Factors Associated with the One-year Probation Outcome: A Self-report Study in Hong Kong

Why are some probationers able to comply with the sentence? Why do some fail to do so? In order to answer these questions, the article examines cross-sectional data collected from a selected group of Chinese offenders who were put on a one-year probation sentence in Hong Kong. It, in particular, aims at identifying the relative effects of four types of predictors, namely demographic, socio-economic, criminal history and probation intervention, on the probation outcome. For the purpose of this study, the probation outcome is the self-report data of the probationer at the end of the sentence. Logistic regression analyses revealed that self-reported reoffending was significantly related to peer involvement in criminal activities and triad association, a previous probation sentence, a urine test requirement and the offenders’ positive view of probation officers.     

高官问责制度构建模式的多维比较——以中国内地和香港为分析案例

不同国家和地区发展阶段、历史传统和现实环境,决定了其面临不同的制约与困境,进而形成了不同的问责制度构建模式。选择中国内地和香港地区为案例,以集中比较分析为理论视角,经由对两地问责制度出台背景与内涵特征的对比研究,挖掘出二者在构建模式上的多维差异并得出结论:从决策程序层面,内地高官问责制度是以危机决策形式发生,而香港高官问责制度则遵循了一般意义上的常规决策程序;从制度构成层面,内地高官问责制是基于单项规则的推进,而香港高官问责制更强调制度体系的整体构建;从改革性质层面,内地选择在行政管理改革框架内推行高官问责制,而香港高官问责制则属于政治体制层面的尝试性改革。在此基础上进一步认为,在制度背景和改革序列意义上,两地问责制度的构建模式并无优劣之分,而只是路径依赖作用下的理性选择。     

Chinese Organised Crime

Secret societies have always been endemic to Chinese overseas communities, surviving on fear and corruption and prospering through their involvement in a wide range of legal and illegal businesses. For many years, Hong Kong was seen as the 'capital' of this worldwide Chinese criminal fraternity and, in the 1980s, many outside observers and analysts thought the gangs that were based in the then British colony would leave once it reverted to Chinese rule in 1997. In the end, the reverse turned out to be the case. Not only did the Hong Kong Triads make arrangements with the territory's new overlords, but in Chinatowns all over the world, close links were also forged with mainland Chinese interests. In China itself, where cutthroat capitalism has replaced the old, austere socialist system, new secret societies, both Triad-linked criminal groups and various syncretic sects, are also expanding at a breathtaking pace. An entirely new breed of entrepreneurs is emerging on the fringes of China. The businesslike and well-connected, pinstriped suit-wearing managers of the Sun Yee On Triad have shown where the future lies, while gangsters are breaking new ground in such new frontiers as the Russian Far East, which could have far-reaching consequences for the stability of the entire region.     

香港警队枪械训练对内地警察武器使用训练的启示

依法使用武器是法律赋予警察的权力，是维护社会治安、惩治违法犯罪、保护人民群众和警察生命安全的有力武器。而警察武器使用的训练是一个技能与法律法规密切结合的实战训练，也是一个不断发现问题和解决问题，熟能生巧的、有制度的、严格规范的、长期的、永恒的训练过程。香港警队的警务实战训练代表了世界最先进、最科学、最实用的训练水平，他们的枪械训练为内地警察武器使用的训练提供了很好的训练思路和训练方向。在目前形势下，我们应借鉴香港警队先进的训练理念和训练模式，开拓我们的思路，促使我们的警察武器使用训练发生质的变化，走上一个崭新的台阶，使训练与实际执法真正的结合起来。     

“海河儿女欢庆香港回归大联欢”活动回顾

1997年由天津市总工会承办的＂海河儿女欢庆香港回归大联欢＂活动,场面盛大而热烈,广大基层单位与群众积极参与,组织者作了精心策划。其成功,取决于这样三点重要因素：领导重视、组织严密和通力协作。     

廖承志与新中国的港澳统战

廖承志与港澳渊源深厚，有着广泛的社会关系，这为他长期从事港澳统战工作提供了基本条件。本文主要阐述新中国成立后廖承志对港澳同胞开展广泛的统战工作，尤其是基于港澳同胞的切身利益解决香港问题所做的贡献。     

1760年西方商人对设立公行的抗议

1760年广州十三行商人在地方官府的指示下成立了贸易垄断联合机构——公行，招致西方各贸易公司商务代表——大班们的抗议。本文在深入研读荷、英原始档案的基础上，试图简要回顾西方各国大班如何协调彼此意见以及如何与行商及当地官员交涉，以应对公行的设立。     

浅谈港澳台和海外统战工作的整体化推进

港澳台和海外统战工作是国家统一战线工作中的重要组成部分,是国家统一战线工作大系统中的四个重要子系统。整体化推进港澳台和海外统战工作,可以实现港澳台和海外统战工作效果最大化。应树立港澳台和海外统战工作的全局整体化推进理念,加强国家各级统战工作部门及港澳台和海外统战工作的整体化建构。     

China,globalisation and the World Trade Organisation

This article claims that membership of the WTO will help industrialisation, rather than make China more dependent. Hedley Bull's realist paradigm helps to understand why China joined this organisation, any counter arguments are wishful thinking. Friedrich List's ideas for self-reliant industrialisation were used successfully by Mao Zedong, but globalisation has changed development strategy. Globalisation, if handled wrongly can make China jobless, voiceless, rootless, ruthless and futureless. If handled right, it can strengthen independence, sovereignty and self-reliance. The Chinese government needs stable external, as well as internal economic conditions. There are benefits for the vast majority of Chinese, but there are also possible disadvantages. David Ricardo's “comparative advantage” has not really helped Less Developed Countries, on the other hand, China should not become a crumbled “Somalia,” this means that China has to engage with globalisation, and this means also the WTO. After all, agency does exist and globalisation is a “two-edged sword.”     

Sharecropping contracts in rural India: A note

In this article we examine the terms of sharecropping contracts using data from rural India. We examine the effect of - (1) the sharing of input costs between landlord and tenant; (2) the tenant's capacity to borrow; and (3) the existence of outside employment opportunities for the tenant — on the share parameter. We regress the share paid by the household on a set of cultivating household and village level characteristics and find that cost sharing and the existence of outside employment opportunities significantly affect the share parameter.