Latent Fingermark Aging Patterns (Part IV): Ridge Width as One Indicator of Degradation

This fourth article of the series is taking an in‐depth analysis at the visible aging of latent fingermarks regarding changes in ridge widths over time. The objective is to quantify and statistically describe significant ridge size variations under controlled indoor conditions. The effect of three environmental variables are examined: type of secretion (sebaceous‐ and eccrine‐rich) and type of substrate (glass and polystyrene) when aged in three light conditions (direct natural light, shade, and dark). Prior to width measurements, fresh and aged fingermarks were powdered with titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and sequentially photographed at predetermined times over 6 months. Three independent observers measured the ridges from thirty predetermined locations using strategically placed intersecting lines on the print. Results indicate that fingermarks deposited on glass are more resilient to degradation compared with those deposited on plastic. The presence of direct natural light plays a negligible role on degradation compared to secretion and substrate types.     

蚂蚁花呗套现行为之刑法评价 ——以解构冒用他人账号进行套现为切入

随着互联网金融的发展,花呗等类似信用卡的透支工具出现在人们的消费方式中,以花呗套现为代表的新型套现方式也成为问题。司法实践中,围绕冒用他人支付宝账户进行花呗套现行为应如何认定的问题争论不休,有观点主张按传统信用卡诈骗罪处理,亦有观点则认为不应将花呗产品认定为信用卡,其更符合盗窃、诈骗罪的犯罪构成,还有观点认为可将花呗套现行为解释为非法经营罪进行规制。逐一分析上述观点,结合花呗套现自身特点,在恪守罪刑法定原则的前提下,可以找到对于该种行为的合理规制。     

日本开发老年人力资源的经验及启示

在人口老龄化不断加剧的情况之下,社会发展将更多地依赖于老年人的积极参与。而且随着长寿社会的到来,老年人的参与愿望和参与能力都在提升。日本是世界上人口老龄化程度最高的国家,已进入人口减少和超老龄社会。人口下降和老龄化将带来劳动力减少问题,对日本整个社会的均衡和可持续发展产生严重影响。为了应对劳动力不足问题,日本不仅修改《老年人就业稳定法》逐渐延长退休年龄,保障老年人继续工作,而且开展老年志愿者活动积极为退休的老年人创造再就业的环境。     

论中国特色社会主义理论体系活的灵魂

中国特色社会主义理论体系活的灵魂,是贯穿于中国特色社会主义理论体系各个组成部分的立场、观点和方法,是中国特色社会主义理论体系的精髓。其四个基本点为解放思想、改革开放、科学发展和以人为本。其中,解放思想是该理论体系的根本前提,改革开放是该理论体系发展的动力,科学发展是该理论体系的根本指针,以人为本是该理论体系的根本目的。     

Estimation of age-at-death for adult males using the acetabulum, applied to four Western European populations

Methods to estimate adult age from observations of skeletal elements are not very accurate and motivate the development of better methods. In this article, we test recently published method based on the acetabulum and Bayesian inference, developed using Coimbra collection (Portugal). In this study, to evaluate its utility in other populations, this methodology was applied to 394 specimens from four different documented Western European collections. Four strategies of analysis to estimate age were outlined: (a) each series separately; (b) on Lisbon collection, taken as a reference Coimbra collection; (c) on Barcelona collection, taken as a reference both Portuguese collections; and (d) on London collection taken as reference the three Iberian collections combined. Results indicate that estimates are accurate (83-100%). As might be expected, the least accurate estimates were obtained when the most distant collection was used as a reference. Observations of the fused acetabulum can be used to make accurate estimates of age for adults of any age, with less accurate estimates when a more distant reference collection is used.     

A SECOND CHANCE FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES: A MODEL STATUTE TO REINSTATE PARENTAL RIGHTS AFTER TERMINATION

There are more than half a million children in foster care in the United States. Some of these children are adopted into loving families, but many are considered hard to adopt and never find a permanent family. Research suggests that the outlook for the teens who exit or age out of foster care without a permanent home or a meaningful adult relationship is bleak. They are more likely to face homelessness, joblessness, drug addiction, early pregnancy, mental health problems, and prison time. With such grim statistics, states should explore every possible permanent family resource for youth in foster care. This Note proposes that, in limited circumstances, it is in the best interest of the child to vacate a final order of termination and reinstate parental rights. It calls for states to adopt a model state statute based on the five state statutes currently in place that already allow for the reinstatement of parental rights.     

知识产权犯罪刑事附带民事诉讼的困境与出路

知识产权犯罪刑事附带民事诉讼存在着一些非议,其遭遇了褒贬不一的评价,在被害人权益保障方面面临着诸多困境。面对这些困境,其出路就在于应通过立法确立诉前禁令在知识产权犯罪刑事附带民事诉讼中允许被运用;扩大知识产权犯罪刑事附带民事诉讼赔偿的种类和范围;通过立法确立知识产权犯罪刑事赔偿的计算标准;设立知识产权专门审判机构。     

关于“孝道”文化的研究综述

养老是整个社会的文化规则,然而在社会的急剧转型过程中传统的养老文化发生了变迁。本文综述了近年来学术界关于养老的"孝道"文化的内涵与构建、特点及建设新孝道文化的意义,以期能够对于目前的老龄化问题有所帮助。     

城市职业流浪乞讨人员管理的困境及出路

《城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员救助管理办法》实施以来,对如何依法管理城市职业流浪乞讨人员起到了重要指导和推动作用,但受法治的、习惯的及历史的诸因素制约,当前在城市职业流浪乞讨人员管理方面仍存在困境。虽然各地正积极探索有效的管理模式,从实践和长远来看,我们还需要在深刻分析的基础上,借鉴国外做法,探索中国特色的城市职业流浪乞讨人员管理之路。     

Effect of Aging and Surface Interactions on the Diffusion of Endogenous Compounds in Latent Fingerprints Studied by Mass Spectrometry Imaging,

The ability to determine the age of fingerprints would be immeasurably beneficial in criminal investigations. We explore the possibility of determining the age of fingerprints by analyzing various compounds as they diffuse from the ridges to the valleys of fingerprints using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging. The diffusion of two classes of endogenous fingerprint compounds, fatty acids and triacylglycerols (TGs), was studied in fresh and aged fingerprints on four surfaces. We expected higher molecular weight TGs would diffuse slower than fatty acids and allow us to determine the age of older fingerprints. However, we found interactions between endogenous compounds and the surface have a much stronger impact on diffusion than molecular weight. For example, diffusion of TGs is faster on hydrophilic plain glass or partially hydrophilic stainless steel surfaces, than on a hydrophobic Rain‐x treated surface. This result further complicates utilizing a diffusion model to age fingerprints.