Punitive attitudes and causal attribution of crime among Israeli police officers: is there a gender gap?

Policy-makers and researchers have long been interested in the punitive attitudes and causal attribution of crime of police officers. Understanding the punitive attitudes and causal attribution of crime of those who enforce the law is necessary for both theoretical and practical reasons. The current study examines gender differences in punitive attitudes and causal attribution of crime among police officers at the beginning and at the end of their academic studies. One hundred and one police officers (47 policewomen and 54 policemen) participated in this study. The main results indicate that (a) policemen held more punitive attitudes than policewomen, (b) there were significant gender differences in the first year of academic study, with stronger support of classical theories (more punitive) among policemen compared with policewomen, but no gender differences were found in the last year, (c) police officers tended to attribute classical theories (more punitive) to the causes of crime regardless of gender and year of study, and (d) belief in individual positivism (less punitive) was greater among policemen than policewomen, and among the men, it was greater in the last year of studies than in the first year. The implications of these findings are discussed.     

学统与道统反思:解构体制化学术——邓正来知识批判之二

围绕《反恩与批判:体制中的体制外》一书所开放出来的问题进行相关追问."关系性视角"的转换和调整,使邓正来对知识、知识制度及知识生产机器等结构性存在的洞察与批判达到了一个前所未有的深度,以及"共时性视角"的跟进审视和论证,也使邓氏的中国法律哲学的当下建构出现了一个完全崭新的高度,在由衷赞赏的同时也指出,邓氏在对学术结构性与法律结构性两个本具同质性存在的解构和批判上后者比之前者略逊.中国法律理想图景的建构也要落实在具体制度的建设上,而这首先要求制度理性的保证,即邓氏屡有提及的"建立一种新的思维方式"以及身体力行的学术制度与学术传统的重建.对魏敦友在解读和批判邓正来过程中提出的"重建道统"的主张与刘军宁借助本土思想资源建构自由主义而提出的"天道自由主义"观提出质疑并展开论辩.     

Multimodal turn allocation in ESL peer group discussions

This article reports on multimodal practices used by English as a Second Language students as they work to distribute primary speakership within their peer group discussions. Following Goodwin’s participation framework, the focus is on the embodied conducts of the non-talking recipients and their nonvocal displays of emerging speakership in peer discussions. Analyses of the non-primary speakers’ gaze, gestures, touch, and bodily conduct show that the students’ turn allocation practices embody their sensitivity to the spatial and visual field of co-participants, project changing participation frameworks, and achieve incremental coordination of speaker nomination. Explorations of such nonvocal behaviors lead to a detailed understanding of the students’ embodied participation frameworks and the visible processes through which the students claim or avoid speakership during peer group discussions.     

同心协力共谋发展——全国高职成高院校学报联络中心工作研究

全国高职成高院校学报联络中心是中国人文社科学报学会系统中开展学术活动最好的联络中心之一。为了更好地开展联络中心活动,不断提高高职成高学报的质量,必须在凝聚会员、服务会员上下功夫。为此,联络中心在加强组织建设的基础上,充分发挥其功能,制定符合高职成高院校学报实际的活动规划,积极落实中国人文社科学报学会提出的工作计划,开展富有高职成高院校学报特色的学术活动。     

论学术不端行为的法律规制

制度缺陷是学术不端行为出现的主要原因。近年来,学术不端行为频发,道德诚信约束的局限性尽显,法律法规应作为规制学术不端行为的主要手段。我国规制学术不端行为的相关立法存在着立法层级较低、相关规范存在冲突和立法空白、规定过于原则而缺乏可操作性等问题。应建立健全规制学术不端行为的法律体系,制定《科研诚信法》和相关法律法规,提高学术不端行为的违法成本,完善学术诚信相关法律法规的执行程序,保障我国科研事业健康发展。     

Social-Demographic,School, Neighborhood,and Parenting Influences on the Academic Achievement of Latino Young Adolescents

Using data from a national sample of 388 Latino young adolescents, this study identified the social-demographic characteristics, influences in the broader social environment, and parenting practices that predict youth academic achievement. Youths who were Mexican American, older, and had an English language problem had lower levels of reading and mathematics achievement. Youths of mothers who began childbearing at older ages, had higher levels of intellectual abilities, and reported no English language problem scored better on both types of achievement tests, but poverty was related only to reading achievement. Attendance in higher-rated schools was associated with higher reading and mathematics scores, but residence in better quality neighborhoods was related only to reading achievement. Three parenting practices—providing cognitive stimulation, parent–youth conflict, and academic involvement—predicted both types of achievement. The effect of poverty on reading achievement was explained by residence in lower quality neighborhoods, lower levels of cognitive stimulation, and parent–youth conflict.Associate Professor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Received PhD in Social Welfare from the University of Wisconsin – Madison. Research interests include examining the effects of poverty and other risk factors on the well-being of children, adolescents, and families.     

学术传媒的特色创建与策划

学术传媒具有学科领域广泛性、作者群体有限性以及与科研工作的互动性,必然要求其形成并确立鲜明的个性与特色。学术传媒的特色创建体现在跟踪学术前沿、为经济建设和社会发展服务以及新颖独特的装帧设计和栏目设置等方面。编辑策划是创建学术传媒特色的重要保证,学术传播工作者要通过选题策划、组稿策划、栏目策划、市场策划等各个环节的协调运作,树立和培养策划意识。     

冯友兰学术独立思想新探

冯友兰先生一生致力于高校教育,有着深刻的教育思想和丰富的教学经验,学术独立是贯穿其中的主线。冯先生在学术独立的维度、举措、意义等方面都有深刻的认识,对我们当下的高校改革有重要的现实意义。     

网络学术打假与学术共同体建设

方舟子遇袭与肖传国的被捕将学术界反腐推到了一个新的高度,这是网络学术打假的功劳。网络克服了传统媒体与举报制度的诸多障碍,以“新闻事件”的形式将学术造假行为公之于众,并借助当事人及其支持者的积极互动,进行“虚拟审判”,形成强大的网上舆论,直接或间接地影响了对学术造假者的处理。在此过程中,作为对学术成果负有审查与评价责任的学术共同体,暴露出的腐败与失职行为,严重损害了其在公众心目中的形象。作为“社会的良心”,学术共同体如何加强自身建设,重塑自我,渡过信任危机？网络学术打假给我们的启示是：建立一个基于信息公开与公众广泛参与基础上的监督机制。     

论秘密侦查的存在基础

秘密侦查是我国侦查实践中一种功效卓著的特殊侦查手段,但由于人们认识上的误区,始终没有赋予这种手段以公正合理的地位。文章拟从学理依据及法治化前提的角度探讨秘密侦查措施存在的正当、合法性的基础。