论中国古代契约与国家法的关系--以唐代法律与借贷契约的关系为中心

中国古代法律 (如唐代律令 )对契约的规制或指导 ,在总体上是 :部分的民间事务靠习俗调整 ,部分的则由法律调整。国家承认“私契”的地位 ,并承认它的规则。有关借贷契约的法律和契约实践表明 ,契约内容和契约活动是在法律规制下进行的。国家通过受理 (官为理 )、不受理 (官不为理 ) ,表达契约自由的限度 ;并有质物处理、保人责任等程序性的和实体权利义务的设定 ;律令规定往往是相衔接的。但在实践中 ,契约内容对法律又有遵守与抵触两种情形同时存在。在契约的履行方式、利息限制、质物交付与处理、保人代偿等问题上 ,这种冲突都比较明显。契约中还有“抵赦”条款 ,专门应对国家对私人债负的赦免效力问题。     

在网络化环境中提高图书分类质量的几个问题

在新世纪网络化环境中, 做好图书分类工作直接决定和影响着图书馆整体工作的水平。要切实提高图书分类质量, 图书馆就要关注和把握几个重要问题 (1) 提高分类质量的基础和前提是熟悉和掌握分类法;(2) 提高分类质量的有效途径是制定与完善本馆的分类细则; (3) 提高分类质量的保证是严格遵循图书分类工作程序; (4) 提高分类质量的关键是不断提高分类人员的综合素质和能力。     

论西周至春秋中晚期"士"的社会身份之发展演变--兼论《诗经》中士的生存状态

早期“士”首先由殷周之际较有权势的上层贵族,一变而成为周代礼乐制度规定下的低级贵族。同时,随着作为礼乐制度核心的宗法世袭制的动摇和封建制的逐渐崩溃。这一阶层在春秋中叶以后再次发生蜕变,并渐与庶人合流,形成一个新兴阶层。并在更为深远的意义上最终促进了以儒家为代表的中国传统知识分子的形成。     

拓宽学习视野 改善学习方法——对学习型党组织学习路径的思考

党的十七届四中全会在总结历史经验的基础上,提出"积极向书本学习、向实践学习、向群众学习"的要求,指明了建设学习型党组织的正确方向。建设学习型党组织,需要创新学习方法,把握全会提出的三种学习方式:一是向书本学习,坚定信念,立德储能;二是向实践学习,增长才干,历练作风;三是向群众学习,收获智慧,增进感情。     

新领导力——古代领导力与现代领导力比较研究

现代领导力是古代领导力的继承,但不是复制,它与古代领导力有本质的区别。通过对中国古代领导力与现代领导力的比较研究,可以为我们对现代领导力的内容及其提升提供新的理解。     

中国古代刑法中的“罪刑法定”论

在中国古代刑法中,很早就有了"罪刑法定"的思想.这一思想从春秋时期被提出,经战国、秦汉的发展,遭"春秋决狱"的磨难,到晋代的再次被提出和隋唐的进一步发展及以后各代的相继沿用,前后经历了漫长的历程.但是,由于中国封建专制皇权的存在,"罪刑法定"思想始终没能上升为古代刑法的基本原则.尽管如此,"罪刑法定"思想在同罪刑擅断相斗争,维护封建统治的过程中,一直发挥着重要的作用.     

Free Fatty Acids Composition in Adipocere of the Kwäday Dän Ts’ìnchí Ancient Remains Found in a Glacier*

Abstract: Adipocere is a postmortem decomposition product consisting of mostly a mixture of free fatty acids (FFAs) that are formed because of the hydrolysis of triglycerides in adipose tissues. This article describes a simple and robust method for the extraction, identification, and quantification of FFA commonly found in adipocere using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). This method was applied to analyze tissues from Kwäday Dän Ts’ìnchí, ancient remains discovered in a retreating glacier in the Tatshenshini‐Alsek Park, British Columbia, Canada in August 1999. The lyophilized tissues were grinded and extracted with hexane. The trimethylsilyl fatty acid derivatives were analyzed by GC/MS, and the relative abundances of myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid were determined. Milligram per gram levels of saturated fatty acids were found in the tissues of the ancient remains, while the levels of unsaturated fatty acids, such as palmitoleic acid, were found to be negligible. The results provided further evidence of the existence of adipocere found during forensic examination of the Kwäday Dän Ts’ìnchí ancient remains.     

大陆移民与万叶古歌

日本古代大陆移民虽擅长汉字汉文,但对于日本本土文学样式＂和歌＂却似乎并不在行。可是,在古代日本的政治与社交活动中,和歌是必不可少的工具。为了保持与日本本土氏族之间的交流,大陆移民开始摸索适合于自身的作歌方法,而由此逐渐形成了一股使用古歌的风潮。     

Aftereffects of Knowledge: Dogmatic Retreats and Sceptical Adventures

Abstract

A distinction between nature and culture is usually thought to be a condition of possibility of criticism. The idea is that, in comparison to natural laws, norms and conventions are merely relative and, therefore, susceptible to criticism and change. This paper contests this view and argues that critical practice is still possible, and even more productive, when nature and culture are seen to be continuous with one another. A general contrast is developed between ‘dogmatic’ and ‘sceptical’ modes of criticism. The suggestion is that theorists as diverse as Jürgen Habermas and Judith Butler adopt the dogmatic approach. An alternative, sceptical critical mode is elaborated in connection with Nietzsche and the ancient sceptics. This sceptical approach is based upon an identity between nature and culture, and has affinities with the aesthetic emphasis of some contemporary political theory.     

春秋决狱———从实践出发的审判思路

先秦时代所形成的《春秋》等经典实是先秦时代人们长期实践经验的写照,而《春秋》决狱正是通过对以往人们实践经验的再阐释来平息争端、解决纠纷,达致各方利益平衡的.从尚存的春秋决狱的六个案例中可看出,从实践出发,针对具体案件,解决纠纷才是审判的实质所在.