“禁止不利益变更”原则若干问题研究

"禁止不利益变更"原则,作为大陆法系主要国家民事上诉案件审理的一项重要原则,其是仅适用于第二审程序中的一项规范法官裁判的规则;其中的"不利益"指的是有损于上诉人在一审判决中,已经判归上诉人的实体利益。应当将"不利益"的判断和识别标准扩大到判决的理由。将这一原则引入我国,有利于较好地贯彻和体现辩论主义,促进审判民主和防止裁判突袭,以及保障法官的裁判中立。     

浙江温岭市推行行业工资集体协商制度的经验与启示

在我国开展工资集体协商,是一个公认的老大难问题。温岭市迎难而上,注重调研,逐步探索出一条依托行业协会和工会组织,以三个困难环节为重点,开展工资集体协商的新思路,迈出可喜的一步。     

我国排污收费制度存在的问题及对策

排污收费制度是我国环境法律制度中的一项基本制度,对污染的治理和环境的改善起到了重要的作用。但是,我国现行的排污收费制度无论在立法上还是在实践中都存在着一些问题,导致排污费征收情况不容乐观。因此,我们必须要不断完善排污收费制度,将经济建设和环境保护协调统一起来,在发展经济的同时更要注重污染治理。     

降低逮捕率之我见

逮捕作为一项刑事诉讼中最严厉的诉前强制措施,在我国适用率极高。传统法律文化的影响和司法机关内部业务考评机制的不合理,以及来自社会各方面的压力,是导致逮捕率居高不下的主原因。检察机关应制定严格的逮捕标准,改变执法观念,取消不合理的业务考评制度,加强对非逮捕强制措施的社会宣传和对被害人的说理,完善取保候审等非羁押性强制措施以降低逮捕率。     

论量刑事实的证明标准

《刑事诉讼法》、《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法〉的解释》和《关于办理死刑案件审查判断证据若干问题的规定》对量刑事实的证明标准的规定与学术观点之间存在一定分歧.为了防止立法技术上的因素使被告人陷于不利境地以及在界定定罪事实与量刑事实上的无休止争论,罪重事实应当适用与定罪事实相同的证明标准.量刑事实的举证责任分配以及控辩双方的举证能力差异决定着罪轻事实的证明标准应当低于定罪事实的证明标准.其中,从轻处罚的事实可以适用优势证据标准;减轻处罚的事实和免除处罚的事实应当适用明晰可信标准.     

The Chinese Nationalists and the Great Rear Area : Wartime Szechwan*

Abstract

Kang Youwei’s successive visits to Canada from 1899 initiated a reformist movement among the worldwide Chinese diaspora for over a decade. But his Canadian experience has long been neglected, and the overseas Chinese movement has often been downplayed as an extension or even regression from the abortive 1898 Reform. The rise and fall of the movement have been ascribed respectively to Kang’s reformist mobilization for monarchist patriotism and to the political challenge of the anti-Qing revolutionaries. This article, however, argues that Kang’s diasporic experience, especially his interactions with the Chinese in Canada, greatly radicalized and expanded his reforms. His new program for reform of both China and the Chinese diaspora enabled his movement to spread from Canada to the global arena. This movement also began to decline from Canada around 1909 because of Kang’s clashes with leaders of Canadian Chinatowns. Nonetheless, it caused unprecedented politicization and integration of overseas Chinese.     

互联网企业市场支配地位认定的理论反思与制度重构

随着互联网市场的发展,我国司法实践中适用的判断经营者市场支配地位的方案受到了严峻挑战。在互联网市场上,市场份额的计算方法受到质疑,市场份额对衡量经营者市场竞争力的判断作用已经退化。在我国对市场份额证据严格限制的实证法背景下,我国司法实践中推行的"单一市场结构方案"既不能适用于互联网市场中的垄断行为规制,也不符合我国反垄断的立法规定,是必须摈弃的一种落后观念。因应互联网市场的形成,根据我国《反垄断法》的立法宗旨和基本精神,应当在反垄断司法实践中贯彻"综合标准方案",既不简单反对可以根据市场份额推定经营者的市场支配地位,又充分考虑市场进入壁垒、市场竞争状况等其他因素对经营者市场支配地位的影响。     

浅析服务型政府绩效评估制度的构建

政府绩效评估作为一项重要的战略管理工具,对于提高政府效能和服务质量意义重大.本文以服务型政府建设为背景,剖析了当前我国政府绩效评估过程中存在的问题,并就如何完善服务型政府绩效评估制度提出了相关建议.     

论建设工程合同规范定位的嬗变及完善

建设工程合同的规范调整,经历了从统一到分离的长期演变过程,其最终从承揽合同中分离乃因其规范的法律关系的特殊性。然而此种特殊性已非民事合同规范所能容纳或解决,未来建设工程合同制度的规范定位,有待注重商事合同规则和社会公共利益的要求。     

Boosting or Hindering Aid Effectiveness? An Assessment of Systems for Measuring Donor Agency Results

Amid rising criticism of aid effectiveness coupled with tight budgets in many donor countries at a time of economic crisis, donor agencies are under pressure to deliver value for money and to demonstrate development results. In response to these pressures, more and more donor agencies are adopting standard indicators, which allow for results to be aggregated across interventions and countries, in order to report agency‐wide results. This article analyses the reporting practices of eleven bilateral and multilateral donor agencies and assesses the implications of agency‐wide results measurement systems for aid effectiveness. The analysis shows that the data on aggregate results provided by donor agencies is only of limited informational value and does not provide an adequate basis for holding donor agencies to account. Moreover, reporting on agency‐wide results may have a number of adverse effects. Given the various limitations and risks identified in this article, I suggest that donor agencies should explore complementary options or alternatives to standard indicators in order to meet their reporting requirements. Donor agencies are advised to invest more in rigorous impact evaluations and to raise the transparency of individual interventions. © 2016 The Authors. Public Administration and Development published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.