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871.
Stephen Shute 《The Modern law review》2013,76(3):494-528
This article examines the role of external inspection in enhancing the quality of a criminal justice system. It seeks to answer six foundational questions: how should we understand the nature and purposes of criminal justice inspection? what methodologies ought it to employ? who should do it? what values should it respect? how much does it cost? and does it ‘work'? The article reveals that the difference between inspection and other forms of scrutiny activity is largely a matter of emphasis; that the same is true of the difference between inspection and research; that ‘lay’ involvement in inspection can be beneficial; that independence is a core value for inspection, albeit one that is best understood as independence of judgement; that transparency is a further key value but not always honoured; and that evidence that inspection improves service delivery and hence justifies its costs is weak and further research is needed. 相似文献
872.
中国儒、道传统文化中的朴素自然观照应了现代生态正义的应有之义,也就是现代社会所倡导的生态文明观的基本意旨。只有在优秀的生态文化背景之下,中国才能够找到反思生态问题的契机,并在实践中提出加强生态文明建设的倡导。中国儒、道传统文化中的生态思想潜移默化,预示着当代社会文明的新的正义归属。在生态危机与现代文明的冲突中,中国传统文化在孕育着解决这一矛盾冲突的文化力量之时,仍然扮演着作为思想自觉、精神教化的重要角色。 相似文献
873.
874.
论公安文化的特征与作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
人民公安机关在长期革命斗争实践中,形成了丰富的具有公安特色的公安文化,对推动公安工作和加强公安队伍建设发挥了积极的作用。新形势下要总结和研究什么是公安文化,公安文化有何特征,公安文化对公安工作有哪些作用,从而全面贯彻落实江泽民同志“三个代表”的指导思想。 相似文献
875.
侦查制度改革的法律文化思考 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
滥用侦查权力是学界提出的侦查制度中较为突出的问题,它在实践中表现为刑讯逼供、超期羁押等非法行使侦查权力的现象.对于如何改革,学界不乏一些激进的主张,其中以要求对警察权力进行严格控制和立即赋予嫌疑人沉默权为代表.通过运用法律文化为分析工具,可认为在中国目前的政治、经济、文化条件下,滥用侦查权力是局部的、技术层面的问题,可以通过系统内部不引起司法体制剧烈震动的措施逐步解决.而上述两种激进的主张在人、事、物等社会资源严重不足的情况下,都有虚置化的危险. 相似文献
876.
The monetary dialogue between the European Parliament and the European Central Bank (ECB) is a key component for the democratic accountability of the independent central bank. We provide new evidence for the efficiency of the dialogue and present the results of a survey conducted amongst the members of the parliament's ECON (economic and monetary affairs) committee. We find that while the monetary dialogue may have had little or even a negative impact on financial markets, it plays a significant role in informing and involving members of parliament and their constituencies. Amidst an intensifying debate about the communication and transparency of the ECB, these findings shed new light on the current state of affairs of ECB accountability and its alleged need for enhancement. 相似文献
877.
Kai Matturi 《Development in Practice》2016,26(1):52-63
One of the ways in which aid actors have responded to the growing need for good quality data to inform decision-making processes has been to invest in information communication technology to improve data collection and analysis. The specific information communication technology approach that has been used by Concern Worldwide is Digital Data Gathering. This refers to gathering data using an electronic handheld device such as a smartphone or data pen. As with any approach it has its advantages and limitations. This article shares the lessons and challenges that Concern has had in the utilisation of Digital Data Gathering. 相似文献
878.
Michael Barnett 《Regulation & Governance》2016,10(2):134-148
A standard view is that global governance institutions require strong accountability mechanisms to perform effectively and legitimately. Yet these institutions are much better at preaching than practicing accountability. A standard explanation for this gap references interests. For various reasons, institutions and their creators would rather be less than more accountable, and they are quite content to live with the hypocrisy. This article points to an alternative possibility: the public interest. An article of faith is that modern governance should be staffed by relatively autonomous experts who use their specialized knowledge for the greater good; accordingly, they cannot be accountable to those who are affected by their decisions. Too much democracy, therefore, can be a source of dysfunction. Yet expert authority's virtues also can become vices; namely, insulation from those affected by their decisions can also be a source of dysfunction, most closely associated with the “iron cage.” Although the possibility that expertise is both a virtue (effectiveness) and a vice (dysfunction) is well known in the literature on domestic governance, it has been neglected in discussions of global governance. Indeed, the dangers of, and dysfunctions associated with the iron cage might be greater in global governance than in domestic governance precisely because of the absence of institutional checks that often are produced by a preexisting social contract between the rulers and the ruled. I probe this possibility in the area of humanitarian governance. 相似文献
879.
Despite the fact that over recent years, imprisonment in Scotland has adopted a bold and aspirational policy direction including proposed reforms to the role of the prison officer, there has been little research into prison officers in Scotland, and by extension, the Scottish Prison Service (SPS) as an organisation. This article offers a unique empirical insight into prison officer recruits and evolving prison officer cultures, by longitudinally tracking 31 prison officer recruits over training and early working experience. The article provides an in‐depth perspective on prison officer recruits’ views and experiences, and it also makes a contribution to the emerging area of research of the SPS through a focus on organisational change and reform. Finally, it incorporates, and further develops, a body of literature on penality and the penal state by interrogating the tensions between policy and practice within the context of the Scottish penal system. 相似文献
880.
We trace the pragmatic turn in regulatory governance from the level of the state and civil society to the coalface of the regulated organization. Since the 1980s, an array of new regulatory models has emerged. These models, while distinct, are unified in two related tendencies. First, they support the devolution of responsibility for standard setting, program design, and enforcement to the regulated organization. This delegation of governance to the organization itself has catalyzed the creation of accountability infrastructures within organizations, a network of offices, roles, programs, and procedures dedicated to aligning the organization's operations with external standards, codes of conduct, ethical and normative expectations, and regulations. Second, the diverse regulatory models depend, often implicitly, on organizational accountability infrastructures that incorporate the tenets of pragmatist philosophy: inquiry through narration, adaptation to context, and problem-solving through experimentation. Reviewing the empirical literature on organizational compliance, we find ample evidence of inquiry through narration at the organizational coalface. However, we find limited evidence of narrating plurality in the organization and narrating experimentation as problem-solving, as these activities create tensions with internal and external parties who expect singular, stable representations of governance. These tensions reveal an important incongruity between pragmatic governance across organizations and pragmatic governance within organizations. We contribute to the regulatory governance literature by documenting this important shift in the locus of governance to the organizational coalface and by charting a new research agenda. We argue that examinations of regulatory governance should be retraced in three ways. First, attention should shift to the organizational coalface, recognizing and analyzing accountability infrastructures as the central contemporary mechanism of governance. Second, the long-standing focus in regulatory studies on why parties comply should shift to understanding how regulated parties manage themselves to achieve compliance. Third, analyses of compliance should examine the tensions in narrating adaptation and experimentation, and the implications of such tensions for the achievement of prosocial outcomes. 相似文献