冷应激对雏鸡空肠黏膜前列腺素E2含量和环氧合酶-2 mRNA表达的影响

以15日龄健康雏鸡为试验对象,进行急性和慢性冷应激(12±1)℃处理,检测空肠黏膜前列腺素E2(PGE2)含量和环氧合酶-2(COX-2)mRNA的表达量。结果显示,急性冷应激时空肠黏膜PGE2含量和COX-2mRNA的表达量无显著变化;慢性冷应激时,空肠黏膜PGE2含量和COX-2mRNA表达量均显著升高,并随着冷应激时间的延长而降低。说明冷应激可引起雏鸡空肠黏膜PGE2含量和COX-2mRNA表达量的变化,这些变化可能在冷应激对肠道的损伤中起一定的作用。     

猪圆环病毒2型感染性克隆的构建

为进一步研究猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的致病机制和基因功能,利用PCR方法从河北保定株(HBBD0608)猪PCV2病料中获得了PCV2全基因组序列,将其定向克隆入pEGFP-N1载体,成功构建了PCV2全基因组串联双拷贝的重组质粒pEGFP-N1-2PCV2.将该质粒转染PK-15细胞并连续盲传5代,用PCR方法可以在转染后盲传的细胞中检测到PCV2核酸;间接免疫荧光可以检测到绿色荧光,表明有PCV2抗原存在.证明构建的双拷贝重组质粒具有感染性.     

从“北溪-2”项目看德俄关系及俄美欧三方博弈

作为两个重要的地区大国,德国与俄罗斯的关系对彼此和欧洲都有着重要影响。在双边关系中,能源因素因其对国民经济生产的决定性意义长期发挥着“稳定器”的作用。2018年9月,由德俄牵头,法国、奥地利与荷兰合资建造的“北溪-2”天然气管道项目正式动工铺设。该项目将使输往欧洲的俄罗斯天然气绕开乌克兰,经过波罗的海海底直接连通德俄两国,德国由此成为俄罗斯天然气最重要的转运国。此举虽然在双边层面上保证了德俄的能源经济安全,但在多边层面却招致欧盟、美国等多方反对。因担心会进一步加深对俄罗斯能源的依赖,欧盟委员会及中东欧国家欲诉诸法律对该项目施以约束;美国在制裁项目企业的同时转而向波兰、乌克兰等国出口液化天然气,在利用政治机遇抢占欧洲市场的同时试图制衡俄罗斯的影响力。在多方力量博弈中,德国需要在平衡俄美欧关系中付出更多努力。     

大鼠脑损伤后慢性病程中CaM与nNOS的免疫组化研究

探索脑损伤后存活一段时间死亡者脑损伤诊断指标。利用液压冲击装置 ,造成大鼠实验性闭合性脑损伤 ;并用抗 Ca M与 n NOS抗体 ,对鼠脑伤后 3d、1、3、4、8周脑内 Ca M与 n NOS的变化规律进行研究。Ca M与 n NOS染色结果显示 :伤侧鼠脑皮质阳性细胞数、阳性细胞平均灰度、海马平均灰度均较对照组有显著下降 ,在 1周时有回升 ,3、4、8周时有不同的反应。说明通过检测 Ca M与 n NOS的免疫反应性来判断脑损伤的程度和损伤时间有一定的可行性和应用前景     

杀虫双的检验和质谱解析

本文用气相色谱/质谱联用方法检验杀虫双,并解析杀虫双的质谱图.     

“The Mother of Reason and Revelation”: Benjamin on the Metaphysics of Language

This paper is a reconstruction of Walter Benjamin's philosophy of language, especially as it expressed in 1916's “On Language as Such and the Language of Man”. I read Benjamin's theory as a contribution to what Charles Taylor has called the “expressivist” tradition that includes eighteenth century thinkers like J.G. Herder and J.G. Hamann. Hamann's work and his interpretation of the theological concept of condescension are of particular importance. Although Benjamin's views are often regarded as impenetrable or mystical, they are relevant to and, in part, motivated by concerns of more mainstream twentieth century philosophy of language, in particular Russell's paradox. His “metaphysics of language” understands reference or designation, central to analytic theories of meaning, as derived from a more fundamental, aesthetic meaning.     

