Hungary's pre-accession strategy to the European Union in education, training and research

The article presents an analysis of the expected impact of EU accession on the Hungarian education, training and academic research system with a number of recommendations for an integration policy in these sectors. The first part of the article develops four themes: (1) the current level of preparation of the country for accession in the education sector, (2) the possible longer term benefits of accession, (3) the shorter term costs and (4) the most important elements of a policy of integration. A distinction is made between material and cultural, and that of political cost and benefits, the stress being laid on the second. One of the conclusions of the author is that accession may open up a number of new opportunities for the development and modernisation of the country but that these can be exploited only if the country has a coherent sectorial strategy. Specific preparation actions are proposed in the areas of school education, higher education, vocational training and research policy. The article presents a list of the most important short term government measures and the needs for institutional development. It also makes a proposal for possible further themes of investigation and research. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Education cooperation in the European Union at the threshold of the New Millenium

The principles of ‘double relevance’ and ‘user-friendliness’ are seen as being essential for the implementation of the EU education programmes SOCRATES II and LEONARDO da VINCI II. Against the background of the acquis in EU education cooperation two points are explored: a) the articles of the Treaty are not fully used, and b) the framework set is increasingly proving to be too restrictive. The Luxemburg process and the Bologna conference are the reason for the second point. The opinion is put forward that the exchanges of students and teachers and the information exchange can be further europeanized and, eventually, be organized in permanent European structures. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

高师文科生科学文化素质的调查报告

该调查报告,以国际公认的公众科学素养的标准,调查江苏高师文科生科学文化素质的现状,发现文科生科技知识贫乏,科学素养低下。高师对在文科生中开展科学文化教育不重视;已开设综合性科技知识课程的,又存在教学内容上的缺陷,忽略科学方法、科学思想、科学精神的教育。报告探讨了在高师文科生中开展科学文化教育的必要性,提出了选择科学文化教育内容的原则,以及开展科学文化教育的方式与关键     

新中国科技强军之路

依靠科学技术实现军队和国防现代化, 是中国共产党人一以贯之的指导方针。党的第一代领导集体开创了依靠科学技术实现军队和国防现代化的道路, 党的第二代领导集体解决了依靠科学技术实现军队和国防现代化的根本问题, 党的第三代领导集体规划了我军建设的宏图, 全面实施了科技强军战略。在党的三代领导集体的坚强领导下, 经过５０ 年的艰苦奋斗, 军队和国防现代化建设不断迈上了新的台阶。     

中西医结合治疗肺结核108例

目的：探讨中药回生灵系列与化疗药物相结合治疗肺结核的疗效。方法：将２０５例肺结核住院患者分为两组,治疗组１０８例,对照组９７例,进行临床疗效的对比分析,结果：治疗组具有迅速缓解肺结核症状,减轻化疗的不良反应和耐药性,促进病灶吸收好转,提高免疫力等功效。     

按生产要素分配的理论与实践——兼谈按劳分配与按生产要素分配相结合

生产要素主要是指劳动、资本、土地和经营才能。收益在不同的生产要素之间进行分配, 各生产要素在获取报酬时, 是以让渡自己的产权为前提条件的。在改制企业, 工资分配与红利分配的关系越来越紧密, 收入差距将继续扩大。工资改革的基本思路是： 依托企业产权制度改革, 培育和完善市场主体, 建立合理的收入分层机制, 实现三大分配原则, 保证收入分配与社会经济目标和企业经营目标的融合与协调。     

准噶尔盆地南缘区域羊鼻蝇的发生世代调查

以新疆准噶尔盆地南缘区域为调查点,应用昆虫系统调查法进行羊鼻蝇生活史调查,并对其各虫态期进行了测算和分析。结果发现：羊鼻蝇幼虫的百分比曲线呈不等称双峰型,发育速率时快时慢,冬季有滞育现象;该地区羊鼻蝇的发生世代为１ ａ ２ 代,２ 代所用时间不等,且世代重叠     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒北京分离株的ORF7克隆与序列分析

将北京地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（ＰＲＲＳＶ） 分离株ＢＪ２ 和ＢＪ４ 的ＯＲＦ ７ 及部分３’端非编码区（ ＵＴＲ） 的ＲＴＰＣＲ 扩增产物克隆连接于ｐ ＧＥＭＴｅａｓｙ 质粒载体上,重组质粒经ＥｃｏＲ Ⅰ酶切鉴定后进行了双链测序。测定的基因序列与欧美标准毒株已知序列比较发现,ＢＪ２ 和ＢＪ４ 株与美洲ＶＲ２３３２ 株非常接近,在其长度为５５５ ｂｐ 的ｃＤＮＡ 序列中,仅与ＶＲ２３３２ 株分别相差１ 和２ 个核苷酸,其中ＯＲＦ ７ 的核苷酸序列与ＶＲ２３３２ 株同源性分别高达１００ ％ 和９９ ．４６ ％ ,其推导的氨基酸序列与ＶＲ２３３２ 株同源性分别为１００ ％ 和９９ ．２５ ％ ,３’ＵＴＲ 则完全相同;而与欧洲ＬＶ 株则有明显差异,其核苷酸序列同源性仅为６８ ．００ ％ 和６７ ．００ ％ ,推测的氨基酸序列同源性仅有６５ ．００ ％ 和６４ ．００ ％ ,且ＢＪ２ 和ＢＪ４ 株与ＬＶ 株相比缺失了ＫＫＳＴＡＰＭ 和ＡＳＱＧ 两段氨基酸序列,而３’ＵＴＲ 则比ＬＶ 株多出３８ ｎｔ 的一段特征性核苷酸序列。序列分析结果表明,ＢＪ２ 和ＢＪ４ 株属于同一基因型,且具有ＶＲ２３３２ 株的基因特点     

猪瘟病毒E_2基因疫苗表达抗原在小白鼠胫前肌的分布及消长

用免疫组化法检测了猪瘟病毒（ＨＣＶ）Ｅ２囊膜糖蛋白基因疫苗表达的抗原在小白鼠胫前肌中的分布及消长。结果：ＨＣＶＥ２基因疫苗ｐＣＤＳＴ接种小白鼠胫前肌后,表达的Ｅ２抗原主要分布于肌纤维膜上,少量分布于肌纤维间,在细胞浆中很难检测到Ｅ２抗原;用ＨＣＶ基因疫苗免疫后１ｄ,Ｅ２抗原已有表达,１３ｄ抗原达高峰,以后逐渐减少,３０ｄ仅检测到少量抗原。     

甜菜碱对感染巨型艾美球虫雏鸡生理生化参数的影响

对雏鸡接种巨型艾美球虫前１ｄ,在饲料中分别添加甜菜碱和马杜拉霉素,感染后第５,８,１１和１４ｄ测定鸡血液的有关生理和生化指标。结果表明,雏鸡白细胞、红细胞和血红蛋白的变化对该球虫非常敏感,这些指标可作为评估球虫感染状况的监测指标;并认为感染雏鸡电解质平衡紊乱是导致其死亡的主要原因之一;同时表明甜菜碱的抗球虫作用明显,对机体的电解质紊乱有改善作用,马杜拉霉素在控制球虫感染时对改善机体电解质紊乱的作用很小。