Community participation and local government capacity in Vietnam: Conditions for coproduction

With Public Administration Reform in Vietnam comes more local government responsibility for policy making. Building on the results of a multiple case study research on housing and infrastructure upgrading projects in four cities of Vietnam, it has been confirmed that the community participation and local government capacity in urban housing and infrastructure upgrading projects are positively related. The level of community participation in urban housing and infrastructure upgrading projects is influenced by local government capacity, and in turn, it has effects on the outcomes. There are some important aspects for the enhancement of the level of community participation. These are effective leadership, the financial resources aspect, and communication/information exchange. Moreover, based on the patterns of community participation in urban upgrading projects, it has been found that participation is strongly supported by government actors in these four cases, and a process of coproduction between the local government and the affected communities has taken place.     

Cheaper,better, and more accountable? Twenty‐five years of prisons privatisation in Victoria

Twenty‐five years after the Kennett government began privatising prisons, Victoria has the world's highest proportion of prisoners in private prisons. When the privatisation project began, it was confidently expected that privately managed prisons would be cheaper, better, and more accountable than traditional public sector provision. This paper examines whether those anticipated benefits have been realised. In doing so, we assess system‐wide operating costs, specific measures of performance, and accountability of the prison system between 1992 and 2017. Using publicly available data, we conclude temporary lower costs occurred but have not been sustained. Similarly, performance improvements are mixed, and enhanced accountability is contested. Although the performance information now available on Victoria's prisons is superior to what was available in the pre‐privatisation era, successive Victorian governments have also overseen arrangements that severely curtail dissemination of such data. This has restricted the capacity of Parliament and the public not only to hold government to account for the operations of the prison system, but also to evaluate the efficacy and impact of the prisons privatisation project. We conclude a more definitive assessment will only be possible when current limitations on accessing performance and other data are lifted enabling greater public scrutiny of Victoria's prison system.     

美国基层政府行政绩效考评实践及其启示

WANG Jian-min;XIAO Zhi-kang;XIAO Ming-zheng     

Police Manipulations of Crime Reporting: Insiders’ Revelations

Social scientists have theorized about the corruption of crime reports (Bayley, 1983; Campbell, 1976). Yet, scant empirical research has examined the impact of modern policing methods on the accuracy of crime reporting. Our research uses an anonymous survey of 1,770 retired New York City police officers examining retirees’ experiences with crime report manipulations across their years of retirement. This includes retirees from the community policing as well as police performance management eras. We subject the data to various statistical tests including tabular analysis, graphical trends to visualize the data, MANOVA, and logistic regression to explain report manipulations. Results indicate that the misuse of the performance management system and pressures on officers from management are key explanations for manipulating crime reports. Individual explanatory variables such as gender, educational status, rank, race, and marital status had no effect. Our research supports Bayley’s and Campbell’s theories. We recommend greater transparency to remedy this.     

UPLC-MS/MS法检测佐匹克隆及其在大鼠体内动态分布研究

目的建立安眠镇静药佐匹克隆的检测方法及其在大鼠体内动态分布模型。方法实验组大鼠用佐匹克隆橄榄油溶液(47.25mg/kg)灌胃给药,空白对照组大鼠采用橄榄油灌胃,分别于0.5、1、1.5、2.5、5、8、12h后采集心血后处死大鼠,分别取心、肝、肺、脾、肾、胃、大脑组织,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)检测各组织中佐匹克隆的质量浓度。结果佐匹克隆与内标物SKF525A出峰时间分别为1.43、1.6min。各组织中佐匹克隆在5~5000ng/mL(g)线性关系良好。佐匹克隆在10、100、1000ng/mL三个浓度下日间、日内精密度良好,在各组织中平均萃取回收率高。灌胃给药后大鼠各组织中佐匹克隆含量在0.5~1h内呈上升趋势,在1h时达到峰值,在各时间点,佐匹克隆在胃壁组织中含量较其他组织高,心血和大脑组织中相对较少。结论本课题建立的UPLCMS/MS法动态检测大鼠各组织中佐匹克隆的含量具有高效性、可靠性的特点,这对今后法医学案件中涉及到佐匹克隆定性定量检验有一定的参考价值。     

我国有组织犯罪企业化的路径及其表现分析

分析有组织犯罪企业化的过程和发展阶段,可以归纳出我国有组织犯罪企业化的两种基本路径,即有组织犯罪的企业化和企业的有组织犯罪化。有组织犯罪的企业化主要经历了暴力敛财积累原始资本、垄断非法行业形成稳定收入、设立企业向合法经济领域渗透和依托企业形成区域或行业垄断四个发展阶段。企业的有组织犯罪化主要有外在结合型和内生发展型两种类型,也要经历逐渐演变的渐变过程,即企业触黑化阶段、企业涉黑化阶段和企业纯黑化阶段。而在实现了企业化发展之后,有组织犯罪在组织管理、行为方式以及文化认同等方面皆呈现出明显的企业化特征:改变了对暴力手段的过分依赖,借鉴现代企业制度建立了分工明确、协调配合的组织结构,并根据需要设置了相应的职位、部门,呈现出企业化的组织管理模式;在运营机制、经营管理等方面表面与一般企业、公司无异,体现出明显的企业化特征和运作模式;以传统帮会文化和暴力文化为内在本质,以企业文化为外在表现,实现了帮会文化与企业文化相结合。     

我国股市波动的政策性及基金把握政策市能力的分析

我国证券市场波动的政策性及相关影响是学术界关注的热点问题。本文首先通过事件统计法肯定了我国政策影响股市波动性的存在,进而对我国股市异常波动点上证券投资基金的管理绩效进行了实证检验。结论显示,证券投资基金对利空政策有较好的预期,能及时对投资方向及仓位进行调整;对利好政策则提前反应,其事后的表现相对不显著;与个人投资者相比,即使在政策市下,基金依然有一定的竞争优势。     

基于战略地图的战略性绩效管理研究——以GW公司为例

通过战略地图来描述GW公司的战略,实现平衡计分卡四个层面(财务、客户、内部流程、学习成长)的整合,分解关系战略重点的绩效目标和指标,构建一个具有共同语言基础的可视化战略地图。     

我国民族地区微观经济信息化绩效研究——西北民族地区与西南民族地区比较分析

微观经济信息化绩效，是指一个国家或地区在微观经济领域的发展进程中，通过有效配置信息装备、信息资源、信息主体，普及信息技术、优化信息环境，直接或间接地提高经济效率，推动经济集约化发展的运行过程和运行结果。     

浅析社区警务绩效评估中的公民参与问题

自2002年3月社区警务在全国派出所工作会议上被提上日程以来，我国社区警务工作取得了巨大的成绩。但是，随着社区警务理论研究与实践的不断深入，以往的绩效评估模式已经远不能衡量社区民警的真实工作成绩。要尽快形成与警民共建理念相适应的社区警务绩效评估模式，就需要把公众引入到社区警务的绩效评估中来，以此来规范社区警务的管理，将社区警务的绩效评估工作纳入到科学化、民主化的轨道上来。