‘Working’ the international child protection case: a snapshot of local authorities’ experiences within an evolving legal context

Child protection proceedings often concern children with international connections. In recent years, the courts of England and Wales have handed down a number of significant judgments examining the application of international legal instruments (in particular Brussels IIa) to care proceedings. This article considers the impact of court judgments on the practical ‘working’ by Local Authorities of international child protection cases. A case study was conducted, oriented by socio-legal theory, consisting of a small number of qualitative interviews with Local Authority lawyers and social workers. The article concludes that some judgments have acted as a catalyst to change working practices for Local Authorities. However, international child protection cases present a variety of challenges for Local Authorities, and judgments provide an imperfect site for the provision of procedural and substantive guidance in this complex area. Further, there was often a tension between the need to conscientiously adhere to such guidance, and the welfare needs of the children with whom the Local Authority was concerned.     

Medical–Legal Partnerships: How Legal Services can Dramatically Improve Health Outcomes,and the Missed Opportunity to Help Women Seeking Abortions

There are significant health disparities in the United States, with low‐income and minority Americans experiencing higher rates of chronic disease and autoimmune disorders. Research has firmly established that social factors ‐ such as malnutrition, limited access to healthcare, and safe housing ‐ play a critical role in these health disparities. Medical‐Legal Partnerships are a relatively new approach to improving the health of people living in poverty by addressing the root causes of these health‐harming social factors. This article discusses the benefits of Medical‐Legal Partnerships and argues for continued expansion of the model, particularly in pediatricians’ offices, because parents are more likely to seek medical care for their children than themselves. This article further discusses how legal constraints prevent federal funding for Medical‐Legal Partnerships in abortion clinics; this creates a missed opportunity to work with women who are seeking abortions, many of whom face considerable social and economic challenges that could be addressed through legal assistance. This article digs into the legal restrictions that create this missed opportunity and proposes potential solutions to better serve the vulnerable population of abortion‐seeking women.     

Reducing Domestic Violence and Improving Outcomes for Children: Funding Civil Legal Aid to Maximize Impact

Domestic violence survivors and children in foster care often experience significant unmet civil legal needs. Legal aid services, when adequately funded, can help close the justice gap for these two populations while improving safety, stability, and court efficiencies. However, despite ample literature demonstrating how legal aid can improve outcomes, almost half of those seeking legal aid services are turned away due to lack of resources. This article reviews the research and data about how legal aid can improve outcomes for people in the domestic violence and child welfare contexts. It also discusses how several state‐administered federal funding opportunities—including the Victims of Crime Act (VOCA) Victim Assistance Formula Grant Program, Title IV‐D child support funds, and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) basic block grants—can fund the needed civil legal help.     

Guiding Principles for Family Justice Programs

The Association of Family and Conciliation Courts and Relate, UK, co‐convened a 24‐hour consultation at St George's House, Windsor, UK, on modern family justice issues across Europe. This article identifies a preliminary set of guiding principles for family justice programs developed by consultation participants.     

Finding a Safer Harbor: Mandating Health Care Clinics to Intervene in Child Sex Trafficking by Amending the Safe Harbor Act

When it comes to child sex trafficking, health care clinics have become spaces of duality. While these facilities provide medical care to child victims, many argue that this facilitates traffickers in concealing evidence of child sex trafficking. This Note proposes an amendment to New York's Safe Harbor Act and various sections of the Social Services Law to cure legislative ambiguity with respect to health care clinics. The amendment will mandate that all state‐run health care clinics implement a uniform process, utilizing mental health professionals and a standardized interview process, to identify and report instances of potential child sex trafficking.     

卫生监督中违法行为数事形态与处断实证研究(上)

在卫生监督中,对违法行为的连续与继续、牵连与吸收等行为形态的认定与处断,既欠缺明文规则,也未形成可有效指导实务的通说,类似违法行为处断各异给卫生行政处罚法律适用带来了困难.本文以卫生监督中该类典型违法行为形态为例,对其事数认定和处断进行实证分析.     

信用证欺诈例外原则研究--从加拿大一起案例看我国司法实践中应注意的问题

为抑制信用证欺诈、维护诚实信用的国际贸易环境 ,信用证欺诈例外原则的运用需突破信用证的独立性 ,将信用证交易与基础合同交易联系起来考查。这是对信用证独立原则的例外。加拿大最高法院于 1 987年审结一起有关信用证欺诈例外原则的著名案例BankofNovaScodiaappellantv .Angelica -WhitewearLTD .andAngelicaCorpo rationRespondents,成功地总结了英美法国家处理信用证欺诈问题的立法、判例。本文从介绍该案入手 ,结合国际公约和现有立法、判例、法学理论 ,分析信用证欺诈例外原则确立的必要性及适用条件 ,以期为我国在新形势下完善有关信用证欺诈的立法、司法作理论上的探讨     

香港建造业关怀基金在维护工人权益中的地位和作用

“建造业关怀基金”是香港建造业惟一的非盈利慈善团体,按香港税务法例第88条注册.它为工业意外的死亡工友家属,提供灾危援助及善后的系列服务,弥补了政府服务的不足及法例的缺失.“建造业关怀基金”的启动,亦引起了工会的深刻反思.如何维护香港法律框架之外,非工伤伤亡工人的权益,是工会所要解决的重要问题之一.     

俄罗斯人口健康问题初探

20世纪90年代至今,俄罗斯出现了严重的人口危机,不仅人口数量下降,人口的健康状况也存在很多问题,如居民的卫生条件差、饮食营养结构缺乏科学性、日常生活习惯不健康等。俄罗斯联邦政府努力加大医生的培养力度、增加医疗卫生拨款、提高社会福利待遇、改善人民生活、倡导健康生活方式、努力延长人口平均寿命。     

植入式广告的法律规制研究

植入式广告作为一种新颖的营销方式,近年得以快速发展。植入式广告在本质上仍然属于广告,这使得植入式广告的隐蔽性和广告规制所要求的广告可识别性之间存在冲突。如果不将植入式广告纳入到广告规制法律体系中,会对消费者权益、媒体以及现行广告规制体系等都构成极大的损害。但是,过于严厉的规制方式则会扼杀植入式广告的价值。因此,对于植入式广告的规制需要针对其隐蔽性特点而在规制方式上有所变化:一方面,根据植入式广告可能的危害程度进行区分,以类型化的方式予以规制;另一方面,通过对广告披露的方式、程度进行相应的规定,健全广告信息披露制度,从而抑制植入式广告的负面效果。