Appellate and trial court caseload growth: A pooled time-series-cross-section analysis

This is an econometric study of factors behind filing growth since 1970 in state trial courts and, especially, appellate courts. The model posits two categories of variables: those affecting the supply of disputes and those affecting the costbenefit considerations of potential litigants. The study uses a pooled time-seriescross-section design and a fixed-effects regression procedure. The overall conclusion is that factors determining the supply of disputes overwhelm other factors entered in the model. At the trial level, economic conditions 2 years earlier strongly affect civil filings, and crime rates for the current and prior year have moderate impacts on criminal filings. The output capacity of trial courts, measured by the number of judges, has a strong impact on appeals. Economic conditions and trial court filings influence civil appeals in later years, and prison commitments influence criminal appeals. The great majority of cost-benefit factors, such as simplification of appellate procedure and interest-rate differentials, showed little or no impact on appeals.In view of the rising emphasis on replicability (Dewaldet al., 1986; Campbell, 1986; Cook and Zarkin, 1986), we stress that the data for this research are available from the Inter-Univarsity consortium for Political and Social Research, and we will provide copies of the computer printouts giving the programs (that apply SAS) and the results. In addition, Court Studies periodically updates the data set, and it will supply current data upon request.     

政府与公民合作理念的深层思考

以往各国政府都采用了官僚制组织模式,但是随着社会发展,其弊端不断显现。时至今日,公共行政应该弘扬一种以合作理念为主导价值的服务行政治理模式。这种合作理念是诚信、平等、谈判与监督诸理念于一体的综合价值体系。对传统公共行政价值取向及其官僚制反思与扬弃,弘扬政府与公民之间的合作理念是通向未来服务行政社会治理模式的现实途径之一。     

中俄林业合作的经验及存在问题

中俄林业合作符合国际贸易中的资源禀赋理论。俄罗斯拥有丰富的森林资源 ,但劳动力缺乏、资金不足 ;中国因实施天然林保护工程 ,形成过剩的林业工人和闲置的采运机械设备。两国进行林业合作不仅是必要的 ,而且也是有可能的     

析泰国在禁毒执法领域中的国际合作机制

在全球一体化的进程中,许多国家的贩毒网络已发展成有组织的、分工明确、牵连多个国家和地区的跨国贩毒模式,因此,凭借一个国家之力要彻底捣毁这类贩毒团伙是非常困难的,必须通过各国通力合作,采用“特殊手段”才能有效摧毁这类贩毒网络。泰国与其他国家进行引渡跨国犯罪合作由来以久,目前,泰国的跨国犯罪引渡法正处于修改完善阶段并与其他国家签署了10个引渡跨国犯罪的协议。     

Crime patterns and their relation to subjective social stress and support indicators: The role of gender

This study investigated the relationship between the subjective perception of stress and support in the population (as independent variables) and the prevalence of homicide, robbery, and property offenses in society, while controlling for the effect of gender, i.e., how these crimes are related to the differential perception of stress and support among males and females. The theoretical framework is provided by a stress-support model which postulates that crime in society will be positively related to stress factors and negatively related to support systems. Eight stress indicators and four support (solidarity) indicators were included. The data regarding these indicators were derived from continuing surveys of representative samples of the urban population in Israel during the years 1967–1979. The theoretical model was supported by the findings, especially those relating to property offenses. The effects of the female indicators were strongest (and greater than those of males) with regard to property offenses. The regression coefficients of the female indicators were also consistently larger than those of males, indicating that women's perceptions of stress are better predictors of crime rates than those of males. The results are compared to those of previous studies and suggestions are made for future studies in this new line of criminological research.     

浅谈经济全球化下中国企业营销创新

高新科技、市场经济、跨国公司的发展、地区合作、全球化营销等成为经济全球化的推动因素,中国企业的营销现状比较落后,经济全球化对中国市场营销提出了挑战,企业应在营销理念、营销策略、营销技术手段等方面进行创新。     

俄朝经贸合作回顾与展望

朝鲜自1948年建国以来一直接受着苏联的经济援助。苏联解体后,俄朝之间的贸易额显著下降,仅为苏联时期的6%。俄朝两国在劳务、渔业、投资、木材采伐和农业领域有所合作,并积极探寻可继续发展合作的道路。资金短缺是两国经贸合作中遇到的最大障碍。未来俄朝两国在合作修建铁路、森林采伐、渔业、旅游等领域中前景广阔。     

民法与经济法价值之比较分析

本文首先从经济关系层面出发 ,对民法与经济法的互动进行了分析。指出二者价值差异的根源在于经济思想、公平理念和利益观的差异。二者价值体系在总体上具有一致性、谐和性和互补性。同时揭示了他们间的文化与精神的互补、功能的相互矫正及调整对象的交叉。     

论知识型文化消费及其对经济增长的贡献

知识型文化消费是指消费主体在知识文化领域的消费,是消费主体为满足知识文化生活的需要,采取不同的方式消耗知识文化服务产品的过程。知识型文化消费具有一定的经济功能。知识型文化消费的主要内容为教育消费和职业培训。知识型文化消费对经济增长的贡献已经被大多数国家的经济发展战略所证实。     

对城中村改造的思考

改革开放后,国民经济得到了迅猛发展,城市化进程大大加快,但由于社会管理具有相对经济发展的滞后性,农村就业、户籍、社会保障等政策没有相应程度的改变,造成了现在的种种遗留问题。为此,应制定城市房地产发展政策,聚积资金,逐步实施改造,定位于发展廉租公寓,根据城市规划的要求,将新村纳入整个城市发展空间,多方筹集改造资金,改革集体资产产权制度,建立股份公司,对转制后的城中村,统一实行社会化管理。