(Mis)Understanding the Impact of Online Fraud: Implications for Victim Assistance Schemes

Australia provides victims of violent crime access to financial support to assist with recovery, excluding victims of nonviolent offences. The author examines the experiences of online fraud victims, and details how the impacts experienced extend beyond financial losses, to include deterioration in health and well-being, relationship breakdown, homelessness, and unemployment, and in the worst cases, suicidal ideation. Using online fraud as a case study, the author argues eligibility to access victim assistance schemes should consider harms suffered rather than the offence experienced. Consequently, the author advocates a shift in eligibility criteria of victim assistance schemes to facilitate much-needed support to online fraud victims.     

Recovering religion: practising intersectoral cooperation in a time of cholera

ABSTRACT

Due to social and historical forces resistant to predictions of religion’s waning influence in the modern world, responses to contemporary epidemics continue to involve local religious entities and global religious networks. This viewpoint draws on the history of the 1854 cholera epidemic in London to highlight how histories of cooperation between religion and public health can help focus current thinking about the potential for intersectoral cooperation in response to modern epidemics.     

Mobilising faith-based and lay leaders to address antenatal care outcomes in northern Ghana

ABSTRACT

Despite the benefits of antenatal care, evidence from sub-Saharan Africa suggests that women often initiate these services after the first trimester of pregnancy and do not complete the recommended number of visits. This study examines the impact of mobilising faith-based and lay leaders to address the socio-cultural barriers to antenatal care uptake in northern Ghana in the context of a broader child survival project. A quasi-experimental design was used, and data were analysed using a difference-in-differences approach. The results presented in this article indicate the potential for faith-based and lay leaders to promote uptake of maternal and child health behaviours.     

Models of engagement between the state and the faith sector in sub-Saharan Africa – a systematic review

ABSTRACT

In sub-Saharan Africa many individuals rely on non-state health providers, and engagement between state and non-state providers is increasingly common. Little analytic work has been done on the varied models of engagement, resulting in a lack of clarity about the promises and challenges of public–private engagement (PPE) for health. Despite their prevalence, PPEs often fail. Faith-based health providers (FBHPs) form a significant proportion of the non-state health sector in sub-Saharan Africa, and the number of partnerships with FBHPs is increasing. Building on a prior systematic review project that developed a typology of organisational models for PPE for health, this article reports on a secondary analysis, highlighting PPE initiatives with FBHPs.     

新型农村合作医疗运行风险及其防范监控机制

在新型农村合作医疗制度由试点普及向规范持续运行转轨的关键时期,懈决医疗服务机构、参合农民、医疗保险机构、政府间的逆选择、道德风险及基金运行风险是合作医疗风险防范监管的核心。可以通过优化管理模式、健全管理机制,强化行政组织监督、社会监督、职能监督机制,健全风险防范的监督管理机制;同时通过基金风险预警机制、医疗服务费用控制、参合农民风险控制,实现风险防范的激励约束机制。     

政策利益相关者行为模式与规则的渐进调整——来自上海医疗卫生改革的经验

试图以上海医疗卫生改革政策制定和重构城市新型医疗服务体系为案例,对政策过程中利益相关者行为模式变化与政策规则调整的渐进主义特征做出解释.通过案例研究和制度分析的方法,本研究发现如何控制利益相关者的阻力行为以及强化决策者的预期信念,对于推动政策变迁的进程至关重要.上海市医疗卫生政策决策者是否能够进一步推进改革政策的进程在很大程度上不仅依赖于其对已有政策的效果(即相关者行为模式的变化与预期的方向相吻合或一致的限度),而且还取决于其对进一步改革政策下利益相关者行为模式变化的预期能力及其一致性的信念.     

Federal Family Drug Treatment Courts: Providing Positive Possibilities

Due to the lack of family drug treatment courts, families are often torn apart when a parent has a substance abuse problem. Children of substance abusers are often abused and neglected. However, children in these tough living situations fear seeking help because they do not want to be the reason that their family is torn apart and they are placed in the foster care system. This Note proposes a federal statute that requires all states to implement family drug treatment courts. These courts allow families to stay intact while providing the parent with the help that he or she needs.     

Addressing avoidable vision impairment in Mozambique and the Africa region

The Mozambique Eyecare Project was an international partnership to implement and research eye health education in Mozambique and the Africa region. An optometry degree was developed at Universidade Lúrio, Mozambique. In addition, existing eye health workers were upskilled with training. Researchers from various disciplines evaluated the project and its potential for impact on eye health in the region. The body of evidence generated from the research provides useful lessons for development programmes in general, as well as specific lessons for delivering eye health education and service delivery models for low-income settings.     

肝豆状核变性患者生命质量与中医证型的相关性研究

目的 探究肝豆状核变性（Wilsons disease,WD）患者生命质量的主要影响因素及其与中医证型的关系。方法 运用SF-36量表、抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale,SDS）调查186例WD患者的生命质量和情绪状况,并比较不同证型WD患者及参照人群SF-36量表各维度评分的差异;运用Pearson和Spearman相关分析及多元线性逐步回归研究SF-36量表各维度评分与各影响因素（包括患者性别、文化程度、居住地、病程等）的关系。结果 除精神健康维度外,男性WD患者其余7个维度评分显著低于男性参照人群（P＜0.01）;女性WD患者所有维度评分均显著低于女性参照人群（P＜0.01）。影响患者生命质量的因素较多,其中病程、费用支出方式、SDS评分对患者SF-36量表多个维度评分都呈负面影响。不同中医证型WD患者的生理功能、生理职能、社会功能、情感职能评分均显著低于参照人群（P<0.05,或P<0.01）;痰瘀互结型和肝肾阴虚型患者躯体疼痛评分显著低于痰湿中阻型（P＜0.01）,脾肾阳虚型患者的活力评分显著低于肝气郁结型（P＜0.05）,肝气郁结型患者的情感职能评分显著低于痰瘀互结型（P＜0.05）。结论 WD患者生命质量较正常人明显降低,不同证型患者的生命质量存在差异,对WD患者应早诊断、早治疗,加强农村患者的医疗保障。     

Emotional Labor and Job Stress in Caring Professions: Exploring Universalism and Particularism in Construct and Culture

Passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in the US increases demand for nurses and brings health care into the public sphere with all that entails, including public accountability and performance measurement. In the UK’s long-standing national healthcare system, revelations of several years of neglect and poor oversight at one hospital might have contributed to nearly 1,200 deaths. The resulting Francis Report cited, among many factors, undue emphasis on reaching national access targets and balancing budgets for substandard care. Scholars of emotional labor note these trends with interest, because emotional labor is essential to nursing practice. But is emotional labor a universal construct, or is it particular to cultural context? How much can be imported from one study to the next? We compare nurse job stress in individualist and collectivist countries and reveal a statistically significant relationship: The higher a country’s individualism index, the greater the frequency of emotional-labor-demanding job stress.