Towards a liberalisation of standing conditions for individuals seeking judicial review of Community acts: Jégo-Quéré et Cie SA v Commission and Unión de Pequeños Agricultores v Council

The concept of ‘individual concern’, the main admissibility requirement for actions brought by individual applicants for the annulment of Community acts not addressed to them under Article 130 EC, has traditionally been interpreted restrictively by the Community courts, thereby constituting a nearly insurmountable obstacle for individual seeking judicial review of Community acts of general application. In a recent decision, the CFI, referring to the newly adopted EU Charter of Fundamental Rights (Article 47 on the right to an effective judicial remedy), proposed a new and more liberal interpretation of that requirement, thereby widening access to judicial review for individual, companies and representative groups. The Court of Justice has not followed up, but seems to leave the door open for further developments towards a liberalisation of standing conditions.     

诉讼时效：保护还是限制

诉讼时效作为一种督促债权人积极行使权利的法律制度,是一个从实践到理论都引人关注的问题。在我国当前的法治水平条件下,除当事人可主张诉讼时效利益外,法庭在审判活动中亦可主动援用诉讼时效作为裁判依据;同时,诉讼时效的中止、中断与当事人对已过诉讼时效的债务的重新确认是完全不同的事情,应予严格区别。     

共产党员要牢固树立执政意识

新时期党的执政环境发生了深刻变化,能否维护和巩固党的执政地位,不仅是对中国共产党执政能力和水平的考验,也是对每个共产党员执政意识的检测。树立执政意识要在继承党的优良传统的基础上,不断扩充新的内容。     

法学教育新境界——社会的需要就是我们的目标

在我国大力提倡法治建设的今天,法学教育举足轻重的地位日益突显。然而,在我国这样一片法学教育基础薄弱的大地上,法学教育与社会需要之间还存在巨大的鸿沟。唯有消除这些鸿沟,我们的法学教育才能走上健康的发展道路,本文将从法学德育教育与法学专业教育、法律职业教育与法学基础教育、法学教育国际化与法学教育本土化、法学教育的质量与法学教育的规模等范畴的对比中来揭示当前法学教育的目标:法学德育教育、法律职业教育、法学教育国际化、法学教育质量是新形势下社会对法学教育的重点需求,法学教育必须向这几方面倾斜。     

论刑事证据展示制度的诉讼行为理论基础

刑事诉讼行为的实体功能和程序功能是建立证据展示制度的理论基础。刑事诉讼行为的可期待性和互动性要求证据必须是控辩双向式展示的 ,并且在展示范围上 ,控方全面展开 ;而辩方不需展示对被告人、犯罪嫌疑人不利的证据     

商业秘密立法保护问题探析

商业秘密的概念决定一国的商业秘密保护基本理论、法律保护方式、保护程度的关键性问题。应正确理解商业秘密的法律属性及对其保护的法理定位。在此基础上,结合我国商业秘密的立法保护现状相应的完善立法保护。     

犯罪心理测试对测试人员的要求

现代犯罪心理测试技术是建立在生理学、心理学和生物电子学基础上的一门刑事应用技术,犯罪心理测试的各个阶段对测试人员都有不同要求,因此犯罪心理测试人员应具备较高的综合素质。     

法庭科学DNA实验室认可与质量控制

法庭科学DNA实验室认可是整个实验室认可活动的一个组成部分,是对法庭科学DNA实验室的质量管理水平和技术能力的一种国家及国际间的正式承认。本文从文件体系建立、测量溯源、方法的确认、能力验证、质量控制等5个方面,对DNA实验室在认可中存在的主要问题进行了分析,对法庭科学DNA实验室认可与质量控制进行了探讨。     

公安高等院校与人文教育

目前,公安高等教育存在的问题是:"重业务、轻基础","重电脑、轻人脑","重外语、轻母语","重功利、轻学力","重知识、轻素质"。因此,提高人文素质十分必要,它是一切素质中的基础素质,不仅关系到警察的声誉和党的形象,还关系到个人事业的成败和公安创新人才的培养。所以,加强公安教育的人文性,不断提升公安教育的内在品质,保持教育的人文价值和人文内涵,防止教育的失衡和异化,从而真正建立起有别于传统教育的"现代性",是进行教育改革,实现公安高等教育现代化的关键所在。     

Women's views on affirmative action: A new look at preferential treatment

The first part of this paper sketches a profile of women who endorse affirmative action, showing that women who approve of affirmative action identify with a nontraditional image of women and experience discontent when perceiving discrimination on the basis of sex. We also examine the impact of the implementing procedure. Studies conducted with French-Canadian women show that those who fit the above profile readily endorse equal opportunity policies. What about policies that advocate preferential treatment? Early studies indicated that women did not endorse these policies. Recent studies, however, revealed a dramatic change in the pattern of responses. Women who were dissatisfied with their collective situation and identified with a nontraditional image of their group predominantly approved of preferential treatment. What factors triggered this change in attitudes? Are the merit principle and preferential treatment policies truly incompatible? We address these questions in the second part of this paper as well as the implications of this shift in attitudes.