增权理论视阈下对新生代农民工城市融入的介入

新生代农民工的城市融入性问题已成为影响城市发展、成果公平分享和中国社会良性转型的重大现实问题,运用增权理论对新生代农民工的城市融入性问题进行解读,自身权能的缺失和无权感使他们难以对城市社会产生归属感,解决这一问题的有效途径就是通过社会工作的干预和帮助,挖掘其潜能,从个体层面、人际关系层面、社会参与层面增强对权利的认识,减少或消除无权感、无助感,实现增权。即个体层面的增权：提升主体意识,增强认同感;人际关系层面的增权：扩大社会交往的范围,提升社会交往的层次;社会参与层面的增权：完善社会参与渠道,增强话语权。从个人能力、人际交往、社会参与三个方面进行增权,使之更好地融入城市社会。     

行政管理体制改革背景下市县分等研究

市县分等是行政区划改革的一项重要内容,同时又是理论研究与改革实践中的薄弱方面。在现阶段它是推进我国行政机构改革,降低行政成本,提高行政管理效率的有效途径。通过市县分等可确定不同市、县可设机构的范围,治理地方自设机构的膨胀,为政府机构人员编制管理提供科学依据和明确的量化标准。此外,实现分等有助高层政府及时了解基层县市的基本状况,强化中央对地方的管理。市县分等必须综合考虑人口、面积、经济规模、区位及政治地位等因素。     

农民工城居子女义务教育问题研究

20世纪90年代以来,农民工城居子女的义务教育问题日益引起人们的关注。农民工城居子女在义务教育阶段存在的问题折射的是体制性问题,与我国的户籍管理、财政制度、税收政策、社会保障、公民权利等一系列问题密切相关。保障农民工城居子女接受义务教育的权利,亟需中央和各级政府更有效地对此承担起责任,为农民工城居子女的义务教育提供制度保障和政策支持。     

天水城市主题文化的确立及战略意义

确立城市主题文化是增强城市竞争力,确立城市发展品牌的需要。天水的城市发展已经到了一个新的发展起点上,应该通过分析论证来确立天水城市主题文化,以便于用城市主题文化来引领经济、文化、产业发展的各个方面,使天水的城市发展走向高级阶段。     

北京城管综合执法情况的初步调查

相对集中行政处罚权是《行政处罚法》确立的一项重要制度。城市管理综合执法是相对集中行政处罚权的产物。我国目前尚未出台一部系统的相对集中行政处罚权实施法规。相对集中行政处罚权的行使在不同的地区或城市存在较大的差异,也暴露出很多问题。建议及时总结14年来北京城管执法工作,加强城管综合执法研究,深化依法行政。     

Keeping Creativity Downtown: Policy Learning from San Francisco,Seattle, and Vancouver for Municipal Cultural Planning in Toronto

I examine Toronto's interest in the policy learning process regarding possible solutions to development pressure downtown though understanding policies from San Francisco, Seattle, and Vancouver. Grounded by the analysis of creative city interventions and incorporating a theoretical framework of policy adaptation, the investigation is informed by interviews with fifty-one multi-sector stakeholders, historical and archival materials, and policy documents. Return to urban living and the creative cities movement challenge city centers in preserving creative and cultural businesses and organizations. Emergent data themes include: (1) research and strategic planning; (2) stakeholder partnerships; and (3) economic development incorporating economic benefit and social good.     

Public Policy in the Party City: The Spectacle of Culture,Gender, and Locality

The article explores the bidding process for the European Capital of Culture (ECOC) award, an aspect of local regeneration policy reliant upon a specific conception of culture. The process is examined in terms of changes in urban layout, manifestations of cultural and community identity, media representations, and the spectacle of culture, gender, and locality. The process is viewed as an urban managerialist project, driven by private and public sector elites in pursuit of economic rather than cultural goals. A narrow and particular view of culture was employed in the bidding process to achieve essentially managerial goals, and cut adrift from significant issues of gender, identity, and class. “Culture,” as conceived within the ECOC process, is viewed as a policy product of local government, regeneration partnerships, government agencies, and business interests, in contrast to culture as a way of life or lived urban experience. As an elite process, the voices of local culture were largely excluded.     

City Management in the United States and Norway: A Comparative Analysis of Professional Orientations

This analysis examines the effects of political culture on the nature and practice of professional local government management by comparing the structures, responsibilities, and relationships of city administrative executives in the democratic countries of the United States and Norway. The findings suggest that, despite fundamental differences in societal institutions and settings, American and Norwegian city managers serve similar roles in their respective local government organizations. However, the notable variations in the processes of municipal management identified between the two nations appear to reflect the contextual influence of divergent political foundations on the operational environment of professional public administrators.     

北京市新生代农民工城市融人意愿研究

根据国家人口与计划生育委员会2011年和2012年"流动人口动态监测项目"北京地区调查数据和北京市人口与计划生育委员会2012年"北京市流动人口的生存状况与未来预期"项目数据,目前北京的新生代农民工已占农民工整体的一半以上,受教育程度有所提高,面临较大的婚育压力。在城市融入意愿方面,大多数新生代农民工积极评价北京的变化,具有强烈的融入意愿;制约新生代农民工城市融入的主要障碍,有户籍制度等制度性因素,市场能力等经济性因素,以及社会参与不足、人际交往狭窄、居住空间隔离等社会和心理因素。为解决以上问题,需要正确认识与处理控制北京市人口规模与促进新生代农民工的城市融入的关系;创新社区管理体制,调动新生代农民工参与社区服务、社区活动的积极性与主动性,推动新生代农民工实现社区融入;加强对新生代农民工的职业培训,逐步实行城乡统一的劳动力市场就业制度;营造一个有利于新生代农民工融入城市的和谐宽容的社会心理环境。     

Mapping Urban Revitalization: Using GIS Spatial Analysis to Evaluate a New Housing Policy

This longitudinal, multimethod study uses geographical information system (GIS) software to evaluate the community-wide impact of a neighborhood revitalization project. Unsystematic visual examination and analysis of GIS maps are offered as a complementary tool to quantitative analysis and one that is much more compelling, meaningful, and effective in presentation to community and nonscientific professional audiences. The centerpiece of the intervention was the development of a new, middle-class housing subdivision in an area that was declining physically and economically. This represents three major urban/housing policy directions: (1) the emphasis on home ownership for working-class families, (2) the deconcentration of poverty through development of mixed-income neighborhoods, and (3) the clean up and redevelopment of contaminated, former industrial brownfields. Resident survey responses, objective environmental assessment observations, and building permit data were collected, geocoded at the address level, and aggregated to the block level on 60 street blocks in the older neighborhoods surrounding the new housing in two waves: during site clearing and housing construction (Time 1: 1993–95) and three years post-completion (Time 2: 1998–99). Variables mapped include (a) Time 1–2 change in self-reported home repairs and improvements, (b) change in the assessed physical condition of yards and exteriors of 925 individual residential properties, (c) change in residents' home pride, and (d) a city archive of building permits at Time 2. Physical conditions improved overall in the neighborhood, but spatial analysis of the maps suggest that the spillover effects, if any, of the new housing were geographically limited and included unintended negative psychological consequences. Results argue for greater use of GIS and the street block level in community research and of psychological and behavioral variables in planning research and decisions.