检察机关参与环境公益诉讼程序设计

新修订的《民事诉讼法》第55条将对污染环境行为提起诉讼这一内容正式纳入,为环境公益诉讼的提起提供了法律依据,但并未明确界定提起的主体。从检察机关参与环境公益诉讼的必要性及可行性入手,建立并完善检察机关参与环境公益诉讼的具体程序及检察机关自身机制,可为具体的实践操作提供参考。     

The Australian Environmental Policy Agenda

This paper seeks to identify major shifts in the Australian environmental policy agenda over the past fifty years, and discusses the possible causes of and variables affecting agenda change. The issue of what comprises ‘environment’ policy is discussed, with reference to overlaps and intersections with other policy sectors such as agriculture, public health, energy and regional affairs. While the diversity of the environment policy domain complicates any analysis of trends, there have been two persistent trends of (i) an expansion from a more narrowly to a more broadly defined suite of issue (from environment to sustainable development) and incorporation of environment into natural resource management, and (ii) an increasing diversity of policy instruments being used. Consistent with the wide variety of issues confronted, pragmatism and convenience are often as influential as political ideology or underlying trajectories. The drivers of policy change are diverse, including biophysical factors such as drought, political leaders and international policy developments, and punctuations are often better interpreted as intensification or redirections of past policy trajectories.     

The US and the Asian Development Bank: Origins,structure and lending operations

The dominant discourse related to the establishment of the Asian Development Bank revolves around its structure, functions and lending operation. But the self-serving role played by the US during its formative years has been largely neglected. This article focuses on the early years of the Bank (1967–1972) and American efforts to make it a subservient tool of American foreign policy. A close examination of American role and influence within the Bank during its formative stage illustrates how multilateral institutions, funded by rich countries, can be used to force poor nations adopt methods for dealing with their problems, at odds with their own interest.     

Ideological and pedagogical tensions in an environmental sustainability education project: A review of adult education practices around Lake Fundudzi,South Africa

ABSTRACT

Research in poor communities in South Africa faces intellectual challenges and tensions which offer lessons for evaluating environmental education (EE). This article illuminates five such tensions that emerged during the course of an adult environmental education programme, implemented from 1999 to 2002, in communities surrounding the catchment of Lake Fundudzi in South Africa: tensions arose between traditional and modern concepts of community; between traditional and post-apartheid structures of local governance; between liberal empowerment and traditional conservationist ideologies; and also within and between environmental ideologies and research paradigms. Paramount among the lessons learned is the need to develop multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary (MIT) practices that are sensitive to local community and environmental needs, and to solutions expressed through local residents, community workers and academics – in other words, the recognition and affirmation of local indigenous knowledge systems (IKSs).     

Universities and the teaching of forensic sciences to lawyers—a note *

This article presents the findings of the survey conducted among business and accountancy students of the Nanyang Business School, Singapore, on the teaching of business law. The article is organised in three main sections. Section 1 formulates the framework for the research by outlining the three basic approaches adopted across many jurisdictions for the legal education of business students—the traditionalist ("black‐letter law"), the environmentalist and mixed approaches. Section 2 briefly describes the survey questions drawn up in the light of four principal objectives that, according to legal educators, the teaching of business law should achieve. Section 3 presents and examines the findings. The article concludes that law teaching at the Nanyang Business School conforms to the traditional approach. The author accordingly makes recommendations for the transformation of current teaching and assessment medthods: an injection of a great deal of “environmental” content and context‐based education; more use of actual and current cases, practical examples and a link to the business environment.     

论“环境治理公平”

如何完善中国环境治理体系,健全地区环境治理结构,是我国当前亟待解决的重要问题。本文提出"环境治理公平"的思想,试图建构适用于中国的环境公平理论。本文还分析了中国环境治理的现状和特点,探讨了中国环境治理的制度安排与执行绩效等方面存在的不公平问题,并基于此对中国环境治理公平提出若干政策建议。     

开展厦漳泉环保同城化研究 提升海西环境竞争力

“海峡西岸”发展战略已从区域战略上升为全国战略,厦漳泉则是海西建设的重要力量,在转变经济发展方式过程中,开展厦漳泉环保同城化研究,对推进科学可持续发展有十分重要意义。该文从推进厦漳泉环保同城化重大意义及基础条件入手,学习借鉴其他城市环保同城化成功经验,提出推进厦漳泉环保同城化的对策建议：树立科学的指导思想及原则;突出重点合作领域;建立健全保障机制。使厦漳泉建立起一整套相互合作义互相制衡的体制机制,使区域内各城市在安排生产力布局、调整产业结构时,既充分考虑本地的环境承载能力,更考虑区域的环境承载能力,避免以邻为壑。共同推进区域经济社会与环保协调发展,使海峡西岸经济区到2012年生念环境继续改善,到2020年生态文明建设位居全国前列。     

报复社会型行为的模仿机理及其阻断

不断发生的报复社会事件对我国社会稳定形成了严重的挑战,其后大量模仿事件的发生说明我国社会结构和控制能力出现了问题。通过对大量报复社会型行为研究发现,导致此类模仿事件大量产生有两方面原因,一是行为人个体的心理障碍;二是外部环境原因,包括表达诉求机制的缺失、媒体的不当传播、行为实施成本低廉、社会认同心理的出现等。阻断反社会行为的模仿,需要建立良好的社会利益分配和社会保障机制,加强对重点人群的管控工作,积极协调改善媒体的传播效应,同时要保护好"易感人群",加强被害预防工作。     

论环境税收法律制度: 理论支撑、国外实践和启示简

环境税收法律制度以外部性理论、公共物（产）品理论和可持续发展理论为理论支撑;发达国家通过开征多种环境税、对原有税种进行有利于环境保护的调整等约束性的环境税收措施和通过对环保产品、环保技术、环保投资以及环保行为等方面进行税收优惠的激励性的环境税收措施,不仅有效地利用和保护了资源和环境,还为完善环境税收法律制度提供了如下经验与启示：进行环境税收立法,开征环境税要循序渐进,逐步实施;设计适合本国国情的具有可操作性的环境税收法律制度;多种环境保护手段协调配合,建立混合制度;在绿化现有税收的同时开征多种环境保护税;中央和地方的环境税收征管权限应清晰明确;税款应专款专用;税务部门应与其他部门进行合作;履行国际义务等。     

美丽中国视阈下的生态文明——和谐社会与生态文明建设

发展生态文明是改善经济发展结构、更新经济发展模式、走"资源节约、环境友好"型科学发展道路的必然选择,同时也是改善民生、提高公众幸福指数的必要条件,是中国实现科学发展的必经之路。美丽中国建设的要义就是发展社会主义生态文明,把大力推进生态文明建设作为核心任务来抓。实现中华民族的永续发展,实现人与自然的和谐,是和谐社会建设的题中应有之意。