意音文字存在的民族语言文化条件

文字选择的背后隐藏了一个民族在语言文化方面的重要信息 ,一个民族的特殊语言文化背景在很大程度上规定了自然文字的发生发展方向。从特定的民族语言文化背景看 ,决定意音文字存在的民族语言文化条件是 :1 该意音文字所记录的方言很复杂 ;2 用该意音文字所书写的古代文本很丰富 ;3 该意音文字是原生的 ;4 该意音文字所记录的是权威语言。目前汉字和彝文满足了这些条件 ,并且汉字已经走入一种超稳定状态。当然拼音文字也有其优势 ,拼音文字应该与汉字并行而不取代汉字。     

以"三个代表"重要思想为指导繁荣云南哲学社会科学事业

在建立社会主义市场经济、建设有中国特色社会主义的过程中 ,必须以“三个代表”的重要思想为指导 ,充分重视哲学社会科学研究的重大意义。云南省哲学社会科学研究在全省的经济社会发展中发挥了重要作用。进入 2 1世纪 ,新时期对云南省哲学社会科学研究提出了更高的要求 ,坚持“与时俱进” ,推进理论创新 ,才能使哲学社会科学研究更好地为党和政府决策服务 ,为建设云南民族文化大省服务     

第三代领导集体的民族工作实践与当代中国民族理论的发展

党的第三代领导集体的民族工作实践贯穿着民族工作与社会经济、政治、宗教、教育等各项工作相统一的思想 ,其中又特别重视处理好民族问题与宗教问题、民族工作规律与教育工作规律的关系。“三个代表”思想不仅为促进少数民族和民族地区的全面发展提供了理论指南和精神源泉 ,也为 2 1世纪中国民族理论和民族工作的发展指明了方向     

中国少数民族传统家庭中夫妻关系模式的比较研究

本文运用跨文化的比较研究方法 ,对中国少数民族传统父系家庭、母系家庭和母系父系并存家庭中夫妻的权利与地位进行比较研究。认为在父权家长制家庭中 ,男尊女卑的社会性别歧视表现在家庭生活的诸多方面。但部分父系家庭在特定条件下也有妻子当家长 ,拥有较多家政权 ,掌握经济权利 ,以及男女平等的现象。在母系家庭中普遍是妇女当家长 ,并在家庭中占有较高的地位。而在母系父系并存家庭中 ,则夫妻均可担任家长 ,家庭关系比较平等。文章最后分析了影响不同少数民族传统家庭中夫妻关系模式的多种因素 ,并对某些西方学者认为的单一经济因素作用论提出了批评     

我国民族教育课程研究:回顾与前瞻

民族教育特殊性的重要载体与表现形式是课程。随着我国学者对民族教育特殊性认识的加深、对民族学生心理特征研究的起步 ,以及对国外多元文化教育的介绍 ,民族教育中的课程问题研究 ,经历了不同的发展阶段 ,取得了一些研究成果。但却明显表现出研究范畴不明、研究视野狭窄、理论深度不够、方法单一等问题。因此深化民族教育课程理论研究、开阔研究视野、关注课程改革实验 ,逐步形成民族教育课程理论体系是新的历史背景下民族教育课程研究的重要走向     

Subnational competitive authoritarianism and power-sharing in Bosnia and Herzegovina

ABSTRACT

Incremental democratic decline is evident in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), but measures of democracy conceal an uneven subnational distribution of autocratization. So far there has been limited research on the drivers and constraints to subnational autocratization. This paper aims to contribute to the literature on power-sharing by exploring instances of illiberal politics enacted by parties in government at the subnational level in BiH. Evidence is gathered through semi-structured interviews and analysis of three specific cases of illiberal politics. We find that the political contest in BiH is purposefully contained within ethnic and subnational boundaries and constrained through several layers of institutionalized multilevel and ethnic checks and balances. The main drivers of subnational autocratization are opportunities that arise from the institutional framework established during early democratization and postwar structures that blend executive dominance with economic power and informal party networks, and occasionally from an individual actor’s perceptions of threat. Democratization in BiH will need to address subnational politics and deep-rooted power structures if it is to be successful.     

The fate of the Assyrian minority in early independent Iraq: a test case of political violence based on rational primordialism

Analyzing ethno-national conflicts is usually not easy in that not all quantitative scientific tools are useful to the student of a conflict based on primordial elements. The burden of studying the outcome of a conflict is all the more complex given that the two conflicting groups might be at two different stages of their political development at any given time during the course of the conflict. In the case of the fate of the [Eastern Christian] Assyrian community in early independent Iraq, the political rationale for decisions taken by each party was drawn from different sociological, historical and political realms. Decisions in times of conflict and their political and historical ramifications are not always rational, since they draw upon primordial/communal considerations rather than the accurate reading of the overall true strategic scene.

The violence was an outcome of a combination of primordial differences and rational choice. The Iraqis sought to establish a new sovereign state with minimal disturbances from its Christian minority that they perceived as not belonging to the new nation. As for the Assyrians, they chose violence believing that at least some superpowers would support them. Historically, this rational decision based upon a primordial dispute turned out to be a mistake primarily because of lack of external support, weak internal cohesion of the group, and feeble leadership.     

What explains the rise of majority–minority tensions and conflict in Xinjiang?

ABSTRACT

In the past few years there has been a rise of inter-ethnic violence in China. While ethno-cultural repression and ineffective state policies are correctly attributed as key culprits behind this reality, this article suggests that socio-economic factors play a fundamental contributory role as well. Using the Xinjiang case, the article maps ethnic tensions and violence as a manifestation and expression of a growing and heightened ethno-cultural consciousness stemming from ethnic minorities’ low socio-economic status due, in part, to internal Han migration, and a labour market process – involving agency and structure – that has shaped a split and segmented labour market.     

On the Robustness and Validity of Groups

In response to Nagin's comment on our paper, Methodological Sensitivities to Latent Class Analysis of Long-Term Criminal Trajectories, we reconsider the robustness and validity of group-based approaches to criminal trajectories and introduce additional issues for future research. We emphasize the limitations of typological approaches and the dangers of reifying the idea of distinct offender groupings for research and policy. We also clarify misunderstandings about the use of hierarchical linear models for studying trajectories of crime. Our basic conclusion is that methods in criminology need to be more tightly linked with theory.