试析均势与均势功能的维持

随着近代国际体系的形成,均势原则作为一种国际关系发展的规律和政治现象日益凸显出来,并成为一支重要的国际关系理论和颇具影响力的外交战略。从本质上看,均势自然或不自然地遵循着两项命题假设,并大致形成了三种概念解释或理论假说,即状态机能说、政策动机说与权力关系说。威斯特伐利亚体系和维也纳体系作为传统均势的典型模式,从一个侧面揭示了均势理论的结构性缺陷和弊端,即所谓“制衡难题”。     

古代情志病证医案中组方用药规律分析

目的:探讨古代情志病证医案中组方用药规律.方法:以筛选的古代91本医籍中的 1 040 条情志病证医案为研究对象,采用 Microsoft Office Access 2003建立情志病证医案数据库,规范录入数据,运用频数分析法、因子分析法、关联规则等方法进行统计分析.结果:古代情志病证治疗常用药物为健脾、安神、清热化痰、养阴、行气解郁类药物;其中,化痰、健脾、安神药物常被联合使用;调肝是中医情志病证的重要治法.结论:古代中医治疗情志病证的组方用药具有一定的规律,并受到历代经典名方的影响.     

食管癌患者放化疗后中医证型的相关影响因素

目的 观察消风散加减方联合依巴斯汀治疗风热型荨麻疹的临床疗效。 方法 将63例风热型荨麻疹患者按随机数字表法随机分为治疗组（n=32）和对照组（n=31）,对照组患者口服依巴斯汀,治疗组口服依巴斯汀和消风散加减方,疗程2周。治疗前、治疗7 d末、治疗14 d末,分别观察两组患者荨麻疹活动度评分（urticaria activity score,UAS）和皮肤病生活质量指数（the dermatology life quality index,DLQI）,治疗7 d和14 d末,分别观察两组临床疗效。 结果 治疗前和治疗7 d末,两组UAS及DLQI比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;治疗14 d末,两组UAS和DLQI比较,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗7 d末和14 d末,两组UAS和DLQI均较前一时点显著降低（P<0.05）。治疗14 d末,两组临床疗效比较,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,治疗组临床疗效优于对照组。两组荨麻疹痊愈时间以及复发率比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论 消风散加减方联合依巴斯汀治疗急性荨麻疹疗效确切,其长期疗效优于单用依巴斯汀。     

An empirical study on the close-range post-ricochet orientation of AK bullets (7.62 mm × 39 mm)

Most of the injuries and deaths from ricocheting bullets in shooting incidents are usually reported due to misaimed shots that had ricocheted close to the victims. Although the destabilisation of ricocheted bullets during their ricochet flights is a generally known phenomenon, no significant quantitative-based scientific studies have attempted to understand bullets’ post-ricochet orientations at close distances. This empirical study explores close-range post-ricochet orientations of AK bullets (7.62 mm × 39 mm) on a range of domestic surface types typically encountered during bullet ricochet incidents. This study has revealed that ricocheting AK bullets off of various wood types and tile samples produce side-on impacts into closely located targets following a rightwards yaw action. It has also been shown that AK bullets ricocheting off concrete and cement samples at 5-degree incident angles produced nose-forward impacts on paper witness screens, similar to an orthogonal impact of a direct-fired shot. The findings present important new information on the post-ricochet yawing behaviour of AK bullets, which has the potential to aid future shooting reconstructions in which victims are hit by closely ricocheted bullets.     

《中医基础理论》课程改革研究现状分析

作者通过分析我国近十年来《中医基础理论》(以下简称“中基”)教学改革的研究成果,试图找到“中基”教学的规律以及今后课程改革的发展方向。     

Collection and direct amplification methods using the GlobalFiler™ kit for DNA recovered from common pipe bomb substrates

When analyzing DNA from exploded pipe bombs, quantities are often in trace amounts, making DNA typing extremely difficult. Amplifying minute amounts of DNA can cause stochastic effects resulting in partial or uninterpretable profiles. Therefore, the initial DNA collection from “touch” evidence must be optimized to maximize the amount of DNA available for analysis.This proof-of-concept study evaluated two different swab types with two direct amplification strategies to identify the most effective method for recovering DNA from common pipe bomb substrates. PVC and steel pipes, electrical tape, and copper wire spiked with epithelial cells were swabbed with cotton or microFLOQ® Direct Swabs and amplified directly or via a pre-treatment prior to STR amplification.Not only was the microFLOQ® Direct Swab protocol the quickest method with the least risk of contamination, but in combination with direct amplification, the microFLOQ® Direct Swabs also generated the most complete STR profiles.     

A reflection on the priorities of a data protection authority

Eric Howe, the first Data Protection Registrar, was setting up his Office about the same time as the first appearance in 1985 of this journal, whose distinguished editor Professor Saxby is now retiring. That is this author's excuse for looking back to the early years of United Kingdom data protection and reflecting on what a data protection authority is actually for. As this article hopes to make clear, using the early United Kingdom experience as an example, Data Protection Authorities are faced with an unclear role running the risk of creating false expectations among the general public. The author concludes that representations to government are often minimally effective and that with the limited resources available a DPA should give priority to encouraging compliance by data controllers and assisting individuals with a complaints resolution service.     

越南槟榔文化初探

越南人食槟榔的习俗有着悠久的历史.槟榔深入到了越南社会生活的方方面面,它不仅是越南人平日待客的小食品,还是民间传统庆典、庙会活动和家庭红白喜事中最不可缺少之物.本文试图通过对越南人食槟榔习俗的探析,以窥越南民族传统文化之一斑.     

农村社会保障法律机制重建若干问题探析——以和谐为理念切入

长期以来,我国农村社会保障没有受到应有的重视,现行的农村社会保障法律机制亦存在立法层次低、指导原则有失误等问题。8亿农民的保障问题严重阻碍社会主义和谐社会的构建,也是影响社会稳定的重要因素。笔者在反思现有农村社会保障法律机制的基础上,提出以和谐作为农村社会保障法律机制重建之目标追求,建立国家一农村集体组织一家庭的三元保障模式,以期最终形成城乡统一的中国社会保障目标模式。