A Longitudinal Study of Modifying Influences in the Relationship Between Domestic Violence and Child Maltreatment

The increased risk of child maltreatment in the presence of domestic violence is well documented, but much remains unknown about factors that modify this relationship. This study investigates the roles of risk and protective factors in the relationship between domestic violence and being reported to the Department of Social Services for child maltreatment. Consistent with the literature, we find a significant overlap between domestic violence and maltreatment. Young maternal age, low education, low income, and lack of involvement in a religious community add to the risk for maltreatment associated with domestic violence. Separation between the maternal caregiver and her partner significantly reduces the risk for maltreatment when domestic violence is reported. A significant reduction in the risk for maltreatment is also found with higher levels of support from the maternal caregiver reported by the child in the context of domestic violence.     

建国后中国社会结构的两次变迁与中国共产党执政思维的转变

社会的发展变化终究要以一定的社会结构体现出来。自新中国成立以来,中国的社会结构经历了两次重大变迁,而中国共产党执政思维的转变与社会结构的变迁是一个互动的历史过程。在社会分化与社会结构重构的历史条件下,社会各阶层之间关系的状况事关中国社会的长治久安。对此,中国共产党提出了构建社会主义和谐社会的理念,实现了中国共产党执政理念质的飞跃,完成了执政思维的历史性转变。     

缅甸当前政治经济观察

当前缅甸的政治、经济局势值得深入观察.制订新宪法是缅甸 "民主路线图"七步计划的第一步.经过将近9个月的休会之后,旨在为缅甸新宪法制订架构的新一轮国民大会于2006年10月10日复会,这有力地推动了缅甸民主路线图计划的实施.但是,美国的打压有可能导致缅甸军政府放缓民主改革的进程. 尽管如此,在"先经济,后政治"方针的指引下,缅甸政府凭借丰富的自然资源,借助中国的经验,开展经济改革工作.     

论转型社会中的中国农村集体土地权利制度变革——兼评《物权法》的相关规定

当代中国农村集体土地权利制度存在所有权与所有制关系混同、使用权与所有权权能趋同、权利关系与权力关系混同、私法缺位和公法越位以及功能错位等问题,因而在社会转型过程中受到极大的挑战.以土地所有制与土地所有权相分离为原则,对现行集体土地所有制进行股份制改造,在土地价值形态上实行农民集体所有制,变农民为股东,实现公平的价值追求;在土地实物形态上建立"集体法人所有权"制度,变农民集体组织为集体法人组织,实现效率的价值追求,这是当代中国集体土地权利制度改革模式的最优选择.     

《公务员法》引咎辞职制度之忧思

《公务员法》引咎辞职制度引人三忧:一忧含义不明,难以执行;二忧制度运行,变形变质;三忧消极影响,不容忽视.鉴于引咎辞职赖以生成的条件短时期内在我国难以具备,与其去打造一件作用有限的监督武器,不如严格执法,加大对领导干部违法犯罪行为的打击力度,这才是打造责任政府,促进民主进程的正道和捷径.故建议在修改《公务员法》时,删除引咎辞职条款,使其回归道义责任之本位.     

应对突发性群体事件的政府治理创新

积极预防和妥善处置人民内部矛盾引发的突发性群体事件,维护群众利益和社会稳定是社会转型期政府治理的必然要求。各级政府作为治理突发性群体事件的主体,首先必须树立现代治理理念,通过搭建制度沟通平台和建立预警评估体系,防止突发性群体事件的爆发,并以社会自组织为中介尽量减少突发性群体事件,最终建立高效完整的治理模式,提高社会管理和公共服务水平。     

新形势下各种社会利益关系和人民内部矛盾问题探讨

我国当前的社会利益关系呈现出来源多样化、主体多元化、差距扩大化、群体弱势化、冲突激烈化等一系列变化。对于新形势下的社会利益关系和人民内部矛盾,既要高度重视,又要正确估价,把握特点。坚持以人为本,区别对待,创新工作机制,协调利益关系,推进第一要务,是正确处理当前各种利益关系和人民内部矛盾的基本原则和思路。     

刑事司法过程的社会效果与社会成本——关于刑事司法效率的思考

刑事司法的高效率不仅仅指司法过程的迅速和司法资源的低消耗,而且指司法过程良好的社会效果和社会成本的最低支付.司法的社会效果与社会成本被忽视,反映出人们司法效率理念的缺陷.提高刑事司法效率,应当注重司法过程的社会效果,防止司法成本社会化.     

Corporatism packaged in pluralist ideology: the case of Slovenia

Corporatism has been an influential doctrine in the Slovenian polity since its beginning. After the onset of democratization in the early 1990s, its influence remains strong. Forms of corporatism are embodied in the National Council as the second chamber of parliament, in the chamber system, the system of social partnership and the RTVS (Public Television of Slovenia) Council. It is also present in certain socio-political priorities such as a higher value being placed on partnership over competition, on fairness over human rights, on community over individualism. Social pluralism has always been a part of Slovenian public life. Political pluralism emerged at the end of the 19th century and was never fully developed. There has always been a strong inclination in the political life of Slovenia to organize around interest groups and editorial boards of various publications, a tendency that reveals a plurality of voices but a general unwillingness to fight for political power. It could also be concluded that the development of pluralism in Slovenia relies heavily on corporatism because of the general lack of liberal foundations.     

Increasing Evidence-Based Programs in Criminal and Juvenile Justice: A Report from the Front Line

For the past 5 years in the United States, there has been an increased emphasis on evidence-based programs, and, in particular, the promotion of experimental designs as the highest standard of evidence. This interest has been fueled by the Federal government's demand for accountability that links budget allocation with program performance. The National Institute of Justice, the research, development and evaluation agency within the Office of Programs in the U.S. Department of Justice is undertaking a number of efforts to improve the quality of evaluation research and address the need for evidence-based programs. These efforts have focused on making improvements upfront in the grant selection process so that well-designed evaluations will be undertaken and in the management and monitoring of ongoing evaluation research grants so that implementation and design issues can be identified and addressed. Evaluability assessments is a key strategy that NIJ is relying on increasingly to identify programs that have a high likelihood of being successfully evaluated. Whether these efforts will lead to an overall increase in the rigor of NIJ-supported evaluations remains unanswered at this time. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of The National Academies or the National Institute of Justice.