Integrating Concerns with Climate Change into Local Development Planning in Cambodia

Integration of climate change adaptation with development planning at multiple scales is widely seen as preferable to reactive, fragmented, or highly centralized responses. At the same time, there are growing concerns on when intervention is most appropriate, the transaction costs of coordination, and the adequacy of institutional capacity at local levels, especially in developing countries. This article examines entry points and mechanisms for integrating concerns with climate change into local development planning in Cambodia. An institutional ethnography of the planning process indicates that subnational planning is participatory and flexible; and thus, provides plausible entry points to integrate climate change concerns. Case study methods applied to two externally supported, climate‐resilient development projects identify promising mechanisms and strategies, as well as obstacles to integration. A vulnerability reduction assessment tool and top‐up grant scheme both included promising deliberative and participatory elements from which lessons for future and elsewhere can be drawn. At the same time, key stakeholders concede that local integration more widely is hampered by multiple obstacles, including weak institutional capacity, low community participation, and lack of resources and incentives. Addressing these challenges requires political commitments for good governance, capacity development, and additional resources.     

2型糖尿病患者常见体质与IL-6、IL-10、IL-10R1基因多态性的相关性研究

目的 研究2型糖尿病人群常见体质类型阴虚质、痰湿质与白细胞介素 6（interleukin 6, IL 6）、白细胞介素 10（interleukin 10,IL 10）、白细胞介素 10受体1（interleukin 10 receptor 1,IL 10R1） 基因多态性的相关性,筛选2型糖尿病常见中医体质的部分易感基因,为2型糖尿病的早期防治提供一定的依据。方法 收集2型糖尿病患者共395例,进行基因检测,应用聚合酶链反应 限制性片段长度多态性（PCR RFLP）技术检测IL 6的rs1800796位点、IL 10的rs1800871位点、IL 10R1的rs2228055位点,进行基因分型。参照中华中医药学会《中医体质分类与判定》进行中医体质辨识。对2型糖尿病常见体质类型阴虚质、痰湿质与IL 6、IL 10、IL 10R1基因多态性的相关性进行统计分析。结果 痰湿质组IL 10 rs1800871 CT基因型比例明显低于非痰湿质CT基因型比例（30.4% vs 45.9%,χ2=6.137,P=0.013）。以IL 10 rs1800871 CC为参照,IL 10 rs1800871 CT为2型糖尿病阴虚质的主要危险因素（P=0.019,OR=2.593,95% CI为1.710～5.746）;以IL 10 rs1800871 CT为参照,IL 10 rs1800871 TT为2型糖尿病痰湿质的主要危险因素（P=0.025,OR=1.809,95% CI为1.076～3.041）。结论 IL 10 rs1800871位点CT基因型是2型糖尿病阴虚质患者的危险因素,IL 10 rs1800871位点TT基因型是2型糖尿病痰湿质患者的危险因素,IL 10基因多态性可能是2型糖尿病阴虚质、痰湿质的分子遗传学基础之一。     

Prodrugs of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS): A New Challenge

The concept of a substance acting as a prodrug for an intended drug is not new and has been known and utilized with particular benefits within medicine for efficacy and patient safety. Prodrugs of psychoactive substances are also not particularly new but this has also extended to considerations of prodrugs of new psychoactive substances (NPS). The continuing evolution of NPS has been a constant forensic challenge. In some countries, this constant evolution has led to the introduction of various alternative methods of drug control. Whether for this reason or in the pursuit of user experimentation, prodrugs of NPS have been discussed, developed, and exploited, posing some distinct forensic challenges. This is especially the case within toxicological analysis of biological fluids and for some substances, also forensic chemical analysis, through inherent instability of the prodrug or metabolism in the body. Particular examples of NPS prodrugs include 1-propanoyl-LSD, 1-butanoyl-LSD, 1-acetyl-LSD, and 2C-B-AN. This is in addition to associated substances and medicines that may be used for an intended pharmacological effect. Various prodrugs for stimulant and hallucinogenic substances in particular have appeared in the literature and have been discussed within drug user forums and made available for purchase online. Presently, drug monitoring data from national and international systems indicate that prodrugs are not widely available or problematic. Nevertheless, it is important that there is sufficient awareness of the prodrug concept and potential impact and associated forensic implications, not just for chemical analysis but also for toxicological considerations when a substance has been used.