On a knife edge: A preliminary investigation of clothing damage using rounded-tip knives

Bladed weapons are frequently encountered in violent crime offences including street based and armed robberies, murder, sexual assaults and terrorism. A study was conducted involving four frequently encountered clothing fabrics: t-shirt (knitted cotton), denim jeans (twill woven cotton), long sleeved top (knitted synthetic blend), and skirt (non-woven faux leather) and five knives to investigate any damage resulting from a downward stabbing motion, with 300 stabs in total. Any resultant penetrating severance damage was then photographed, measured and analysed. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the stab hole size and shape, as a consequence of the design of a bladed weapon (in particular, the tip shape) that caused it. There is a notable correlation between the Assure knife (rounded tip) and no resulting severance damage, as the fabric surfaces were not breached with this knife. This suggests a clear alternative to pointed tip knife blades. These findings will be of interest to investigators of knife crime offences, crime-reduction units, knife manufacturers and practitioners, who share the goal of identifying a safer alternative to conventional knife blade design.     

浅谈基层公安机关警力不足的现状及改善途径

随着我国社会、经济的长足发展,人流、物流、信息流也在不断发展和变化,给公安工作提出了许多新问题,特别是治安形势的不断变化和警力不足的矛盾日益突出,已成为制约当前公安工作发展的瓶颈。如何进一步夯实公安基层基础,增强公安工作发展后劲,全面提升公安工作和公安队伍建设的水平,作者就基层公安机关警力不足的成因及对策提出了自己的看法和建议。     

冷战时期美国的军事战略与军事思想

冷战时期,美国形成了为其全球战略服务的各种军事战略,包括"遏制战略"和各种核威慑战略,如大规模报复战略、灵活反应战略、限制损伤战略、确保摧毁战略、现实威慑战略、总体威慑战略、有限核威慑战略和新的灵活反应战略。与此相适应,军事思想也发生了很大的变化,强调"空军第一"、"争夺制海权"、"质量建军",并形成了新的作战思想。这些战略和军事思想使美国赢得了冷战的胜利,但是也产生了许多问题。     

论劳动力权是职工参与权的权利来源

职工参与权是劳动力权人享有的通过参与公司民主决策、民主管理和民主监督来促进公司发展,保障其权益的权利.从劳动力权的人权和财产(“物”)权属性来看,职工参与权的权利来源是职工(劳动者)所拥有的劳动力权而不是来源于政治与经济制度和劳动权.     

兰州市大气污染及其调控

分析了兰州市的大气污染特征,从自然和人为２方面探讨了大气污染的成因,指出兰州市大气污染治理面临的一系列矛盾和问题,并从产业发展、工程治理、环境管理等角度提出了相应的调控措施。     

西部大开发的内在动力源泉探析

大力发展西部民营经济,加大对西部大多数国有中小企业的非国有化改革力度,加快对西部国有大中型企业的现代企业制度改革,使西部各种所有制经济共同繁荣发展,是西部大开发内在动力的源泉所在。     

论国际航空运输电子合同的法律适用

国际航空运输协会(IATA)为了在全球范围内统一行业运营标准,要求其成员国的航空公司2007年年底之前在旅客运输业务方面全面采用电子机票,实现整个流程的无纸化.我国作为成员国,按照协会的要求逐渐在国内和国际航线上普及了电子机票,随之也带来了很多法律上的问题.尤其在国际航空旅客运输过程中,由于跨越不同的法域,不可避免地会引起国家或地区间的法律冲突;所以随着国际航空电子机票的全面使用,相关的法律适用问题应该引起我们足够的重视.对此,我们应该参照国际公约的规定对我国的相关法律进行修改,明确规定国际航空运输电子合同诸要素的法律适用,并在现有的基础上确立更加科学的管辖权制度.     

The ‘us vs them’ mentality: a comparison of police cadets at different stages of their training

ABSTRACT

Any depiction of police culture includes a strong ‘us versus them’ element, but research has been unable to satisfactorily explain its development and evolution. In particular, very few studies have focused on the training period, between when an individual chooses a police career and his/her first day as an officer. A total of 1,979 pre-university students from seven colleges in Quebec (Canada) completed a self-administered survey where they had to answer general questions about the police followed by specific questions about four realistic videos of fictional police interventions involving use of force. Unsurprisingly, the analysis suggests that students in Police Technology tend to think they are more supportive of the police and the use of force than students in other programs. However, students in Police Technology increasingly indicate that the majority of people would report a more negative opinion than they have, suggesting that police candidates increasingly disidentify with the rest of the population.     

Fatal suicidal injury of a radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula

A 59-year-old man was found dead in his living room. His body was covered with blood, but the only injury found was a 31-mm-long, transverse incision on the radial surface of the left forearm. Autopsy revealed that the injured vessel was an enlarged cephalic vein from a radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (RC-AVF) that had been created 23 years before for hemodialysis. Cephalic vein injury is usually not fatal, but circumstantial evidence, autopsy, and histological findings suggested that hemorrhagic shock and death occurred within a short time after the self-inflicted incised wound. This may be explained by the blood flow rate in the RC-AVF, which can reach 12 ml/s; this is 25 times higher than the normal cephalic vein blood flow.     

生育政策调整对我国劳动力供给规模的影响评估

全面二孩政策的实施,是中国生育政策的一次重大调整,研究该政策的实施对劳动力供给的影响具有十分重要的意义.本研究利用2010年的人口普查数据,设置全面二孩政策实施后生育水平可能的变化方案,并在此基础上对全面二孩政策的实施对我国未来劳动力供给规模的影响进行测算.研究结果表明,无论生育政策是否调整,我国未来劳动力供给都将呈现...