土地承包经营权制度的行为有效性分析

土地承包经营权制度是国家保障农民土地承包权益的重要举措,从法治角度考察其实效情况,可分析行为有效部分。对土地承包经营权制度的行为有效性的分析共选取了三个方面:农民的土地承包经营权权利意识情况、土地承包经营权的行使情况、土地承包经营权的实现情况。在此基础上得出土地承包经营权制度行为有效性的结论和建议。     

Evaluation of an Incentive System at a Summer Camp for Youth Experiencing Homelessness

SUMMARY

Children who are homeless often experience emotional and behavioral problems. They also may have difficulty interacting with peers. Programs designed to reward positive behaviors may be successful in improving behavioral functioning for children experiencing emotional distress due to homelessness and related risk factors. Families experiencing homelessness may have a difficult time accessing mental health services. School settings may be optimal environments for implementing programs to improve behavioral and social development for these children. In this paper, we describe the implementation and outcomes of an incentive system, developed to improve school behaviors and interactions for children experiencing homelessness. This system was implemented during a summer camp designed to enrich reading skills. Teachers and aides administered bracelets as secondary reinforcers for positive and prosocial behaviors. Children could purchase primary reinforcers, such as toys and art supplies, with the bracelets. Results were positive, supporting project activities. Future programs and evaluation projects should focus on delivering and evaluating prevention and therapy services for youth experiencing homelessness.     

Knot‐Tying Habits,Tier Handedness,and Experience*

Abstract: Previous research concerning tier handedness, experience and the configuration of simple, habitual knots has been scant and conflicting. Survey data were collected from 21 disparate groups comprising 562 respondents in total. Regardless of experience, respondents tied both Granny and Reef Knots. Dextral tying was dominated by S knots. Left‐handers tied Z knots more frequently than right‐handers. However, the frequency of S and Z knots relative to tier hand dominance, which is not binary, occurred on a continuum. Averaging all survey tasks, more than 70% of knots tied by dextrals were S, whereas only 56% of those tied by sinistrals were S. These percentages varied somewhat according to specific tying tasks and the number of working ends. Furthermore, tiers’ shoelace and parcel knots were not always identical, and a ranked pattern in parcel and shoelace knots was revealed. The examination of habitual knots could benefit criminal investigations.     

“Undoing” (or Symbolic Reversal) at Homicide Crime Scenes

A closed case file review of a nonrandom national sample of 975 homicides disclosed 11 cases (1.13%) of undoing, wherein offenders engaged in crime scene behavior that has been considered an attempt to symbolically reverse the murder. The frequency of the various methods of undoing involved the use of blankets to cover the victim's body (55%), positioning the body (55%), use of a bed or couch (42%), washing the body (36%), using pillows (36%), as well as removing clothing and adding other types of adornments (27%). Ten of the 11 offenders were male, and one was female; all 12 victims were female. Ten of the 12 victims were family members or relationship intimates. These findings are consistent with prior reports which concluded that the motivation for undoing behavior is an attempt to compensate for guilt or remorse for having committed the homicide.     

Justice at risk! An evaluation of a pseudoscientific analysis of a witness’ nonverbal behavior in the courtroom

Psychology and law have developed as disciplines through rigorous data collection, exploration and analysis, and the publication of findings through peer-review processes. Such findings are then used to implement evidence-based practices within a variety of settings. However, in parallel to factually and scientifically based knowledge, ‘alternative’ science, or pseudoscience, has gained in popularity. The present case study aims to evaluate the empirical evidence and theoretical underpinnings of a publically accessible analysis of a suspected serial killer’s nonverbal behavior during a bond hearing published online by two ‘synergologists’. The case study emphasizes how a ‘synergological’ analysis to understanding and interpreting human behavior fails to use empirical data, making generalized inferences based on erroneous assumptions. The case study also highlights the detrimental effects such assumptions may have within the justice system and why pseudoscientific analytical approaches should be vigorously challenged by research scientists.     

略论警官院校的校园文化建设

校园文化是弥漫在校园活动与师生精神生活中的文化氛围、价值取向和生活方式.警官院校的文化建设不仅是学生自身的文化需求,对于达到教育与教学目的,培养高素质人才同样具有重要意义.在校园文化建设中,应注意到它的一般性和特殊性,并做好总体规划,采取切实步骤予以施行.     

纳尔逊·格雷本的"旅游人类学"

近几十年来,随着旅游业的蓬勃发展,许多国家对旅游业的研究,从各个方面得到了深入的发展,并上升到一定的理论高度.在一些西方国家里,一些旅游业研究的学者提出了"旅游人类学"这一新的学说,使旅游业的研究又上了一个更高的台阶,拓宽了研究的领域,促进了旅游业的新发展.纳尔逊·格雷本(Nelson Graburn)是美国加州大学柏克利分校的人类学家,他的旅游人类学理论有独到的思想观点和模式,引起了人类学界的广泛关注.     

论利用作案工具特征分析作案人的职业特点

在现场勘查中应注意利用犯罪分子的作案工具的特征，分析作案人的职业特点。这项业务在实践中有其必要性又有其理论依据。可以通过作案人遗留在现场的工具或工具痕迹、作案人使用工具的熟练性、作案人持械破坏的技巧性、作案手段的技术性等方面来综合分析推断作案人的职业特点，为侦查破案提供传据。     

坚持科学发展观实现中国特色的建筑节能

该文立足中国国情，借鉴国外建筑节能发展的实践经验，总结了中国建筑节能工作存在的问题，从坚持科学发展观的角度，提出了实现中国特色建筑节能目标的有效途径。