理方式对于现在的乡村社会治理就具有现实意义。借鉴乡土社会的治理方式,对于完善我国新时代乡村社会治理体系以及增强文化自信都具有重要意义。     

使基层协商民主更好的运转起来——观念更新、利益兼容与治理绩效累积的三位一体

经过长期的演化与发展,基层协商民主已经成为了地方治理中的常态,制度化的痕迹日渐明晰。然而,基层协商民主的实践存在着分化,差异在于制度化的程度,制度形成的规则是否成为了基层协商民主日常生活的一部分,成为生活习惯与生活方式。进一步理顺基层协商民主的内在联系,发挥基层协商民主的作用,拓宽基层协商民主的实践空间,需要回到基层协商民主成长的制度化路径,挖掘正式规则与非正式规则中的某些要素。因此,有必要建构基于价值导向、政策执行与结果绩效相统一的基层协商民主三位一体模型机制,强调观念更新、利益兼容、治理绩效累积是协商民主有效推进基层治理的结构性原因,使得基层协商民主更加有效地运转并朝着更加成熟定型的方向发展。     

Fostering political leadership for the demographic dividend in Africa: relevant cultural values

A foremost challenge to the realisation of the accelerated economic growth of the demographic dividend in Africa remains the commitment of the region’s political leadership to creating the enabling contexts to maximise the potential of its youthful population. This viewpoint considers three critical African cultural mores – the reverence-for-posterity norm; leader-as-community-proxy culture; and the elder tradition – that offer unique levers for fostering political leadership for the demographic dividend in Africa. Strategies for successfully tapping these cultural traditions require further research.     

司法审级中的信息、组织与治理——从中国传统司法的“上控”与“审转”切入

尽管从表面上看,中国传统司法审级中的上控与审转违反了上诉审的经济学原理,但本文的分析表明,这两种制度的出现实际上来源于古典司法复审的政治治理功能,并且在事实上构成了一种有效率的信息机制与组织替代,回应了古代社会低成本地获取地方治理信息的难题。但这些理论上合理的制度在实际的运行中也产生了许多问题,并且一直存在于当下中国的审级制度之中,其根本的解决进路只能是在国家能力建设基础上超越科层化的制度分工与审级分工。     

Corporate governance reform: the case of Korea

Due partly to the expectations of foreign investors, the reform of corporate governance following the 1997 financial crisis has largely been in line with the Anglo-American outsider model at the expense of Korea's traditional insider model. The increased role of the (equity) market vis-à-vis banks and shareholder activism, NGOs and foreign investors has helped to constrain ‘tunnelling’ by controlling shareholders. While the complicated ownership structures have yet to be resolved, the governance paradigm of chaebols has gradually changed from one dominated by family or controlling shareholders to a system in which the power of professional managers and monitoring of markets have increased substantially.     

北京知识产权法院若干问题

北京知识产权法院的成立处于建立创新型国家与全面推进依法治国两个重要节点背景下,其建立不仅仅着眼于加强知识产权保护,支持创新驱动,更旨在以知识产权审判机制改革为先导,推动司法体制改革,促进依法治国。北京知识产权法院在法院设置、管理体制、审判机制上有诸多创新,这些为我国探索更为合理有效的知识产权审判体系提供了指引。     

Pro-poor budget analysis of Kenya's free primary education policy

This practical note outlines Concern's approach to pro-poor budget analysis using the case of the Kenya Free Primary Education (FPE) policy. Analysis conducted on the outcomes of the FPE policy for Nairobi's urban slum-based poor suggests that the policy is not being implemented evenly within the city. The reasons stem from poor allocation and planning approaches, to political interference and unwillingness of teachers to work in slum-based schools. These have the unintended effect of increasing inequities for the urban poor, the reverse of the policy intention. The note outlines the pitfalls and practicalities of conducting this type of analysis.     

"More In Than Out": Switzerland's Association With Schengen/Dublin Cooperation

From the point of view of modes of governance and constellations of interdependence, EU research policy offers ideal conditions for the flexible inclusion of non‐member states: it is based on transgovernmental coordination through policy networks rather than supranational legislation, it follows scientific rather than political imperatives, and cooperation is in the interest of both the EU and of Switzerland. This article analyses the degree to which these factors have allowed for Switzerland's inclusion into the regulatory and organisational aspects of EU research policy, and highlights the limits of such flexible sectoral integration.