补救成本、价值损失抑或获益赔偿?——瑕疵履行救济的研究

瑕疵履行时,法院是施加救济成本还是价值损失的赔偿是合同法的难点之一。赔偿计算方式的选择必须体现期望损害赔偿的目标。目前流行的Peevyhouse规则、经济浪费规则和价值损失规则都有明显缺陷,而综合考虑意图、合理性以及政策则是目前规则的最好取代。而且获益赔偿可作为补救成本、价值损失之外的第三种可能实现期望损害赔偿目标的计算方式。我国现行《合同法》过于强调救济成本虽总体可行,但没有认真对待救济成本与价值损失之间的关系,也没有考虑获益赔偿的可能性,并不妥当。未来《合同法》应在此方面进一步完善。     

The public health implications of United Kingdom offender healthcare policy: a holistic approach to achieve individual and societal gains

In 2009, two seminal documents were published by the United Kingdom (UK) government concerning healthcare services for offenders. The Bradley review into diversion for people with mental health problems and learning disabilities emphasised a need to improve offender health, not least because of the high economic costs to society as a whole resulting from unresolved mental illness, physical ill-health and substance abuse problems commonly experienced by offenders. The Bradley review made wide-reaching recommendations for change, requiring strong partnership between health and justice agencies at both central government and local levels. A framework for the delivery of Bradley's recommendations has been set out in Improving health, supporting justice, the Department of Health's offender health strategy which sets out the direction of travel for the next 10 years.This paper discusses the reality of working toward improving health services for this marginalised group in the context of the influence of the current straitened financial climate on the allocation of resources to publically funded healthcare in the UK; it examines the historically based, and widely held, belief in the principle of “less eligibility” within our society, whereby there is much public and media resistance to allocating resources to improving care for offenders when other, more “deserving”, groups are perceived to be in continuing need.     

Amussat’s Sign in Hanging—A Prospective Autopsy Study

Abstract: Amussat’s sign is typically a transverse laceration of the intimal layer of carotid arteries described in cases of hanging. Subtotal laceration of the carotid artery is not strictly specific for hanging and can be also caused by blunt neck trauma, extreme overstretching, or whiplash‐injuries. In a prospective autopsy study of 178 cases of hanging, Amussat’s sign was found in 29 cases (a relative frequency of 16.1%). A statistically significant association between the occurrence of tears in the intimal layer of carotid arteries and the victims’ age was discovered in the cases studied (the frequency increased with age; p < 0.05). The occurrence of Amussat’s sign was independent of gender, weight, completeness of the victim’s body suspension, and position of the ligature knot on the neck. The study demonstrates the fact that the most probable cause of Amussat’s sign is a combination of direct compression of the artery by the rope and indirect stretching because of the gravitational drag produced by the weight of the body.     

绩效考核在公安机关应用的价值分析

绩效考核起源于西方国家文官（公务员）制度。公安机关推行绩效考核,对进一步调动公安民警的工作积极性,增强公安工作的活力,提高公安队伍的整体战斗力具有重大的意义。但它的应用一定要考虑到它所适应的条件,绩效考核的管理方法才具有它的价值性。     

论我国公民的免于匮乏权

美国前总统富兰克林.罗斯福面对经济危机提出了包括公民应该享有"免于匮乏的自由"的著名四大自由。我国的法学理论中虽然没有这一概念,但宪法中关于"国家合理安排积累和消费,兼顾国家、集体和个人的利益,在发展生产的基础上,逐步改善人民的物质生活和文化生活"的规定,实质上就是关于公民免于匮乏权的表述。本文从现代国家的职责、国家权利(义务)与公民权利(义务)关系的角度论述了保障公民免于匮乏权是国家的法律义务,不能将此任推给公民家庭及个人,并通过对我国实践的剖析,提出应当避免过度从政策层面、经济层面及公民个人努力层面对公民进行免于匮乏权保障的路径选择,而应靠国家义务性、实践路径上的法律制度性来实现。     

协动主义：诉讼与诉讼外纠纷解决机制关系定位——基于人民调解的制度规范与地方实践的分析

关于人民调解的规范文件贯彻了司法最终救济的理念,但由于各地方纠纷解决需要的差异,实践中形成的不同的诉讼外纠纷解决机制,模糊了诉讼与诉讼外纠纷解决机制的关系。构建一个功能互补的纠纷解决的生态系统,必须在确立司法权威的同时,按照解纷合意获得的不同样式,确定诉讼外纠纷解决机制与诉讼的程序协动关系。     

质询权性质的辨析

就质询的本质而言,质询权的性质既不是人大代表的权利,也不是人大的集体性宪法权力,而是人大代表的法定权力。质询权作为人大代表的一项法定权力,具有不可放弃性、有限性、法定性和强制性。准确界定质询权的性质,有助于确保质询权的运行规范、有序、高效,加强人大代表对“一府两院”的监督。     

我国电信业政府监管机构重构研究

目前我国电信业政府监管机构存在监管职能分散、专业性欠缺、法治化程度低等突出问题,基于"三网融合"的趋势,有必要成立直接隶属于国务院的通信监管委员会,对电信、广电、互联网等实行一体化监管。     

消费者后悔权的冷思考

15年来,我国《消费者权益保护法》的第一次大型修订能否将后悔权写进法条,已成为人们关注的焦点。后悔权是何种权利,我国有无设立后悔权的必要以及如何设置后悔权将成为人们热议的话题。本文从法律视角对其进行了分析并对后悔权的立法设置提出了相应的建议。     

高效液相色谱法测定海洛因含量的不确定度评定

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定海洛因含量的不确定度评定的方法。方法结合海洛因含量测定的全部过程,假设传播系数为1,对产生不确定度的各分量因子进行分析计算与合成。结果不确定度的来源主要包含样品检测时产生的误差值、检测仪器的精密度、天平和使用的容量器皿等的不确定度。结论本评定方法得出检测的误差来自于两个平行样品检测时产生的误差值。