浅谈民警心理健康与民警培训

面对错综复杂的执法环境、面对繁重的公安保卫任务、面对执法过程中遇到的各类意外事件,基层公安民警心理上承受的压力越来越大。因此,心理健康对公安民警特别重要。重视心理健康调适,加强对民警的心理健康教育和培训,是各级公安机关必须重视的问题,也是民警培训工作的一项长期目标。     

论鬼船欺诈及其法律防控机制

鬼船欺诈是海事欺诈的一种形式,欺诈者借鬼船窃取货物,给国际货物贸易的买卖双方、保险人都造成了极大的经济损失。鬼船欺诈之所以产生并蔓延有着多方面的原因。应通过多种途径对鬼船欺诈进行有效的预防和打击。     

IS Success and Failure—The Problem of Scale

In the midst of Implementing Electronic Government (IEG), the almost knee-jerk reaction of our political elite seems to be to embrace hugely ambitious Information Systems (IS) solutions to public-sector operations. Problem after problem has been viewed as solvable by throwing some big IT at it. However hindsight and a wealth of evidence and examples shows that overly large-scale public-sector IT projects do not work and persistently end in failure and costly waste. In this article we consider IT projects 'failures' and the combination of social and technical factors that contribute. We illustrate our argument with more detailed reference to the Connecting for Health agenda, part of the NHS National Programme for IT. We suggest 'think local, think modular' to build on good practice and advocate use of the government's own 2004 eGovernment Interoperability Framework (eGIF) to learn lessons from past IT project catastrophes.     

Autonomy, guardianship and mental disorder: one problem, two solutions

The law in England and Wales governing both the provision of medical care in the case of adults with incapacity and the provision of care and treatment for mental disorder presents serious problems for the principle of patient autonomy. The adult with incapacity has no competence either to consent to or refuse medical treatment but the law provides no statutory structure for substitute decision making on that adult's behalf. On the other hand the law does allow a person with mental disorder to be treated for that disorder despite his or her competent refusal. The nature of these inconsistencies is considered and the implications which flow from the singling out of mental disorder are examined with reference to experience in two Australian jurisdictions. The current proposals for reform of the Mental Health Act are then considered in the light of the conclusions drawn.     

Pubertal Development, Choice of Friends, and Smoking Initiation among Adolescent Males

Prior research has indicated that pubertal development and peer associations are important determinants of adolescent smoking behavior. However, more remains to be learned about why these variables matter or how they may be related to one another in ways that lead to the initiation of smoking. Using contractual data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we consider the relationship between early pubertal development and associations with close friends who smoke, and smoking initiation among male youths. The results of the study reveal a link between advanced pubertal development and the initiation of smoking among boys, but we discover that the effect is indirect, mediated by a greater propensity of sexually mature males to forge friendships with peers who smoke. We also find that this propensity is greatest among the youngest adolescents in the sample, suggesting that the age of the respondent conditions the effects of pubertal development on the formation of friendships with peers who smoke.(Ph.D., The University of Texas at Austin), is an Assistant Professor at Washington State University at Vancouver. Her areas of interest include juvenile delinquency and substance abuse.(Ph.D., Rutgers: The State University of New Jersey) is an Assistant Professor at Westfield State College. Her area of interest is adolescent identity development.(Ph.D., The University of Texas at Austin) is an Associate Professor at the University of Portland. His areas of interest include biosocial models of adolescent problem behavior.     

串通拍卖行为的刑法规制及其立法完善--对一起恶意串通拍卖案件的实证分析

串通投标与串通拍卖是两个不同的法律概念,其外延并无包容或交叉关系,二者在标的、目的、社会危害程度、适用法律等方面均有一定的区别."串通投标情节严重的应追究刑事责任"是我国刑法的明文规定,但我国刑法并未明确规定串通拍卖的行为构成犯罪,因此不宜将串通拍卖行为认定为串通投标罪.对于串通拍卖的行为,一般依照<拍卖法>由工商行政管理部门给予行政处罚即可;但对于具有严重社会危害性的串通拍卖行为并构成犯罪的,应当按照非法经营罪或者合同诈骗罪定罪处罚.     

"相关市场"界定的困惑与解析

在反垄断法上,"相关市场"的界定往往是展开竞争分析的出发点和前提.为了使其界定的结果更加符合实际情况,各国的执法机构在实践中纷纷引入经济分析的方法,并且总结出了许多界定的规则,但是由于经济生活的极度复杂性,使得这一界定过程充满了不确定的因素.加之考虑到司法成本的投入和法官素质要求过高等限制性条件,要想精确地界定"相关市场"的边界便显得十分困难.     

产品责任:北美视角的比较法评论

美国采纳严格产品责任的主要原因是:早期的法律不能给消费者提供充分的保护;调整保证的法律不是从消费者的角度出发的;美国的社会福利很大程度上不如其他西方国家。当今美国主要对于设计和信息性缺陷适用过失责任制度,严格产品制度仅适用于制造缺陷和非制造缺陷的销售者。欧洲和其他法域的严格产品制度远比美国严格。各种结构化和程序化的事务赋予美国公民更多诉至法院的机会。     

卫生监管长效机制建立路径探索

本文以北京市东城区为例，分析了卫生监管存在的问题及其深层次原因，结合国内外公共卫生事件的启示，旨在探索建立“内律——外督”的卫生监管长效机制，即把推动经营者诚信经营体系建设作为工作重点和工作创新的切入点，丰富监督管理手段，让“外督”更有科学性，加大对违法行为的处罚力度，从而为长效管理保驾护航。     

宜宾新型农村合作医疗的现状、问题及对策研究

经过几年的改革试点和实践，新型农村合作医疗制度建设取得了一定成效。与此同时，这项制度在推广过程中碰到许多制约因素，面临许多突出的问题。如何有效解决这些问题，已经成为制度进一步发展并顺利发挥其积极作用的关键。该文以宜宾市新型农村合作医疗试点工作的开展为例，通过对试点区县现状、问题的介绍，旨在为解决问题、实现制度的良性运行和可持续发展提出相应的对策建议。