心理契约破裂对员工工作投入的影响：有调节的中介作用

员工的工作投入直接或间接影响到组织的价值创造、竞争能力和发展前景,探究心理契约破裂对员工工作投入的影响具有重要的理论和现实意义。本研究整合社会交换理论和资源保存理论,探讨心理契约破裂对员工工作投入影响的作用机制和边界条件。实证检验结果表明:心理契约破裂对工作投入有负向作用,心理契约破裂对工作不安全感有显著的正向影响,工作不安全感在心理契约破裂对工作投入的影响中起到完全中介作用,雇佣类型调节了心理契约破裂与工作不安全感之间的关系。为了减少员工心理契约破裂的产生,本研究建议:组织应当做好与员工的沟通工作;组织应协助员工进行个人职业规划,提供必要的培训机会,并向其提供职业发展通道;管理者应帮助员工与组织及同事建立和发展长期的、互惠的、相互依赖的高质量交换关系。     

Social Capital,Civic Engagement,and Economics in a Transitioning Economy: The Case of Vietnam Provinces

Social capitalist assert that civic engagement and participation yield significant economic gains for a county but, generally focus on democratic governed societies. The objective of this research is to determine if social capital transitions to Vietnam, a single-party governed country. This analysis first identifies factors that impact civic engagement and participation. Then it analyzes the relationship between civic engagement, participation, and economics. Using the 2012 Provincial Governance and Public Administration Performance Index, we find human capital is a stronger predictor of economics in Vietnam. We conclude by offering policy implications for understanding social capital in single-party, transitioning economy countries.     

The Role of Civic Engagement in Trisectoral Governance Approaches as Factors for Success in East German Municipalities

The demographic diminution and the special economic situation in the East necessitate flexible strategies that make use of all available on-site resources. This includes taking into account economic concerns in governmental and developmental strategies for the public sector as well as improved integration of ‘active citizens’, for whom the government must provide adequate basic parameters in order to assure lasting and effective participation. In this context, the following article presents the findings of a study on East German municipalities that clarifies the obstacles and specific potentials of a stronger cooperation between the various societal sectors that is characterised by trisectoral governance.     

“从试探性渗透”到“全面巧接触”——浅析美柬关系的新变化

美国奥巴马政府自2009年以来,出于战略考虑,加大了对柬埔寨外交力度。两国在政治、经济、军事、文化等领域的合作呈深化发展的趋势。本文试图在梳理美国在柬埔寨利益定位的基础上,分析奥巴马政府对柬政策调整的动因、手段、发展前景以及由此带来的影响。     

The Importance of Political Context for Understanding Civic Engagement: A Longitudinal Analysis

We contend that political context is important to consider when analyzing social capital and that context has an important but neglected impact on understanding the consequences of civic activity. Our focus is on the influence of rural, local leadership in two Minnesota communities and policies that these elites have developed to bring Internet connectivity to their citizens. One city developed a community electronic network and the other opted for an individualistic, entrepreneurial approach to information technology. Using a quasi-experimental research design and four-wave panel data, we find that elite policy approaches interact with civic activity to predict technology use among citizens, even long after the policies’ initial implementation. In the city with a community network, residents who are integrated into civic life are able to harness these political resources to become more technologically sophisticated.

The Rise and Fall of Political Engagement among Latinos: The Role of Identity and Perceptions of Discrimination

This study analyzes how perceptions of discrimination against oneself and/or one’s group and whether one self-identifies in national (American), national origin, or panethnic terms affect levels of political engagement among Latinos in the United States. The findings show that perceptions of discrimination against oneself are particularly damaging in that they promote both behavioral and attitudinal alienation (e.g., non-voting and lack of trust), especially among Latinos who identify primarily as American. Behavioral alienation can be mitigated, and even overcome, when perceptions of discrimination are accompanied by a panethnic or national origin self-identification. However, the attitudinal alienation created by perceptions of discrimination is not mitigated by any type of self-identification. These findings shed light on understudied factors that affect political engagement that are going to become more important to understand as the American population continues its ethnic diversification. In addition to expanding our knowledge of political engagement generally, this study also raises important questions about whether the adoption of an American self-identification is in fact beneficial for the health of our participatory political system as a whole.     

Between practices and demands: ambiguities,controversies and constraints in the emergence of active citizenship in Turkey

This article discusses the emergence of active citizenship in Turkey in the light of two working definitions that provide different outcomes in terms of research objectives and aims. On the one side, we define active citizenship as a practice stimulated by public institutions through public policy with the aim of promoting civic and political engagement in order to shape participatory policy processes and ultimately improve the democratic bases of policy-making. On the other side, we define active citizenship as a demand, which becomes particularly important where the civil society expresses certain claims through different means using both traditional and alternative channels of mobilization. In our discussion, we have examined different macro-processes and macro-events that have been key in bringing about different formulations of active citizenship. Using a case study method – where we overview different contextual elements/dynamics that bring to the fore various elements of civic and political engagement and civic and political participation during the past 15 years – we argue that, in a context where the expression of active citizenship is volatile and constrained, further research should take into account different top-down and bottom-up dynamics that bring about different challenges for the study of this subject in Turkey.     

交战规则相关问题研究

交战规则在现代军事行动中已经得到普遍应用,但因其自身的特殊性尚未广为人知,理论研究也不尽成熟,国内更是鲜有论述。此文通过分析交战规则的五个主要特点,说明对交战规则定义的认识。同时介绍了目前有关国际组织和国家的交战规则制定情况,以期进一步理解并明确制定交战规则的基本依据,即国家政策目标、具体任务需要和相关法律规范。尽管不同类型军事行动中的交战规则不尽相同,但一些基本内容是所有交战规则应当涵盖和规范的,此文总结了其中主要的九个方面。实践证明,任何交战规则都是具体时空的产物,不可能是完美无缺的,其制定、执行还存在诸多局限性和不尽人意之处。深入分析交战规则的特点、内容、依据及应用情况,可以更好地适应新军事变革及多样化军事任务需要,进一步提高我军武装冲突法的运用技能。     

Ecological determinants of volunteerism among Asian and Latinx immigrants in California,US

ABSTRACT

Volunteerism offers various health benefits and increases the level of cohesion among communities. Connectedness to communities may be particularly important for immigrants to promote their integration into the host society. However, research that systematically examines factors that contribute to volunteerism, particularly among immigrants, remains scarce. The purpose of this study is to investigate the associations between the ecological determinants and volunteerism among Asian and Latinx immigrants. The authors used the 2009 California Health Interview Survey Multicultural Discrimination Module, the most recent and state-representative data available, and found the similarities and differences of those associations between Asian and Latinx immigrants. The authors discuss the implications of results and recommend that strategies to promote volunteerism among immigrants should be accompanied by consideration of their race and ethnicity, family, neighbourhood, and life experience.     

烟台市专利战略实施现状的实证研究

2005年3月,烟台市在山东省率先出台了《烟台市知识产权发展纲要》。2008年,国务院颁布了《国家知识产权战略纲要》,标志着我国知识产权事业进入了一个新的发展阶段。这就要求各地方政府要紧密结合国家知识产权纲要,对地方纲要作出调整。《纲要》颁布实施以来,烟台市知识产权事业得到了快速发展,但也存在与国家纲要不衔接以及根据自身发展情况需要调整等问题。根据对烟台市专利战略中期目标完成情况的分析,找出《纲要》专利战略实施中存在的问题,提出完善建议,加快烟台市创新型城市建设的步伐。