"上诉利益"若干问题研究

"上诉利益"作为源于西方大陆法系民事诉讼中的一个理论,不仅其基本含义是指上诉人被声明不服的一审裁判所判定应当承担的不利益,以及在性质和类型上,属于一项实体性的或者说实质性的要件,而且,对于"上诉利益"的识别与判断,无论是对于原告还是被告,原则上都应当采用同一种学说或者标准,这就是"形式不服说".     

Measuring the Geographical Displacement and Diffusion of Benefit Effects of Crime Prevention Activity

The displacement of crime is an important criminological phenomenon. However, while there has been theoretical discussion of this issue in the research literature, there has been little in the way of either standardized empirical work that investigates the incidence of displacement or in the development of techniques that can be used to measure it. In the current paper we discuss a new technique, the weighted displacement quotient (WDQ), that was developed to measure the geographical displacement of crime. A critical feature of the rationale is that displacement can only be attributed to crime prevention activity if crime is reduced in the target area considered. Thus, the WDQ not only measures what occurs in a buffer (displacement) zone but also relates changes in this area to those in the target area. Part of the appeal of the measure is that it can be used either with aggregate or disaggregate crime data and for any geographical boundary selected, provided the appropriate data are available. In addition to detecting displacement, when detailed data are available, the technique can also be used to identify where the effect was most prominent. The WDQ can equally be used to measure the diffusion of benefit of any crime prevention activity. A series of examples are presented for illustration purposes.     

诉讼效益的形构要素与形构机理

如果把诉讼效益理解为诉讼系统与社会大系统高度整合的结果状态 ,那么诉讼效益的形构过程就是一个非常复杂的动态系统。它由一系列结构要素互相联系、密切配合、共同作用、综合形成。这些构成要素主要包括诉讼主体、诉讼目的、诉讼型态、诉讼机制、诉讼效果等 ,它们在诉讼效益的形成过程所起的作用不同 ,但都是诉讼效益形构中不可缺的因素。如何优化组合这些要素 ,使之产生更大、更好的诉讼产品 ,便成为司法合理化、诉讼效益化所着力探究和解决的重要课题。     

论我国公共服务市场化进程中政府的职责

公共服务市场化,是指政府通过政治过程作出决策,确定公共服务的供给数量和质量标准,然后以市场机制为杠杆,通过多种方式调动私营部门、非营利部门等组织的参与,在竞争中完成公共服务的供给。     

An evaluation of the quality of impact assessment in the European Union with lessons for the US and the EU

Governments throughout the world are requiring greater use of economic analysis as a way of informing policy decisions. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of impact assessment in the European Union, using US assessments as a benchmark. We find that recent EU impact assessments include more economic information than they did in the past, although important items are still missing. We also provide evidence that the quality of EU impact assessment increases with the expected cost of a proposal. Furthermore, we find that the quality of EU assessments that report high total costs is similar to that of US assessments.     

行政救济合法权益标准之省思

中国的行政法律救济制度确立了权益保护的合法性标准,这实际上是以立法者的法律价值判断取代公民正当道德权利,既不能全面地反映现实中受害者的权利诉求,更不利于受害人的权利救济。因此,应当纠正我国法律制度中普遍确认的将合法权益作为确定权益保护范围的唯一标准的狭隘观念,扩大权益保护的范围,将实定法之外的应然权利纳入法律保护的范围。     

Dynamics of water reallocation and cost implications in the transboundary setting of Ferghana Province

While in the international literature water sharing in the Syr Darya Basin per past agreements is widely portrayed as most benefiting Uzbekistan, here the dynamics of water allocation within small transboundary tributaries in Ferghana Province show Uzbekistan as benefiting least. The case study highlights that water allocation for Uzbekistan within the tributaries has decreased over the years. Uzbekistan's approach to compensate for the reduced allocations by means of other water sources has had large long-term cost implications for irrigated agriculture as well as the irrigation bureaucracy. This article contributes to the international debate on benefit sharing in transboundary rivers. The article highlights that costs should be incorporated into the benefit-sharing approach, and therefore the focus on benefit sharing alone is misguiding riparian states. Furthermore, the article raises the need to reevaluate benefits, since perceptions of potential benefits change over time.     

邓小平人学思想的历史价值和当代意义

本文以个人利益和思想自由这两个基本的人性一政治问题为焦点，在历史与现实的维度中，从肯定社会主义与全民富裕的联系、肯定个人利益的合法正当性、鼓励独立思考和自由言论、反对个人崇拜和迷信四方面系统评析了邓小平的人学思想，揭示了其深邃的历史价值和强烈的当代意义。     

延安时期党群关系建设的历史经验及启示

密切联系广大人民群众,是马克思主义唯物史观的一个基本观点,也是中国共产党领导中国革命和建设取得的经验。延安时期,陕甘宁边区政府是当时中国的"抗日民主模范政府"。总结和借鉴党在这一时期处理党群关系的历史经验,对搞好当前的党群关系及加强党的先进性建设仍有重要的启示作用。     

关于警民关系与社会稳定的思考

社会稳定是国家建设发展的保障,是国家繁荣昌盛的根基。保障社会稳定是公安机关的任务,也是公安工作的最终目的。警民关系是政群关系在社会上最直接的反映,体现着国家的执政状况、民主程度和文明进程,也是影响社会稳定的关键因素。警民和谐不仅是公安机关履行本职工作的重要基础,更是社会稳定的题中要义。