法治视野中的行政指导行为——论我国行政指导的合法性问题与法治化路径

行政指导是行政民主化潮流下日益广泛运用并逐渐类型化的一种现代行政管理行为方式,同时也是一个理论基础薄弱、实务问题甚多、法治程度不高的重大行政现象,应当按照现代行政法治的要求将其纳入法治化轨道。本文透过依法行政理念的演进轨迹从多个角度探讨了行政指导行为的合法性问题和法学理论背景,并以实证研究方式结合我国行政法律制度现实进一步讨论了行政指导与依法行政的关系,在此基础上分析了行政指导实践中存在的突出问题及其原因,并从观念更新、制度创新、完善立法、配套措施等方面提出了推动行政指导法治化的完善路径和具体对策,期能为正在进行中的我国行政指导程序立法和制度建构提供参考。     

MENTORS AND CRIMINAL ACHIEVEMENT*

Much of the research focusing on conventional occupations concludes that mentored individuals are more successful in their careers than those who are not mentored. Early research in criminology made a similar claim. Yet contemporary criminology has all but ignored mentors. We investigate this oversight, drawing on Sutherland's insights on tutelage and criminal maturation and incorporating ideas on human and social capital. We argue that mentors play a key role in their protégés' criminal achievements and examine this hypothesis with data from a recent survey of incarcerated adult male offenders in the Canadian province of Quebec. In this sample, a substantial proportion of respondents reported the presence of an influential individual in their lives who introduced them to a criminal milieu and whom they explicitly regarded as a mentor. After studying the attributes of offenders and their mentors, we develop a causal framework that positions criminal mentor presence within a pathway that leads to greater benefits and lower costs from crime.     

Unemployment and the dynamics of offender populations

This paper models the increase in the participation rate of criminal behavior as either the initiation rate or the career length of criminals changes in response to increases in unemployment. Even with large instantaneous increases in unemployment, the models show a very slow increase in the criminal participation rate, giving a possible explanation of the failure of many studies to demonstrate a link between unemployment and crime levels.     

“官二代”和“贫二代”职业发展内隐刻板印象研究——大四学生和在职人士的比较

采用刻板解释偏差（SEB）的方法,对大四学生和在职人士关于“官二代”和“贫二代”职业发展的内隐刻板印象进行考察。结果发现,大四学生对“官二代”和“贫二代”职业发展持有明显的内隐刻板印象,在职人士不持有明显的职业发展刻板印象;大四学生将与“官二代”职业发展刻板印象不一致的结果多归于个人的内部因素,将与“贫二代”职业发展刻板印象不一致的结果多归于外部情境因素;大四学生的性别和专业对“官二代”和“贫二代”职业发展的内隐刻板印象不存在显著影响。     

Career Dimensions of Stalking Victimization and Perpetration

Prior literature concerning stalking, particularly in the field of criminology, finds wide variation in fundamental trends regarding stalking victimization and perpetration. There seems to be little consensus regarding when and how stalking is manifested. Furthermore, prior research to date has not addressed the etiology of stalking‐related behaviors by applying principles from criminal career research, including participation, frequency, onset, and duration. The present study builds upon prior research by addressing trends in age of onset for stalking victimization and perpetration, the duration of stalking‐related behaviors, and the relationship between those behaviors and other types of crime over the life course using primary data from a sample of young adults. Findings indicate that stalking victimization and perpetration share important career attribute similarities, and that self‐reported history of intimate partner violence and sexual assault are strongly associated with stalking outcomes.     

领导力发展视角下的职业女性工作-生活平衡策略研究

职业女性诞生之初就遭遇到家庭角色与社会角色冲突的挑战。尽管知识经济时代两性在体力上的差异对职业选择和发展的影响越来越小,职业女性的规模与影响力都在持续上升,但由女性双重角色冲突而导致的工作与生活平衡困难并未明显减弱,不仅阻碍职业女性的高层发展道路,甚至束缚了年轻女性的职业选择。本文提出从领导力发展的视角探索职业女性工作与生活的平衡策略,从个人层面和组织层面两个角度分析了如何借助领导力效应帮助职业女性走出角色冲突困境、建构工作与生活的平衡机制,同时享受生活的快乐与工作的成就。     

A Life in Song

正Famed Chinese opera singer Hao Jiang Tian completes a special 30th anniversary recital From the opening notes of Hao Jiang Tian’s recital commemorating his 30-year career as one of the world’s most celebrated operatic bass voices,including 19 years at the New York Metropolitan Opera,the audience could sense it was one of the singer’s most personal performances.The teenage Chinese factory worker with a"big voice"was transformed into a king of Verdi and Mozart,taking listeners through a repertoire of classic Chinese folk     

The Wonders of Dance

正SEVERAL months ago,Chen Wei and former university classmate Hu Yulin got married.Looking back on their lives together in university,Hu had a crush on her,but she had no feelings for him–yet.Born into an impoverished rural family,Hu Yulin was quite small when he became entranced by the melodies of a flute vender,so he bought a flute for two yuan.He recalls,"From then on,I taught myself,for there was no one to teach me."At the age of 17,Hu went to Beijing to be mentored.With Chen e oking their t feelings mpoverished rural famquite small when he d f o e n on,or there was e."7,Hu went to ntored.With     

Li NA： An Inspiration to All

正ON January 25,Chinese tennis player Li Na polarized the world’s attention when she won the Australian Open,the second Grand Slam championship win of her sports career.Soon,the media was f looded with praise for her performance and the nation’s pride was palpable."Li Na Fever"is set to last.     

Yu Hong： Paintings that Show the Passage of Time

"My paintings in the beginning were about self-discovery.My style hasn’t changed that much over the past 15years,but the story has evolved.I’m now more interested in the lives of others around me."