环境权问题:一种新的探讨路径

各国宪法和环境基本法律中规定的公民享有良好环境的权利不应被视为实体性基本人权 ,而应当看作是揭示环境保护的政策、理念的宣示性条款。该条款的现实意义在于确立国家的环境管理权和公众的环境保护权 ,从而保护公众的生命、健康、财产等基本权利不因环境污染和生态破坏而遭受侵害。在民法物权法中应当确立环境物权制度 ,将公众的环境使用权纳入其中 ;同时 ,在利益衡量的基础上 ,通过环境法对环境物权的行使进行必要的限制     

行政规章与西部开发

西部开发必须沿着法制的轨道进行,保证开发活动有法可循。在我国还没有专门的西部开发法出台的情况下,有必要充分发挥行政立法,尤其是行政规章的规制作用。在制定行政规章的过程中,要注意使行政规章在西部开发中起到前瞻性、试验性、适应性的作用,以体现行政规章在西部开发中的法律规制作用。     

论突破绿色贸易壁垒执法机制的完善

随着经济的全球化和世界环保浪潮的高涨,环境因素在国际贸易中的影响达到了前所未有的高度,发达国家纷纷以环境保护为借口构筑其绿色贸易壁垒,给包括我国在内的广大发展中国家造成了很大影响。为此,各国纷纷进行突破绿色贸易壁垒的立法并建立相应的执法机制。本文从突破绿色贸易壁垒的执法机制的意义及重要性出发,分析了我国突破绿色贸易壁垒的执法机制的现状,从而提出完善突破绿色贸易壁垒的执法机制的几点设想。     

国际环境损害责任的私法化

在国际环境损害问题上追究国家责任的不可行性 ,使国际环境损害责任制度呈现出越来越明显的私法化趋势已多年。但是 ,由于国际法学界在相当长的时期内囿于传统的法律模式和思维方法 ,对这一问题的法律阐释和编纂始终没有取得突破性进展。直到最近 ,联合国国际法委员会的报告才突破了这一问题。从理论上对国际环境损害责任私法化的内容和法学方法论问题进行系统的分析、探讨 ,对发展国际环境法具有重要意义。     

环境时代宪法对环境资源公平享用的确认

可持续发展思想作为人类自身面对日益恶化的环境问题,危机四伏的生存与发展现状之幡悟,其内涵与环境资源的公平享用有着极大的关联性,表现在可持续发展十分关注环境资源代内和代际公平享用问题。本文拟从可持续发展的角度探究环境时代宪法对环境资源公平享用确认的重大意义,并同时论证了集团诉讼对于环境资源代际公平享用实现的可行性与合理性。     

The EU–South Africa Strategic Partnership and global environmental governance: Towards effective multilateralism after Copenhagen?

ABSTRACT

This paper uses an analytical framework drawn from organisational studies to unpack and evaluate climate change relations under the EU–South Africa Strategic Partnership. The article finds that, while the EU and South Africa share a common purpose and high-level climate goals, many of the formal organisational structures set up under the partnership to tackle climate change and the environment are weak and have fallen into disuse. At the same time several factors outside of the strategic partnership, such as South Africa's hosting of the Durban climate change meeting, have played a significant role in promoting climate cooperation between the two partners. Therefore, while the strategic partnership creates an additional opportunity for climate cooperation, it is by no means the only or even the most important instrument in the EU's foreign policy tool box for negotiation and dialogue.     

第三人过错不应作为环境污染民事责任的抗辩事由

本文分析了第三人过错是过错责任侵权案件的抗辩事由,全面梳理了第三人过错在我国环境立法中的地位演变,并就第三人过错是否为环境污染民事责任抗辩事由的理论争议进行了深入的述评。提出在以后修改《海洋环境保护法》及《水污染防治法》,甚至制定专门的环境侵权责任法时,除了明确规定在所有环境污染领域第三人过错都不是抗辩事由外,还需合理地设置第三人过错污染环境民事责任的追究机制和社会化救济机制。     

Imagined Races: From Environmental Determinism to Geographical Authenticity in Twentieth‐Century Argentina

This article explores how Argentine intellectuals incorporated the natural environment into their accounts of the racial, cultural and political features of the nation. In the late nineteenth century environmental determinism, based on the assumption of a cause–effect relationship between geographical and racial factors, entered Argentina through three main routes: Lamarckism, Darwinism and Spencerianism. By the mid twentieth century, however, anti‐positivist philosophies had been fully incorporated into a body of work that analysed Argentina's socio‐historical foundations. This article examines the shift that occurred during the first half of the twentieth century in how those seeking to define race incorporated the environment into their arguments. The raza was commonly taken to be synonymous with nation. Selected works by sociologist and legal scholar Carlos Octavio Bunge (1875‐1918) and by writer and ensayista Bernardo Canal Feijóo (1897‐1982) will be analysed as influential yet overlooked examples of how ‘the problem of Argentine culture’ could not be separated from the question of nature understood in terms of both physical and human geography. The goal will be to reveal, firstly, the extent to which the notion of the interior as geographical and anthropological desert deeply informed the political vision of the early national period in relation to race and nation and, secondly, how later interpretations of the nation recast American nature as a foundational element of cultural authenticity based on a sentiment of geographical belonging.     

Institutional and Economic Factors Affecting the Adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards

This article investigates the environmental factors associated with countries’ decision to adopt International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). Based on a sample of 110 countries, the results reveal a positive influence of external public funding (coercive isomorphic pressure), the degree of external openness (mimetic isomorphic pressure), and public sector organizations’ importance on IPSAS adoption. They show a negative effect of the availability of local GAAP on this decision, whereas education level (normative isomorphic pressure) is a nonsignificant factor.

This research contributes to the international accounting literature in the public sector. The results are relevant to standard-setters, regulators, researchers, international financial organizations, and non-adopting countries.     

中国与东盟的金融发展对温室气体排放的影响

本文以中国与东盟5国为研究对象，运用面板数据计量分析方法研究了金融发展对于温室气体排放的影响。结果表明，金融开放程度的提升会降低温室气体排放，金融中介的发展有助于降低温室气体排放，但金融市场的发展对于温室气体排放的影响不确定。榻应的政策建议足：提升中国与东盟各国的金融对外开放与合作程度，发挥金融对低碳产业的支持作用，建立起资本市场对环境信息的披露合作机制，促进中国与东盟碳金融市场一体化发展，推进中国与东盟的清洁能源投资合作等。