民族地区乡镇中学教师素质现状与发展对策

新一轮基础教育课程改革实验是否获得成功,教师队伍的建设是关键的环节。本文应用多种研究方法,对贵州黔南民族地区乡镇中学教师的基本现状进行调查,探究其落后原因,诊断其现状,据此提出改革与发展的对策和建议。     

欧盟国家保障两性平等参政法律制度研究

近10年来,随着权力机构性别失衡问题政治敏感性日益提高,欧盟一些国家开始运用法律以及法律之外的制度来平衡公共政治领域的性别比例。欧盟国家参政中对性别差异进行了法律调整,保障了两性平等参政。为了实现两性平等参政,在法律制度进行变革的同时,对相应的选举制度和政治体制进行改革。在适用配额制时,各国的具体情况是必须要考虑的因素,选举制度和配额制必须紧密配合,不能分割开来。     

决策与执行的分合限度:行政三分制分析

深圳市政府的行政改革实验“行政三分制”即将实行 ,这一新的组织模式是在我国传统的部门行政体制的背景下出台的 ,它对于改革部门行政的专权、利益部门化的严重问题将会产生重要的影响。但是从这一模式的理论假设和理性基础角度对它的未来命运进行思考就可以发现这一模式仍然是理性行政的调适 ,存在新的分离主义和专权倾向 ,难以适应越来越多元化和自主化社会的需要。     

Practitioners’ perspectives on in-house versus arm’s-length structures of local economic development delivery in Ontario,Canada

ABSTRACT

The structure for local economic development is an important part of the development process. In recent years, local governments have been switching structures, leading to debates about the most appropriate structure for an effective economic development delivery. Based on in-depth interviews with practitioners of local economic development, the paper examines the strengths and drawbacks of the two primary structures in the Province of Ontario: In-house and Arms-length. In doing so, the paper accomplishes two things: first, it adds to the empirical discussion on organisational approaches to economic development; second, it provides an informed perspective to assist communities that might be considering switching their structures.     

The Guardian and Press Reform: a Wheel Come Full Circle

In the decade 2008–18, between the eruption of the phone hacking scandal and the cancellation of part two of the Leveson Inquiry, the editorial position of The Guardian on press regulation went from indifference to demanding wholesale reform, and then back to indifference and even active opposition to change. Inevitably, this entailed reversals and contradictions, yet these were not acknowledged to the newspaper’s readers, who are left with a misleading impression of continuity. This study, by an academic and journalist who campaigned for regulatory reform throughout this period, aims to shed light on The Guardian’s 360‐degree progression by reference to its editorials and other published statements.     

An optimal anti-drug law enforcement policy

This article presents a model for a drug law enforcement policy whose objective is harm reduction, including the net cost of law enforcement, social harm and surplus of agents. We consider a vertically organized distribution system with two levels, traffickers and retailers. The two questions concern which type of sellers have to be prosecuted and which law enforcement policy should be implemented that is, the probability of being caught and the severity of the punishment. We show that a trafficker-oriented law enforcement regime can avoid counter-productive policies. Moreover, decriminalization or depenalization is optimal under some conditions depending on the relationship between social harm and consumption.     

大学理念的发展、功能及其当代启示

大学理念是人们对大学的理性认识、理想追求及其教育观念.从纽曼到洪堡,再到弗莱克斯纳、范海斯、博克等,大学的理念不断得到发展完善,逐步形成了教学、科研、服务社会、引领社会、国际交往等大学理念.大学理念有共性、个性、时代性与前瞻性、社会性与本土性等特征,具有导向、调节与激励、造就大学精神、引领社会发展等功能.大学理念关系到大学的兴衰存亡,当前建构大学新理念可以从正确定位、办出特色、树立大学教育的可持续发展观、坚持大学的综合功能观等方面着手.     

认知法律知识化的三个维度

一个全新的社会,需要一门新的法律科学.法律知识化巳成为知识社会背景下中国法学转型的时代要求.尽管法律知识化的主张是多元的,但从其整体看,它承袭了后现代法学的衣钵,坚持以下核心观点:即将法律知识化概括为法律哲学化、法律科学化和法律平民化三个实体逻辑贯通的维度.其中,哲学化的使命是将法学从一个纯粹的科学问题还原为一个价值问题;科学化增强了法学理想图景的科学性与可行性;平民化则打破了法学的神秘性,扩大了公民的法律参与.经由此三个维度,法律知识化之科学含义方能得以丰满和立体化凸现.     

常识、常理在司法中的运用

正确理解常识和常理,对司法裁判具有重大意义。常识和常理属于人们的的经验性知识,具有前理性、非系统性、经验性、大众性乃至客观性等特征。在司法中,常识和常理是法官认识案情、解释法律、展开逻辑推理的前提和基础。法官可以运用常识、常理认定案件事实,检验和校正法律推理。常识和常理还是法官进行法律论证的资源之一。但是,不能过于夸大常识和常理在司法中的作用。     

无独立请求权第三人的诉讼地位

无独立请求权第三人是诉讼当事人。我国民事诉讼法关于无独立请求权第三人的立法规定存在着内在冲突,在理论和实务上产生了诸多令人困惑的问题,立法应明确无独立请求权第三人的诉讼当事人地位。当事人申请参加是无独立请求权第三人参加诉讼的适当方式,法院依职权追加和通知无独立请求权第三人参加诉讼,是超越司法被动性原则的体现,立法上应取消这一规定。