论人类共同继承财产理论的新发展——基于“一带一路”倡议的促动

伴随人类科技与文明的高速发展,人类共同继承财产理论中关于资源的所有权归属和实体财富的分配等要素已无法满足现代国际社会的发展需求。“一带一路”倡议在尊重《联合国宪章》的宗旨与和平共处五项原则的前提下,从国际关系的变迁、客体类型的扩大和法律规范的转型三个方面促动了人类共同继承财产理论的深化发展。在此基础上,加强“一带一路”倡议与现行国际法理论的互动研究,以期推动形成一项以人类命运共同体思想为核心的拟议国际法原则。     

民法总则民商主体界分的制度缺陷与完善思路

民法总则关于民商主体界分的整体制度设计因自然人与法人的不同而分别遵循了不同的逻辑标准,但都直接体现或隐含了“营利性目的”的内涵。民法总则民商主体界分制度在概念使用和标准贯彻上存在逻辑缺陷,进而导致实践中可能面临诸多难题。可行的完善思路是对商自然人的主体制度建构采取由基本法确立营业权和由单行法规定具体规则的方式;用“组织”作为主体概念统领“法人”和“非法人组织”;将商组织的具体制度纳入民法典专编或者商事基本法加以规定,并且在民商主体界分时采取法律判定与事实判定相结合的模式。     

Does fertiliser use improve household welfare? Evidence from Ghana’s cocoa industry

This article analyses welfare impacts of fertiliser adoption using data collected from 838 cocoa farm households in the four key cocoa-producing regions in Ghana. Using propensity score matching (PSM), the study indicates that application of fertiliser leads to significant gains in farm yields, farm income, consumption expenditure, consumption expenditure per capita, and value of productive farm assets. The article concludes that cocoa-specific programmes such as Cocoa High Technology (Cocoa Hi-tech), initiated to intensify the application of improved farm technologies such as fertiliser, should be strengthened through effective and efficient management systems.     

Taiwan in the Caribbean: a case study in state de-recognition

The rich and complex recent International Political Sociology (IPS) literature on state recognition has completely ignored the process of de-recognition. The present article uses the case study of Taiwan’s efforts to preserve its ‘diplomatic allies’ in the Caribbean in order to fill this gap. Taking advantage of the IPS development of the constitutive theory of recognition, it introduces and analyses the concept of state de-recognition while emphasizing the deep contradiction between present international law principles and the political reality of national identity building as well as the de-linking of political science and international law understandings of recognition made possible by the progress of the constitutive theory. De-recognition is perceived as resulting in a hierarchical relationship between recognized and de-recognized political entities that is arbitrary and ethically questionable as it ultimately reflects the denial of the right to self-determination of peoples.     

Unpacking the Presumed Statelessness of Rohingyas1

ABSTRACT

The decades-old Rohingya problem, which has affected Myanmar and other Southeast Asia countries, has long been defined in terms of forced migration, statelessness, and humanitarian crisis. As the problems involving Rohingya refugees, forced migrants, and internally displaced persons are commonly believed to have stemmed from the highly discriminatory 1982 Citizenship Law, international advocacy has focused on amending or repealing the law as the ultimate solution. Despite the law's several discriminatory provisions, this article argues that the real problem primarily lies in a lack of implementation by successive Myanmar governments and the Rohingya's arbitrary deprivation of the right to nationality and citizenship documentation.     

行政复议适用调解方式的正当性与可行性研究

我国的社会主义法治要求从实体上和程序上切实维护广大人民群众的民主权利和合法利益,尤其要保障当事人的程序权利。调解是行政程序的重要内容,具有正当性,应当充分尊重当事人对解决行政纠纷调解方式的选择权。在法治视野下,调解作为解决行政纠纷的重要手段,在行政复议过程中具有可行性,如调解契合行政复议的立法精神,有助于提高行政效率,有效化解社会矛盾,提升政府公信力。在行政复议乃至行政诉讼的实践中,调解已被广泛运用,而且调解已成为国际上解决行政纠纷的通例。我们要用社会主义法治理念武装头脑,应当建立和全面推动行政复议调解制度,促进社会主义和谐社会建设。     

关于证人不得强迫自证其罪特权之研究

不得强迫自证其罪的特权包括犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的不得强迫自证其罪的权利,也包括证人的不得强迫自证其罪的权利。由于我国没有建立不得强迫自证其罪的特权,这就使得证人作证制度不够完善,难以在刑事诉讼中发挥应有的作用。因此,在借鉴英、美、日等国立法经验的基础上,构建我国证人不得强迫自证其罪特权,必须确立证人不得强迫自证其罪的特权,建立证人豁免制度,完善我国的不起诉制度,以此切实保障证人的合法权益,确保刑事诉讼工作得以顺利开展。     

略析国际海上犯罪刑法适用

国际海上犯罪国际刑法适用模式有两种 ,一般采用间接适用模式。国际海上犯罪中国刑法适用一般规则 ,首先是确定国际海上犯罪刑事管辖权和剖析国际海上犯罪行为特征 ,然后比照中国刑法有关条款规定的犯罪行为特征 ,离解国际海上犯罪整体行为和整合国际海上犯罪具体行为 ,依照中国刑法确定其行为性质 ,如是就可以准确认定其中国刑法规范的罪名。     

试析基层党务工作者的刑事法律主体资格

作者根据担任基层党务工作者的辩护律师的体会 ,认为司法实践中把基层党务工作者上作为国家工作人员是错误的 ,论文从《刑法》、党章党规及有关司法解释的层面得出基层党务工作者不属《刑法》十三条中的“国家工作人员”的结论。     

WTO对跨国公司限制竞争行为的规制与中国反垄断法的完善

GATT/WTO多边贸易规则弱化了政府管理、干预贸易与投资的权力,推动了跨国公司的发展与壮大。但跨国公司实施的固定价格、数量与分割市场、滥用市场支配地位等限制竞争的行为,不仅对东道国的经济秩序与消费者利益有消极影响,而且会形成新的市场准入壁垒,损害各方通过WTO谈判而取得的市场准入的期待利益。各方利益冲突致使短期内WTO不可能形成统一、有效的竞争规则。中国应密切关注WTO框架内竞争规则的讨论,力求制订符合国际发展潮流的竞争规则。针对在华跨国公司限制竞争行为的形式与特点,中国在反垄断立法、执法中应建立完善的价格预警机制、并购报批程序、区别措施、宽大政策、国际合作机制等。