个人极端暴力事件产生的心理原因与预防对策

近一、两年来,我国个人极端暴力事件频发,给社会带来了极大的危害,给国家和人民的生命财产造成了重大损失,引起了社会各界的高度关注。个人极端暴力事件发生的原因是多方面、多层次的,其中个体的心理原因起决定性作用;个人极端暴力事件的预防是一个系统工程,它需要全社会的合力,齐抓共管,实施社会和心理综合治理。     

从“杨佳事件”看群体归因偏向及其对警民关系的启示

"杨佳事件"中民众的舆论反应给警民关系的建设敲响了警钟,民众的群体归因偏向导致警民关系越走越远。研究并解释民众群体归因偏向产生的机制和原因,并制定合适的应对策略,对建立良好的警民关系和缓解负面事件对警察形象的影响具有重大意义。     

论我国刑法中危险驾驶罪的客观构成要件要素

危险驾驶罪中的实行行为包括醉酒驾驶行为与追逐竞驶行为。醉酒驾驶作为一种典型的原因自由行为,既可表现为作为的方式,也可表现为不作为的方式;追逐竞驶行为无须考虑主观目的,但却需要有特定的行为手段与行为地点。危险驾驶中的"危险"实属一种超越"被允许的危险",对危险驾驶罪的客观归属进行分析,可以适当地排除部分不符合构成要件的行为。     

Identifying “deterrable” offenders: Implications for research on deterrence

This article outlines a theoretical framework that distinguishes three forms of responsiveness to legal sanction threats: acute conformist, deterrable, and incorrigible. It then investigates the implications of the framework with data from a perceptual deterrence survey administered to 412 university students. The findings suggest the preeminent empirical regularity in deterrence research—that the deterrent effect of the certainty of punishment far exceeds that of the severity of punishment—may be overstated. An analysis confined to deterrable offenders suggests that the severity effect (relative to the certainty effect) may exceed that reported in extant research.     

The nexus between attribution theory and racial attitudes: a test of racial attribution and public opinion of capital punishment

Research has shown that attribution theory and racial attitudes are among the most consistent attitudinal predictors of capital punishment opinion. This study explores the overlap of these two constructs, racial attribution, and its ability to account for support and opposition to the death penalty. Using data from the 1972–2016 cumulative data file of the General Social Survey, three logistic regression models were used to analyze the effect of internal and external racial attribution on capital punishment opinions for (a) the aggregate sample, (b) White respondents only, and (c) Black respondents only. Respondents were asked whether racial inequalities were due to structural disadvantages or personal deficiencies of Black Americans. Findings showed that respondents in all three models were more likely to support the death penalty when they attributed racial inequalities to personal deficiencies of Blacks and less likely to support the death penalty when they endorsed structural disadvantages, although the effects were somewhat muted for Black respondents. These findings suggest that ongoing public support for capital punishment in the United States is based at least in part on a fundamental attribution error in which Whites and some Blacks alike blame Blacks for their own deprivation.     

WTO知识产权协议侵权归责原则

中国知识产权保护从零水平向世界水平跃进 ,使中国有关司法近年始终保持攀高的趋势 ,法学界也为适应这种趋势提供了理论依据。本文作者从分析WTO知识产权协议侵权归责入手 ,对TRIPS协议主张“无过错责任”总原则提出质疑 ,对中国司法总体适用“过错推定”原则提出疑问。最后 ,对TRIPS协议侵权归责以“场合”划分而不以“权属”之诉划分的实践意义及对如何正确理解TRIPS协议侵权归责作出了探讨。     

"刑法规范之模糊性"探源

刑事立法和刑法学研究存在盲目推崇刑法规范的明确性而忽视甚至完全摒弃刑法规范的模糊性的现象,刑法规范的模糊性的存在有其根源与理由,因而模糊性与明确性同为刑法规范的两个基本属性,两者相辅相成.     

群体性事件危机管理学——作为一独立学科的理由、条件和学科体系探讨

从学科化、科学化的角度提出在危机管理学体系中创建群体性事件危机管理学分支学科的设想。通过对研究对象、研究内容、学科性质、学科属性及研究方法等基本理论的探讨,就国内群体性事件危机管理学科建构中的若干问题予以系统性的阐释和说明,为读者提供这一新兴学科的全景式的描述。     

大学生心理异常现象的现状及对策分析

通过调研近期大学生心理异常现象,归纳出精神病症状、神经症、人格障碍等类型的“心理异常”,分析了生物因素、社会因素、心理因素等对大学生心理的影响,提出了构筑关怀教育体系,提升自我维护能力,建立“立体管理”模式等防治对策。     

假定因果关系、结果避免可能性与客观归责

假定因果关系与结果避免可能性是客观归责领域里两个不同性质的问题,前者不影响归责;后者是否影响归责,要根据“合义务替代行为”的思考方法来确定。只有在遵守义务能避免结果时,才能归责给违反义务的行为人;当遵守义务也不能避免结果时,义务违反与结果之间欠缺内在关联,应排除归责;当结果避免的可能性不确定时,应根据罪疑唯轻原则对行为人做有利认定,视为义务违反关联性欠缺,从而排除归责。客观归责理论的方法论意义,不是条件说或相当因果关系说能够代替的。