消费理论的行为化趋向

最近 2 0多年里 ,行为理论在消费理论方面的研究取得了重要进展 ,而主流消费理论也正朝着以行为分析为基础的方向发展 ,二者的相互融合将构成未来宏观消费理论发展的突出特征     

略论警官院校的校园文化建设

校园文化是弥漫在校园活动和师生精神生活中的文化氛围、价值取向和生活方式。警官院校的文化建设不仅是学员自身的文化需求,而且对于达到教育与教学目的、培养高素质人才同样具有重要意义。在校园文化建设中,应注意到它的一般性和特殊性,并做好总体规划,采取切实步骤予以施行。     

PROJECTED OFFENDING AND CONTEMPORANEOUS RULE‐VIOLATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR HETEROTYPIC CONTINUITY*

This study integrated two methodologies, the vignette‐based survey and the randomized laboratory experiment, to investigate the relationship between projected and actual offending behavior. Findings indicate that respondents' estimates of the likelihood they would drive drunk in a hypothetical vignette were positively correlated with whether they simultaneously cheated on a laboratory task to earn a cash bonus. Implications are discussed for both the prospective measurement and heterotypic continuity of criminal and antisocial behavior.     

国家治理逻辑与农民生存选择——基于农民矿工的行为分析

农民矿工的职业选择是由其生存境况决定的。在推行赶超战略过程中,国家为能从农村提取经济资源并保持政治稳定,在给予农民生存保障的同时,也对其行动自由进行限制;由于无法掌控命运,只要还能维持生存,农民一般会对国家表示忠诚和顺从。由于近乎于零的机会成本和濒临生存线的高边际效用,部分贫困农民不得不从事诸如煤矿采掘这样一些充满危险的工作。法律保障的缺失、行动能力的弱小,使得农民矿工无力有效维护其基本权利。     

风险社会的刑法的三个基本面相

风险社会的形成使刑法的发展驶上了由传统社会结构与（狭义的）风险社会结构共同塑造的＂双轨道＂,刑法在风险社会展示出了不同于以往的新面相,即刑事政策走向规范化,刑法被定位为安全刑法,刑法规范被塑造为行为规范。     

Slips and falls in stores and malls: Implications for community‐based injury prevention

An empirical analysis of the behavioral ecology of slip, trip, and fall accidents in grocery stores and shopping malls is presented. The store data set comprised 36 consecutive months of data collected from a chain of grocery stores in the Midwestern USA and the mall data set included 24 consecutive months of data collected from 22 malls across the continental USA, with a concentration in the southern region. Analyses showed that the majority of the slip, trip and fall accidents occurred on the inside of the establishments, on the same level, and resulted from a water or liquid spill or food item on the floor. Design deficiencies accounted for the least amount of occurrences and cost of the accidents, while housekeeping and inspection deficiencies accounted for the bulk of the accidents. Data‐based recommendations for slip, trip and fall injury‐prevention strategies in these public places, focusing on management action, are offered.     

制度性歧视的内涵与辨异

制度性歧视是由于国家正式规则的认可或者公权力主体的推行,使一定社会群体持续遭受普遍的、规范化的不合理对待。制度性歧视包含三个构成要素:公权力主体实施的歧视、以制度形态存在的歧视以及不合理的区别对待。与普通的歧视行为相比,制度性歧视具有合法性与正当性、强制性、群体性和稳定性等特点。制度性歧视在性质上属于公法歧视,并且依据存在形态与行为性歧视相区别。它不仅包括多数群体对少数群体的歧视,还包括少数群体对多数群体的歧视。     

腐败行为何以能够产生——来自行为经济学研究的解释

为探究个体做出腐败行为的行为经济学原因,以受贿行为为例,设定了若干组收益-损失决策问题作为实验材料,以成年人为被试进行施测并观察其决策倾向。实验结果表明:与收益参数和损失参数都确定的情况相比,当收益参数确定,同时损失时间和概率不确定时,个体会更倾向于选择冒险性方案;与过去的受贿决策中遭受过损失的个体相比,在过去的受贿决策中没有遭受过损失的个体,更有可能在当前的决策情境中选择冒险性方案。因此,为有效遏制个体腐败行为,一是让个体明确意识到一旦受贿将遭受惩罚的程度、时间和概率三者的确定性。二是要加大受贿惩罚力度,让个体在面临受贿情境时作出正确的决策。     

Developmental incompetence to stand trial in juvenile courts

Juveniles' competency to participate in delinquency proceedings has received increased attention in recent years. Developmental incompetence, whereby juveniles' incompetency is based upon their immaturity, as opposed to a mental disorder or developmental disability, is an evolving and important aspect of this area of law. The following paper reviews theories used to support the notion of developmental incompetence, as well as the extant empirical research on juveniles' competency-related abilities. Using a LexisNexis search, statutory and case laws pertaining to juvenile competency were identified across the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Only six states clearly allow developmental incompetence, whereas 17 have laws that do not include developmental immaturity as an acceptable basis of incompetence in juvenile courts. Developmental incompetence is likely to affect a relatively small proportion of juvenile cases, but has important implications for juvenile forensic practice. Recommendations are offered for forensic practitioners conducting this type of evaluation.     

商事案件中表见代理构成的解析与重塑

在商事案件审理过程中判断是否构成表见代理时，需要考虑从安全与效率的商事活动价值博弈入手，对照民事表见代理与商事表见代理的区别，不能以被代理人过错作为表见代理的构成要件，而以审查被代理人行为与代理权外观是否具有关联性作为表见代理构成的事实基础。完成对这一关联性的审查之后，还应综合考量构成关联的各项客观事由是否足以引起善意第三人信赖的因素，以最终判断是否成立表见代理。