"中国民间故事类型索引"研究的批评与反思

梳理20世纪中国民间故事类型索引编纂和研究的脉络,对四位影响较大的学者和三部类型索引著作的贡献与不足进行重点评述,其目的是期望21世纪将要编纂的第四部中国民间故事类型索引成为一部分类合理,资料甄别准确,学术用语科学化、规范化,既有民族特色又与国际接轨的索引体系著作。     

Mayahood Through Beauty: Indian Beauty Pageants in Guatemala

The election of a Ra'bin Ajaw constitutes the climax of the National Folklore Festival ( Festival Folklórico Nacional ), which since 1969 has taken place in Cobán during the last week of July. All participants are Maya Indians and must wear the traditional folk costume of their native township. The intention of this and other Indian pageants has been to preserve and reinvigorate traditional forms of cultural expression. Different from Ladina beauty queens, Indian queens are elected not so much on the basis of their looks as on their aptitude for representing cultural 'authenticity'. However, as the notion of the authentic relates to how cultural identities are constructed in the present, the beauty pageant has increasingly been troubled by a tension between a traditional folklorist type of orientation and a more recent and politicised Mayanist one. Indeed, the Indian pageants, originally formed within a folklorist paradigm, have become important arenas for the communication of Maya consciousness and identity.     

试论民俗文化对青少年的教育意义

民俗文化是一个民族特有的文化事象,具有丰富的教育内容。民俗文化具有培养青少年民族自豪感、提升青少年的知识素养、激发青少年的创新意识、形成青少年健康生态观以及养成文明习惯等功能。在阐发民俗文化教育意义时,应结合学科教学,开发民俗文化课程,特别是要合理设置民俗文化综合实践课。     

论我国民间文学法律保护的立法模式

民间文学是各国重要的文化遗产,但在科技革命和国际化潮流中,它们正面临着不正当利用,甚至是扭曲破坏的危险,因此保护民间文学已经日益必要和紧迫。但对采用何种法律来保护民间文学,国际国内均有不同的看法。通过对各种立法实践的评析,本文提出,我国民间文学保护,应立足我国现有的立法实践和立法资源,采用版权、民间文学产权和邻接权法》立法模式。     

质疑民间文学艺术作品的著作权保护

我国现有立法把民间文学艺术作品纳入到著作权法的保护范围。但是在仔细探究民间文学艺术作品和著作权的概念和属性后,不难发现:民间文学艺术是产生于、存在于、发展于公有领域的智力成果,权利主体无法确定,不适合著作权法的设权保护模式。从民间文学艺术作品和著作权的概念入手分析,民间文学艺术作品不应由著作权法提供保护,民间文学艺术作品的"保护",是"保存"之意,应用非物质文化遗产的保护办法拯救民间文学艺术作品。     

少数民族传统文化版权法保护意义探究

不同的实体法在调整社会关系中具有不同的功能或不同的调整方法,相互间具有不可替代性,因而我国在强调各少数民族的民间文学艺术作品享有文物保护法、民族民间文化保护法等基本法律法规保护的同时,不应忽略或排斥对其进行版权法的保护,应尽快加强对少数民族的民间文学艺术作品的版权保护的行政法规、地方性法规、民族自治地方的相关单行条例的制定工作,完善相关的版权法保护机制,以实现对少数民族民间文学艺术作品的全方位法律保护.     

论民俗旅游对旅游地民俗文化的"污染"与防治

民俗旅游对旅游地民俗文化的“污染”主要体现在三个方面:由于过于关注民俗文化的形式,常常导致民俗文化精神内核的丧失;伪民俗大量涌现,破坏了旅游地民俗文化的和谐性;促使旅游地民俗文化出现与外来文化快速趋同的趋势,使民俗文化的特色日渐消失。解决这些问题需要与民俗旅游有关的各方的共同努力。     

Folklore as a source for creating exile identity among Latvian Displaced Persons in post-World War II Germany

This article draws on archival and print materials produced by Latvian Displaced Persons during the years they lived in UNRRA refugee camps after World War II. Its focus is on the ‘how’ of their cultural production and identity formation in camps that were established to expedite repatriation but became instead contexts in which Latvians as social actors opposed the goals of authoritative others to endow experience with their own textual meanings. This essay demonstrates how they recontextualized a variety of folklore genres as flexible and powerful resources for addressing their existential crisis and for solidifying exile as the basis for living purposefully off the territory of ‘home.’     

民间文学艺术如何署名——也评“安顺地戏”案

民间文学艺术的群体性特征造成相关权利主体主张署名权时的法律适用困境。著作权法意义上的署名权应突破机械的字面理解,还原其确保作品真实来源不被隐匿和歪曲的实质含义。要求标示正确的来源是民间文学艺术合适的署名方式,安顺地戏案原告的诉讼请求应当获得支持。     

民俗与社会性别认同--以传统汉人社会为对象

传统汉人社会中,女性生活在男权制度控制下的边缘地带,她们的日常生活行为、精神世界等领域与民俗及社会性别认同有着密切的关系,习俗惯例是一种潜移默化地规范女性社会性别身份的话语,它无所不在,贯穿于女性的整个生命历程中,甚至潜入女性隐秘的精神世界.