政府再造的财政意蕴及其对我国的启示

政府再造理论意蕴深远,从组织再造、公共服务绩效改善到人力资源管理制度更新等,其主旨是将企业家精神引入公共部门,建立弹性化的、具有应变力和新精神的政府组织,藉以全面提升国家竞争力。政府再造的理论对于各国财政预算制度改革具有深远的影响。企业化预算、新绩效基础预算等以结果为导向的预算方法,可为我国财政预算制度创新提供有益的思路,进而推动我国公共财政制度框架的建立与完善。     

Corporate Ownership by Industrial Foundations

Industrial foundations are self-governing, non-profit institutions that own business companies. This ownership structure is found in a fair number of Northern European companies, some of them successful world-class competitors. Standard agency theory would predict foundation-owned companies to be relatively inefficient since they lack monitoring by residual claimants and access to equity finance from the stock market. Nevertheless, empirical research (Thomsen 1996) has found that Danish foundation-owned companies do no worse in terms of profitability and growth than companies with dispersed ownership or family ownership. The paper considers and tests alternative explanations of this paradox. Explanations based on tax incentives, alternative control mechanisms and product-market advantages are rejected, but some support is found for performance advantages related to family control and long-term business commitment.     

Issue Importance and Performance Voting

Issue importance mediates the impact of public policy issues on electoral decisions. Individuals who consider that an issue is important are more likely to rely on their attitudes toward that issue when evaluating candidates and deciding for whom to vote. The logic behind the link between issue importance and issue voting should translate to a link between issue importance and performance voting. Incumbent performance evaluations regarding an issue should have a stronger impact on the vote choice of individuals who find that issue important. The analysis demonstrates that there is a significant interaction between performance evaluations and issue importance. People concerned about an issue assign more weight to their evaluations of the government's performance on that issue when making up their mind.     

The trade‐offs in developing public affairs metrics

This paper examines the place of metrics in the assessment of a corporation's public affairs practice. It describes how public affairs metrics are situated in the larger context of organisational performance assessment, examines the range of metrics available to the CPA practitioner, and identifies the critical trade‐offs associated with why public affairs metrics utilisation has not achieved the level of application that some experts have encouraged. Copyright © 2003 Henry Stewart Publications     

绩效评估对政府制度创新的促进作用

本文首先从绩效评估对政府制度创新的贡献度、绩效评估对地方政府内在创新动力的外化、绩效评估拓宽政府制度创新形式的角度分析了绩效评估对政府的创新作用,同时分析了羁绊制度创新的相关因素,并提出创新的途径,认为这种创新从一开始就应有国际化视野,同时需兼具本土化的特点,才能形成具有中国本土特色的政府制度创新。     

试论公安政策制定的法治化

公安政策作为调整社会公共安全关系的手段,其背后蕴藏的是社会公安价值的分配,继而意味着对社会组织及公民的安全利益分配。其制定过程必然要求多方参与、科学民主。而要保障其政策目的的实现就必须借助法的手段,实现公安政策制定的法治化。     

基于绩效的公务员薪酬制度改革研究

20世纪80年代初,发达国家开始在薪酬体系中大量引入基于绩效的薪酬制度。绩效薪酬改革的方向是精简薪酬体系和下放薪酬管理职能,建立宽幅弹性薪酬体系和绩效薪酬的指标体系,并在薪酬与绩效之间建立密切的关联方式。本文以英国和韩国为例,对绩效薪酬制度进行分析。     

Auditing as a tool of government accountability? Exploring divergent causal mechanisms through three Honduran cases

Audits of government entities offer a potential tool to hold public officials to account and to improve the functioning of public administration; however, empirical studies of audit impacts show mixed results. This is largely due to the diversity of audit regimes with different goals and accountability mechanisms, which yield different causal chains. In this study, I compare three distinct audit regimes with distinct casual mechanisms in Honduras. I find that backward-looking audits, which aim to hold officials accountable for past behavior or performance, require effective horizontal accountability mechanisms to investigate and prosecute cases. Forward-looking audits, which aim to hold officials accountable for future behavior or performance, require independent accountability mechanisms, a systematic follow-up methodology, public dissemination, and pressure from the media and civil society. Complementary initiatives that build on audit recommended reforms are found to strengthen these weaknesses in the causal mechanism linking audits to outcomes.     

High Performance Expectations: Concept and Causes

Employees contribute more when they are aware of their leaders’ high performance expectations (HPE), but how can leaders successfully convey HPE? Here it is argued that both transformational and transactional leadership behaviors involve goal-setting, which can affect employee-perceived HPE. Using a leadership training field experiment with 3,730 employees nested in 471 organizations, the findings support that training in transformational, transactional and combination leadership training significantly increased employees’ HPE relative to a control group. Furthermore, transformational leadership and pecuniary rewards seem to be important mechanisms. This implies that public leaders can affect HPE through leadership and thus potentially organizational performance.     

Does Power Corrupt? An Empirical Study of Power,Accountability, and Performance Triangle in Public Administration

Foundational work in public administration has considered the relationship between administrative power, accountability, and performance in public organizations. Even with the vast literature addressing power, accountability, and performance, scholars are still theorizing on how they influence one another. This study proposes and empirically tests a theoretical model of the relationships between each of these three constructs. Data are analyzed from an original survey of a national sample of US local government public administrators—city managers. Using structural equation modeling, results show that there are positive relationships between power and accountability, power and performance, and accountability and performance. The article discusses theoretical and practical implications of these findings.