Technical Standards and Institutionalization Processes in New Deal Art Projects

While some practitioners adopt a reductionist approach to inquiry in the cultural management discourse, this article is a critical reflection upon the practice of cultural management as an academic discipline. The article deals with a theoretical framework on how to formulate cultural management strategies that promote the sharing of cultural values throughout the global community. The article traces the history of graduate education in arts management from the late 1960s to the present, as well as discussing policy, research reports, and programs that have helped to build arts management as a comprehensive field of study. Though multidisciplinary in conception, the article posits that practitioners should acquire general training in the management sciences and proceed to professionalize in one distinct field of the arts and culture. Relevant courses in the social sciences and business studies should be incorporated as well. Five critical domains of cultural planning are discussed—arts and culture, citizenship and identity, spatial culture, communications, media and planning—as major concerns for the successful training of dynamic arts managers. The authors predict a time when cultural management will cease to be an adjunct discipline and become an independent school within the university system.     

Can Audience Development Promote Social Diversity in German Public Arts Institutions?

Despite generous public funding, arts institutions in Germany are primarily serving a small, educated section of the German population. This article presents findings from arts participation surveys, research from an empirical study on “Intercultural Audience Development” in public theaters and museums, and an analysis of cultural policy debates to reveal the role of audience development in overcoming the social imbalance of audiences in German cultural institutions. Research findings suggest that traditional concepts of audience development do not lead to sustainable changes in the social structure of the audience. More substantial institutional changes are necessary, supported by new cultural policies.     

Nonprofit Cultural Alliances: Initiatory Qualitative and Empirical Examinations of an Emergent U.S. Phenomenon

This study examines the recent spontaneous emergence of nonprofit cultural alliance organizations in the U.S. Cultural alliances are community-based associations, formed by arts/cultural organization members, which provide member interaction, collaboration, networking, resource sharing, and professional education opportunities. This research accomplishes three objectives: (1) generation of a body of knowledge about cultural alliances, (2) development of a cultural alliance member satisfaction model, and (3) quantitative analysis of member survey data to assess services provided, service quality, and member satisfaction. The results indicate that the survey instrument is an important assessment tool for use by association boards of directors and executive directors.     

Homeless Youth Seeking Health and Life-Meaning Through Popular Culture and the Arts

This pilot study demonstrates the roles of popular culture, media and the arts in the health and self-esteem of homeless youth. Reflecting focus group findings from a representative sample of street and sheltered youth, this article provides a qualitative assessment of what they advocated as an effective intervention that would promote the receipt of health services within their vulnerable community. Unlike alienating disease models where adverse health behaviors and outcomes determine intervention success or failure, a culturally-sensitive approach which provided skills mentoring and engaged the youth as health advocates seemed likely to produce important recovery incentives and enhanced health outcomes.     

探析艺术类大学生的教学管理

艺术类学生的教学管理工作一直是高等教育管理中的难点问题。本文从探讨艺术类大学生的特点入手,分析其成因,提出面对这些现实问题,艺术教学一线的工作者应做好三个方面的工作,即以学生的专业学习为中心,做到管理与教学互动;以服务学生为准则,尊重学生个性,把握学生思想动态;加强学生艺术实践锻炼,在实践中提高学生素质。     

A Survey of International Studies Programs at Liberal Arts Colleges and Universities in the Midwest: Characteristics and Correlates

International studies majors have become increasingly popular at liberal arts colleges and universities in the Midwest. What are the features of various international studies programs, particularly regarding the degree of "structure" in the major? What factors appear to be related to whether a liberal arts college or university offers an international studies major in the first place? What explains the variations that exist that characterize international studies majors? This paper empirically investigates these questions by surveying sixty-six liberal arts and sciences colleges and universities in Illinois, Iowa, and Missouri. We find that although international studies majors are somewhat prevalent in the "heartland," there is considerable variation in how they are structured. Further, the results suggest that whether or not an institution has an international studies program is largely a function of whether an institution has a graduate program in a field that allows for a concentration in international affairs. We conclude with some observations that might promote future discussion on development of international studies majors.     

武术套路专业运动员运动损伤原因及对策

通过运用文献资料调查法、问卷调查法、数据统计法,对武术套路专业运动员运动损伤原因进行研究,排列出造成武术套路专业运动员运动损伤的6个主要原因,并结合体育保健学、运动解剖学等学科进行分析,提出相应的对策,以便为教练员和运动员平时训练减少运动损伤提供参考依据。     

THEY'RE NOT ALL “MY FAIR LADY”

This article examines debates about public culture from the late 1980s to the present and identifies thirteen arguments that have been used to justify an investment in public culture: public interest, national security, merit, moral worth, the good life, economic development, politics, education, democracy, American identity, shared symbols, diversity, and innovation. The article then asserts four positions: (1) public culture and democracy are mutually constitutive, (2) elite culture can be detrimental to democracy, (3) the deliberate pursuit of diversity is a democratic endeavor, and (4) culture can bridge social differences. The article closes with a discussion about whether any form of public culture has yet been achieved in America, drawing on the work of Tyler Cowen and Bill Ivey.     

The Media Monopoly Myth

This article discusses the results of a nationwide survey of decision makers at theater organizations. The study was conducted to begin to understand the hiring needs of those decision makers and to interpret their understanding of what education and experience graduate students are receiving in both an MBA program and an MFA in theater management program. The study reveals confusion about what is being taught in these programs and shows that decision makers are seeking graduates who have education and experience in the field of leadership.