服务侵权责任是独立的质量侵权责任

服务侵权责任是一项独立的质量侵权责任。承担服务侵权责任的前提条件是服务存在缺陷,即服务经营者所提供的服务不符合保障人身、财产安全的要求,包括服务设计缺陷、服务指示缺陷和服务过程缺陷。服务侵权责任的归责原则应采取过借推定兼顾公平原则。服务侵权责任与产品责任、建筑侵权责任构成我国“三位一体”的质量侵权责任制度。     

Capacity Building as an Instrument of Institutional Reform: Improving the Quality of Higher Education through Academic Audits in the UK, New Zealand, Sweden, and Hong Kong

As countries convert from state to market-centered public policies, there is increasing interest in new forms of public accountability. Capacity building initiatives that reform institutional frameworks are useful policy instruments during this period of transition. What are the impacts and implementation problems characteristic of this approach? This article reviews the experience with "Academic Audit," a capacity building accountability instrument for universities adopted in the UK, Sweden, New Zealand, and Hong Kong. Academic audits altered the incentives for cooperative behavior among faculty members to improve student learning. Identified implementation problems included: training for the new process, the uncertainty of capacity building benefits, and the central role of information.     

论善意取得制度的适用范围--兼评《中华人民共和国物权法(草案)》相关规定

善意取得制度的适用范围同时关系到所有权的保护与交易安全的实现,对善意取得制度予以正当化的过程就是界定其适用范围的过程;善意取得制度系动产占有公信力的表现,而不动产物权变动以登记为公示方式,采登记公信力制度,故无善意取得制度适用之余地;观念交付因其自身的局限并不当然构成善意取得制度所要求之“交付”,法律应限制观念交付时善意取得制度的适用;物权行为独立性与善意取得制度相辅相成,分别给予受让人以债权保护和物权保护,而物权行为无因性之功能可为善意取得制度所替代,无存在的价值;善意取得制度可类推适用于其他动产物权或其他民事权利的取得,但须满足占有作为权利外观之基本前提。     

行政公益诉讼制度初探

传统诉讼法理论将原告资格限制在申诉人须与本案有直接利害关系 ,这样 ,当国家利益和社会公益遭受行政行为非法侵害时或有侵害之虞时 ,公民便无法通过司法手段来维护这一公益。行政公益诉讼制度的出现 ,既是诉讼法对其自身只顾及保护私人利益的狭隘性突破 ,也是对传统行政诉讼法律制度的超越。     

Racism and sexism at work

Both racism and sexism have had the effect of handicapping selected groups in terms of salary and access to jobs, promotions, and power. However, the categories of race and gender, and the experience of racism and sexism, differ in many ways. This article reviews the differences resulting from definitions of race and gender, as well as those differences stemming from historical, legal, and demographic factors. In particular, we focused on the interactive effects of racism and sexism in the experience of women of color. We examine the assumption that affirmative action operates equivalently for all racial and gender groups, and suggest some directions for further research.     

Expanded School Mental Health: Challenges and Opportunities in an Emerging Field

Reviews the need for and development of expanded school mental health (ESMH) programs, which provide a continuum of mental health promotion and intervention through school–community partnerships. Since ESMH is a relatively new, but increasingly prominent field, countless issues are being addressed in practice and research and in efforts to bridge practice and research. We review particular content and context dimensions of ESMH in need of development including quality assessment and improvement, empirically supported practice, improving assessment and outcome evaluation, involving educators in the work, understanding school environments, and tailoring programs through qualitative research. Summaries of articles that amplify these themes are provided.     

编辑主体意识的规定及其意义 --兼论编辑的"精品"意识

将编辑学作为一门科学研究,必须使研究系统化,改变以往就事论事式的局部研究.编辑学理论建构应当从编辑主客体之间的关系,以及与此相关的各个主体际之间的关系出发,进行深入的研究,其中编辑主体意识应当成为编辑学研究的主要角度之一.编辑主体意识是一种内涵丰富的自我意识,它规定了编辑主体在编辑实践中的行为选择,是一种具有利益取向的意识,具有自主性和奉献性等特点.编辑主体意识在形态上,可以划分为多种形式,其中编辑主体的"精品"意识是其中最重要的意识,具有实践性、主导性、直接性和目的性等特点,是决定刊物质量、促进刊物发展的重要意识.     

论侦查定势及其运行机制

侦查定势,是一种心理活动趋势,具有自发性、惰性和可变性,具有正、负迁移作用。在内容上,侦查定势包括定向、定法、定序,其机制主要表现为侦查定势对侦查活动的"同化"和"顺应"。影响因素包括侦查人员的知识结构、思维方式、问题的性质。案件特点相似、发生情境相似、已有知识的有限性、物象概念化易造成负迁移。侦查定势的负迁移可从完善知识结构、提高观察力和分析力、增强思维的灵活性几方面克服。     

当前我国治安灾害事故的现状及影响因素分析

当前我国的治安灾害事故不论是总体的数量还是造成的损失都呈明显的上升趋势。这不仅会对经济建设造成严重影响,而且也在更深层面上影响到社会心理,造成新的社会隐患。治安灾害事故表现形式多样,原因复杂,它虽然与我国高速发展的经济有一定的联系,但主要原因在于社会公众的安全意识和社会组织的管理水平太低。因此,建立有效的安全管理体制,在全社会树立"预防为主,安全第一"的观念,使每个人都能自觉地遵守安全管理的规定,是预防治安灾害事故发生的有效措施。     

两地区医疗纠纷法医学尸检鉴定质量的比较研究

目的研究影响涉及医疗纠纷法医学尸检鉴定质量差异的原因。方法两个具有代表性的法医学尸检鉴定机构所涉及医疗纠纷的相关案例,进行字2检验、t检验等统计学研究。结果通过字2检验发现,在设定的10个指标中,有7个指标存在显著性差异,提示两鉴定单位在“涉及医疗纠纷的法医学尸检鉴定”中检验手段和标准、规范性等均存在极大的差异。结论通过研究,提示法医学鉴定人素质、尸检的标准化和规范化、尸检检材的提取标准化、死因或疾病的诊断标准、会诊制度及法医学鉴定书的书写规范化等是法医学尸检鉴定质量控制和管理的重要环节。