未成年人违法犯罪社区矫正制度的法律构建

未成年人犯罪是当今社会一个值得关注的重大问题,以往我们对犯罪的未成年人采取的措施是:送少年犯管教所收容教养或判处刑罚。但是,这样做既不利于对未成年人的改造,又容易造成其叛逆社会的心理,无法达到使其回归社会的目的。社区矫正制度,为我们很好地解决这一问题提供了有价值的尝试。     

深化社区警务改革中存在的主要问题及对策

社区警务在我国蓬勃兴起,取得了很大的社会成效,但也因其存在诸多问题,影响了社区警务的深化改革和进一步发展。在全面建设小康社会和构建社会主义和谐社会的新形势下,根据社区建设的发展趋势和警务现代化的要求,以科学发展观为指导,走可持续发展之路,是当前我国社区警务进一步深化改革和加快发展的必由之策。     

社区矫正：行刑社会化的必然趋势

社区矫正是一种与传统监狱服刑方式不同的、特殊的服刑方式,它让罪犯在社区中执行刑罚。它的产生有其深厚的理论基础。社区矫正符合当今世界行刑制度的发展潮流,体现了以人为本的思想,有利于犯罪人回归社会,也有利于行刑经济。我国的社区矫正试点工作取得了一定的成绩,但还存在法律依据不足,社会认同程度不高等问题。社区矫正的执行主体由司法行政机关担任比较合适。社区矫正的适用对象应做进一步的合理调整。     

社区自治：我国社区治理的发展目标

改革开放以来,我国的社区治理主要经历了行政型、合作型两种模式。实现社区自治是我国社区治理的发展目标,但目前条件尚未成熟。要实现社区自治的目标,必须从加强社区治理的法律建设、积极促进第三部门发展、大力发展社会中介组织、积极培育公民的参与意识和社区理念等方面努力。     

A Tale of Two Towns: Assessing the Role of Political Resources in a Community Electronic Network

In this study we examine responses to the recent expansion of information technology in two rural Minnesota towns. One of these towns took a cooperative approach to technology access, developing a community electronic network, while the other town relied on a more individualistic, entrepreneurial model. The present study examines citizens' attitudes concerning social, political, and technological issues in these two communities, with the goal of uncovering what kinds of attitudes and resources citizens need to have in order to help support and sustain a community electronic network. Structural equation modeling is used to specify the relationships among individuals' economic, political, and social resources, technology ownership and use, and awareness of and support for the community network. Drawing on a theory of social capital, we consider the relative importance of privately- oriented social engagement versus publicly- oriented political engagement in relation to collective outcomes. Our analysis shows that in the town with the broadly- based community electronic network, individuals' political as well as economic resources are linked to knowledge and use of computer resources, whereas in the comparison community, economic stratification alone drives computer access. The implications of these findings for issues of equity, access to technology, and the development of strong community ties are discussed.     

社区建设与管理专业教学改革研究与实践

社区建设与管理随着社区的飞速发展已成为城市工作中的重要组成部分。社区建设与管理专业所开展的教学改革研究与实践，就是要把学生培养成具有较宽理论知识和较强社区工作能力，适应各种社区工作岗位要求的高等技术应用性专门人才。     

群体性事件心理分析

近年来,因各种人民内部矛盾引发的群体性事件不断增多,社会影响越来越大,成为影响社会稳定和治安秩序的突出问题。不少专家学者从群体性事件的成因及处置对策方面进行了许多有益探讨,本文拟从犯罪心理学的角度,对这一现象产生的心理原因、心理过程及心理预防等问题进行一些探讨。     

Influences and Mediators of the Effect of Poverty on Young Adolescent Depressive Symptoms

Data from a sample of young adolescents between the ages of 10 and 12 years (N = 898) from the mother–child data set of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were analyzed in a study of influences that explain the relation between poverty and depressive symptoms measured 2 years later. Other variables that predicted youth depressive symptoms were also identified. Results indicated that neighborhood problems, nonparticipation in outside school and neighborhood activities, residing with mothers who exhibited depressive symptoms, and mother's use of physical punishment were partial mediators of the effect of poverty on depressive symptoms 2 years later. Youth health status, lower levels of school satisfaction, marital-partner conflict, and father's emotional support also predicted depressive symptoms. The findings indicate that youth depressive symptoms are multiply determined and that poverty can adversely affect young adolescents in many ways.     

Family Representative Payeeship and Violence Risk in Severe Mental Illness

Although representative payeeship is prevalent among people with mental illness and shows promise to positively influence clinically relevant outcomes, research also suggests this legal mechanism could be implemented in ways that are problematic. The current study examined whether family representative payeeship was associated with elevated risk of family violence perpetrated by persons with severe mental illness (SMI). Data were collected every 4 months for 1 year in structured interviews with N = 245 persons with SMI who received disability benefits. Multivariate analyses showed that substance abuse, history of violence, frequency of family contact, and family representative payeeship were associated with elevated odds of family violence. Analyses also showed family contact and family representative payeeship had a cumulative effect on increasing the predicted probability of family violence (controlling for covariates such as violence history and substance abuse). The data shed light on the potential for family representative payeeship to be associated with increased risk of interpersonal conflict and violence in SMI.     

对“治安承包“的思考

"治安承包"作为一种"本土化"的预防犯罪模式,其产生是世界警务形势与我国社会治安现状相结合的产物,它其实属于社区警务改革的诸多法门之一。建立在社区警务基础之上的"治安承包"是有相应的理论和现实基础的,但也有令人思考的余地。